University  of  Illinois 

Library  at 

Urbana-Champaign 
ACES 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 


Agricultural  Experiment  Station 


BULLETIN  NO.  128 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING 


BY  LOUIE  H.  SMITH 


URBANA,  ILLINOIS,  SEPTEMBER,  1908 


SUMMARY  OF  BULLETIN  No.  128 

i..  The  results  of  ten  years  experiments  in  breeding  corn  to 
modify  the  composition  of  the  grain  and  thereby  adapting  it  to 
various  special  purposes  are  here  reported. 

2.  Starting  with  a  variety  of  average  composition,  it  has  been 
possible  by  selection  and  breeding,  in  ten  generations :     ( I )  to  in- 
crease the  average  protein  content  from  10.92  to   14.26  percent; 
(2)   to  decrease  the  average  protein  content  from    10.92  to  8.64 
percent;    (3)  to  increase  the  average  oil  content  from  4.70  to  7.37 
percent;    (4)  to  decrease  the  average  oil  content  from  4.70  to  2.66 
percent.    In  other  words,  out  of  a  single  variety  of  corn  two  strains 
have  been  developed  of  which  one  is  now  almost  twice  as  rich  in 
protein  as  the  other,  and  two  other  strains  have  been  developed,  one 
of  which  is  now  nearly  three  times  as  rich  in  oil  as  the  other. 

Page  468. 

3.  Variations  among  individual  ears  have  been  found  ranging 
in  protein  content  from  6.13  percent  in  the  low-protein  strain,  to 
17.79  percent  in  the  high-protein  strain,  and  in  oil  content  from 
i. 60  percent  in  the  low-oil  strain  to  8.59  percent  in  the  high  oil 
strain.  Page  489. 

4.  Climatic  conditions  exert,  in  certain  years,  a  marked  effect 
upon  the  composition  of  the  corn  crop  as  regards  its  protein,  oil, 
and  starch  content.  Page  469. 

5.  Altering  the  composition  of  the  grain  has  produced  no  very 
marked  effect  upon  the  composition  of  other  parts  of  the  corn 
plant.  Page  476. 

6.  Continued  selection  appears  to  have  induced  a  certain  cor- 
relation between  protein  and  oil  content.  Page  483. 

7.  Selection  for  the  composition  of  the  grain  has  resulted  in 
characteristic  types  of  kernel.  Page  484: 

8.  Perceptible  modifications  in  the  type  of  ear  have  likewise 
been  wrought.  Page  485. 

9.  Selection  for  high-protein  is  evidently  accompanied  by  a  re- 
duction in  yield.     In  the  other  strains  the  yields  for  the  most  part 
have  been  maintained  in  spite  of  the  rigorous  selection  for  the  spe- 
cial chemical  characteristics.  Page  485. 

10.  The  detailed  plot  records  of  each  of  the  four  strains  and 
the  analytical  results  of  nearly  5000  individual  ears  which  have 
been  analyzed  during  the  ten  years'  work  are  placed  on  record  in 
the  appendix  to  this  bulletin  in  such  arrangement  that  the  maternal 
pedigree  record  of  every  ear  is  shown.  Page  490. 

11.  These  four  breeding  plots  are  still  being  continued. 


JTO  AVOl 

HO  H.SIH 

JIO  MOl 

IT°  tjSiH 


dojo 

pujugf) 


INTRODUCTORY  NOTE 
BY  CYRIL  G.  HOPKINS,  CHIEF  IN  AGRONOMY 

In  1896  the  Illinois  Experiment  Station  began  the  improvement  of  corn  by 
varying  the  composition  of  the  grain  through  selection  and  breeding.  The  results 
of  the  first  two  years  of  these  investigations  were  published  in  Bulletin  No.  55 
"Improvement  in  the  Chemical  Composition  of  the  Corn  Kernel."  This  same  work 
has  been  carried  on  continuously  since  that  time,  and  although  several  publica- 
tions have  been  issued  in  the  meantime  bearing  upon  different  phases  of  the 
subject  of  corn  improvement  as  it  has  been  developed,  including  Bulletins  82,  87, 
100,  and  119,  there  has,  however,  been  no  complete  report  published  of  the  results 
obtained  in  the  progress  of  this  original  line  of  work  described  in  Bulletin 
No.  55. 

It  is  the  present  purpose  therefore  to  present  the  results  which  have  been  ob- 
tained, in  the  first  ten  generations,  in  improvement  in  composition  in  various  di- 
rections, namely,  for  high  protein,  for  low  protein,  for  high  oil  and  for  low  oil, 
of  the  single  variety  of  corn  from  which  these  four  different  strains  have  been 
produced,  and  which  is  known  as  "Illinois"  corn. 

Since  the  discovery  of  the  possibility  of  improving  corn  for  special  adaptation 
and  the  general  recognition  of  its  importance,  this  Station  has  extended  its 
work  to  other  standard  varieties  of  corn  best  adapted  to  different  sections  of  the 
state,  applying  the  methods  and  principles  worked  out  in  the  original  experi- 
ments with  the  "Illinois"  variety.  This  work  of  improving  the  other  standard 
varieties  both  for  yield  and  for  special  adaptation  is  being  carried  on  largely  in 
co-operation  with  seed  corn  breeders  of  the  state.  A  large  amount  of  data  re- 
lating to  this  later  work  has  already  accumulated,  but  it  is  proposed  to  reserve 
this  for  future  publication  rather  than  to  attempt  to  cover  in  this  report  all  of 
the  corn  breeding  work  now  in  progress  believing  that  such  a  division  of  the 
subject  will  allow  a  clearer  presentation. 

Inasmuch  as  the  editions  of  Bulletins  53  and  55  are  already  exhausted  and 
the  demand  for  the  information  contained  therein  is  still  unsatisfied,  it  is  pro- 
posed to  make  the  nature  of  this  report  as  complete  a  presentation  of  the  in- 
vestigation as  is  possible  without  making  too  great  repetition  of  material  al- 
ready published. 

For  several  years  Professor  Louie  H.  Smith  has  been  largely  responsible 
for  the  conduct  of  these  investigations,  valuable  assistance  having  also  been  ren- 
dered during  recent  years  by  Doctor  E.  M.  East,  now  agronomist  at  the  Con- 
necticut Experiment  Station,  Mr.  R.  W.  Stark,  now  chief  chemist  for  the  Cuban 
Experiment  Station,  Mr.  H.  H.  Love,  and  Mr.  C.  H.  Myers. 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING 

BY  LOUIE  H.  SMITH,  ASSISTANT  CHIEF  IN  PLANT  BREEDING 

IMPORTANCE  OF  CORN  IMPROVEMENT 

Aside  from  the  purely  scientific  interest  attached  to  this  work,  the 
practical  importance  of  improvement  of  corn  to  adapt  it  for  special 
purposes  as  well  as  for  increased  yield  is  now  becoming  generally 
recognized.  The  significance  of  improving  the  chemical  composi- 
tion of  corn  has  already  been  pointed  out  in  Bulletins  55,  82,  87, 
and  100  of  the  Illinois  Experiment  Station,  and  it  is  scarcely  neces- 
sary to  dwell  upon  this  phase  of  the  subject  further  than  to  refer 
briefly  to  some  of  the  demands  for  corn  improved  along  these  par- 
ticular lines. 

No  other  crop  is  made  to  serve  such  a  variety  of  purposes  as 
corn,  and  in  consideration  of  these  many  different  uses  is  suggested 
the  question  of  special  adaptation. 

Purpose  of  increasing  the  protein. — In  the  nutrition  of  man  and 
beast  protein  is  the  most  expensive  nutrient.  Of  all  of  our  Ameri- 
can food  stuffs  corn  is  the  cheapest,  because  of  its  economical  pro- 
duction. But  because  corn  does  not  contain  sufficient  protein  for 
most  purposes  of  feeding,  it  must  be  re-inforced  by  other  more  ex- 
pensive food  stuffs  in  order  to  obtain  the  proper  ratio  of  this  im- 
portant nutrient.  It  is  from  these  considerations  that  farmers,  and 
especially  stock  feeders,  recognize  the  importance  of  breeding  corn 
for  increase  of  protein  content. 

Purpose  of  decreasing  the  protein. — On  the  other  hand,  there 
is  a  demand  from  the  manufacturers  of  those  products  which  are 
derived  from  the  starch  of  corn  such  as  glucose,  gum,  dextrine, 
syrup,  and  alcohol,  for  a  corn  having  a  large  proportion  of  car- 
bohydrates and  not  so  rich  in  protein.  The  practical  effect  of  de- 
creasing the  percent  of  protein  is  to  increase  the  percent  of  starch; 
therefore,  for  such  purposes  there  should  be  a  place  on  the  market 
for  corn  which  is  bred  for  decrease  of  protein  content. 

Purpose  of  increasing  the  oil. — The  oil  of  corn  has  in  recent 
years  found  such  a  wide  commercial  use  that  under  the  present 
market  conditions,  it  has  become,  pound  for  pound,  by  far  the  most 
valuable  constituent  of  the  grain,  and  whereas  formerly  in  the  glu- 
cose factories  and  corn  mills  the  germs  containing  the  oil  were 

457 


453  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

almost  a  waste  product,  there  is  now  an  actual  demand  on  the  part 
of  these  industries  for  corn  which  is  richer  in  oil.  It  is  proposed 
to  meet  this  demand  by  breeding  corn  for  increase  of  oil  content. 

Purpose  of  decreasing  the  oil. — There  is  also  a  practical  use  for 
corn  with  a  low  oil  content.  It  has  been  found  by  investigation 
that  in  feeding  swine,  the  oil  in  the  corn  tends  to  produce  a  soft, 
flabby  quality  of  flesh  which  is  very  undesirable,  especially  for  our 
export  trade  where  the  demand  of  the  market  is  for  a  hard,  firm 
product.  A  remedy  for  this  lies  in  the  reduction  of  the  oil  content 
of  the  corn  which  is  fed.  Thus  here  we  have  a  very  important 
practical  object  for  breeding  corn  for  decrease  of  oil  content. 

These  special  purposes  mentioned  for  which  corn  is  being  im- 
proved suggest  the  possibility  of  many  others  demanded  by  the 
various  industries  which  utilize  the  corn  crop  and  which  require 
different  qualities  in  it. 

Corn  improvement  should,  of  course,  embrace  quantity  as  well 
as  quality  and  in  all  practical  work  of  selection  looking  toward  im- 
provement, the  matter  of  increased  yield  per  acre  should  be  given 
first  consideration.  Recognizing  the  importance  of  this  principle, 
the  methods  used  in  these  experiments  have  been  chosen  with  the 
view  of  maintaining  or  increasing  the  yield,  and  productiveness  is 
made  the  basis  of  the  first  selection,  even  sometimes  at  a  sacrifice 
in  percentage  of  the  desired  chemical  constituent. 

FUNDAMENTAL  PRINCIPLES 

Before  taking  up  this  work  of  the  improvement  of  corn  by 
systematic  selection  and  breeding,  it  was  necessary  to  make  a  pre- 
liminary study  of  the  subject  such  as  is  reported  by  Doctor  Hop- 
kins in  Bulletin  53  "Chemistry  of  the  Corn  Kernel."  In  this  study 
a  large  amount  of  valuable  knowledge  was  gained  which  bears  upon 
the  technical  side  of  the  work,  such  as  the  chemical  principles  in- 
volved and  the  laboratory  manipulations  upon  which  the  success  of 
the  entire  work  so  intimately  depends.  Further,  important  data 
were  obtained  from  which  were  derived  the  principles  of  selection 
upon  which  all  of  this  work  in  improvement  of  the  composition  of 
corn  is  based.  All  improvement  by  selection  and  breeding  depends, 
of  course,  upon  variation,  therefore  it  was  necessary  to  make  a  pre- 
liminary study  in  order  to  learn  how  corn  varies  with  respect  to  its 
composition.  As  the  result  of  such  an  investigation  the  following 
data  were  obtained : 

Analysis  of  parts  of  the  ear. — In  studying  this  question  30 
duplicate  analyses  were  first  made  on  different  parts  of  ears.  Five 
ears  were  divided  lengthwise  into  3  samples  each  in  the  following 


I90S.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


459 


manner:  If  the  ears  were  i2-ro\ved,  3  samples  of  4  consecutive 
rows  each  were  made;  if  i6-rowed,  3  samples  of  5  consecutive 
rows  each  were  made,  one  row  being  left,  etc.,  etc. 

Duplicate  analyses  of  15  samples  thus  prepared  from  5  different 
ears  gave  the  results  shown  in  Table  I.  The  different  ears  are  dis- 
tinguished by  the  letters  (a),  (b),  (c),  (d),  and  (e*). 


TABLE   i. — VARIATION  IN  COMPOSITION  IN   SAMPLES 

FROM  DIFFERENT  EARS 


FROM  THE  SAME  EAR  AND 


Sample  &  Ear. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Oil. 

Carbohydrates. 

1  (a) 

I  1.42 
|  1.43 

10.79 
10.75 

4.57 
4.58 

83.22 
8324 

2  (a) 

(  1.48 
|l.47 

10.97 
10.94 

4.54 
4.51 

83.01 
83.08  'iJt 

3  (a) 

j  1.50 
|  1.51 

10.66 
10.72 

4.53 
4.55 

83.31 
83.22 

4  (b) 

J1.S1 

11.52 

12.00 
11.98 

4.60 
4.59 

81.89 
81.91 

5  (b) 

j  1.49 
(  1.48 

12.01 
12.05 

4.57 
4.57 

81.93 
81.90 

6(b) 

j  1.48 
|  1.47 

12.19 
12  08 

4.85 
4.80 

81.48 
81.65 

7  (c)   * 

j  1.37 
1  1.37 

10.09 
10.10 

5.24 
5.17 

83.30 
83.36 

8  (c) 

|  1.31 
}  1.34 

10.14 
10.18 

5.08 
5.18 

83.47 
83.30 

9  (c) 

j  1.36 
(1.37 

10.15 
10.20 

5.20 

5.17 

83.29 
83.26 

10  (d) 

j  1  .  39 
}  1.38 

10.46 
10.46 

4.28 
4.29 

83.87 
83.87 

11  (d) 

|  1.43 
\  1  42 

10.25 
10.27 

4.22 
4.20 

84.10 
84.11 

12  (d) 

\  1.43 
}  1.45 

10.09 
10.06 

4.16 

4.15 

84.32 
84.34 

13  (e) 

\  1.34 
)  1.36 

11  19 
11.20 

4.80 
4.78 

82.67 
82.66 

14  (e) 

\  1.30 
1  1.28 

10.66 
10  62 

4.91 
4.89 

83.13 
83.21 

15  (e) 

j  1.36 
|  1.36 

10.81 
10.92 

4.83 
4.79 

83.00 
82.93 

460 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


These  results  indicate  uniformity  in  the  composition  of  differ- 
ent parts  of  the  ear.  The  following  shows  the  greatest  total  vari- 
ation in  the  6  single  determinations  of  each  constituent  in  any  one 
ear ;  and  also  the  total  variation  between  the  different  ears. 


Ash. 

Protein. 

Oil. 

Carbohydrates. 

In  any  single  ear. 

.09 

.58 

.28 

.55 

.24 

2.13 

1.09 

2.86 

Another  lot  of  five  ears  was  selected  and  each  of  these  was  di- 
vided crosswise  into  3  samples  of  approximately  equal  amounts, 
which  for  convenience  are  designated  "tip,"  "middle"  and  "butt," 
the  ears  being  lettered  (f),  (g),  (h),  (i)  and  (j).  The  results  of 
the  duplicate  analyses  are  given  in  Table  2. 

It  is  observed  that  in  every  case  the  tip  is  the  lowest  in  protein 
and  that  usually  the  middle  is  lower  than  the  butt,  the  average  total 
difference  in  the  ear  being  0.73  percent  and  the  widest  1.13  percent 
as  shown  in  the  total  variations  following  Table  2. 

The  variation  in  ash  and  oil  is  small  and  shows  no  such  pe- 
culiarity. The  carbohydrates,  being  determined  by  difference,  ap- 
pear, of  course,  as  the  complement  to  the  sum  of  the  .other  sub- 
stances and  show  in  the  opposite  direction  approximately  the  varia- 
tion of  the  most  variable  determinable  constituent. 

Partial  analyses  of  single  kernels. — For  the  work  on  ash  con- 
tent several  ears  of  corn  were  selected,  and  from  each  a  sample  of 
corn,  consisting  of  a  number  of  rows  of  kernels  and  believed  to 
fairly  represent  the  ear,  was  taken  and  its  percentage  of  ash  in  the 
dry  matter  determined.  Then  for  special  investigation  of  ash  con- 
tent of  single  kernels  four  ears  from  the  lot  were  chosen,  of  which 
two  were  high  and  two  low,  comparatively,  in  percentage  of 
ash  as  previously  determined.  From  each  ear  10  kernels  were 
selected  at  approximately  equal  distance  throughout  the  length  of 
the  ear,  the  kernels  being  numbered  from  I  to  10  and  the  order 
running  from  tip  to  butt.  The  data  from  the  ash  determination  in 
single  kernels  and  also  percentage  of  ash  in  the  large  sample  from 
the  same  ear  are  given  in  Table  3. 


1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


461 


TABLE  2.— VARIATION  IN  COMPOSITION  IN  BUTT,  MIDDLE  AND  TIP  PORTIONS  OF  THE 
SAME  EAR  AND  OF  DIFFERENT  EARS 


Sample  &  Ear. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

.   Oil. 

Carbohydrates. 

16  (f), 
Tip 

(  1.58 
I  1.59 

11.78 
11.76 

5.09 
5.10 

81.55 
81.55 

17  (f) 
Middle 

(  1.58 

?  1.57 

12.22 
12.26 

5.13 
5.03 

81.07 
81.14 

18  (f) 
Butt 

j  1.56 
(  1.58 

12.36 
12.42 

5.04 
5.03 

81.04 
80.97 

19  (g) 
Tip 

j  1.49 
|  1.49 

11.99 
11.97 

4.86 
4.84 

81.66 
81.70 

20  (g) 
Middle 

j  1.51 
i  1.51 

12.49 
12.49 

4.77 
4.76 

81.23 
81.24 

21  (g) 
Butt 

f  1.50 
11.51 

13.02 
13.10 

4.57 
4.59 

80.91 
80.80 

22  (h) 
Tip 

(  1.37 
(  1.35 

9.72 
9.67 

3.90 
3.93 

85.01 
85.05 

23  (h) 
Middle 

j  1.37 
\  1.35 

10  07 
10.08 

3.98 
3.97 

84.58 
84.60 

24  (h) 
Butt 

j  1.51 
]  1.49 

10.49 
10.46 

4.01 
4.00 

83.99 
84.05 

25  (i) 
Tip 

j  1.47 
(  1.48 

10.58 
10.61 

4.58 
4.60 

83.37 
83.31 

26  (i) 
Middle 

j  1.45 
(  1.44 

11.05 
11.03 

4.56 
4.60 

82,96 
82.93 

27  (i) 
Butt 

j  1.47 
\  1.48 

11.03 
1U.96 

4.48 
4.46 

83.02 
83.10 

28  (j) 
Tip 

j  1.77 
"I  1.74 

10.87 
10.78 

4.36 
4.37 

83.00 
83.11 

29  (j) 
Middle 

(  1.65 
I  1.62 

11.35 
11.31 

4.56 

4.58 

82.44 
82.49 

30  (j) 
Butt 

(  1.71 
(  1.72 

11.32 
11.28 

4.28 
4.29 

82.69 
82.71 

The  following  shows  the  total  variation : 


Ash. 

Protein. 

Oil. 

Carboh3'drates. 

In  any  single  ear.  .  .  . 

.16 

1  13 

.30 

1.06 

In  five  ears  

.42 

3  43 

1.23 

4.25 

462 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  3. — VARIATION  IN  ASH  CONTENT  IN  KERNELS  FROM  THE  SAME  EAR  AND 

FROM  DIFFERENT  EARS 


Kernel 
No. 

Ear  No.  1 

Ear  No.  2 

Ear  No.  3 

Ear  No.  4 

1 

1.50 

1.64 

1.10 

1.14 

2 

1.57 

1.64 

1.08 

1.23 

3 

1.61 

1.63 

1.09 

1.13 

4 

1.56 

1.65 

1.10 

1.17 

5 

1.67 

1.59 

1.07 

1.13 

6 

1.69 

1.63 

1.09 

1.22 

7 

1.71 

1.68 

1  07 

1.25 

8 

1.64 

1.65 

1.10 

1.19 

9 

1.64 

1.70 

1.21 

1.11 

10 

1.74 

1.60 

1.11 

1.10 

Composite 

1.73 

1.65 

1.10 

1.11 

of  ear 

These  results  confirm  those  of  the  previous  experiments  in  in- 
dicating uniformity  in  the  composition  of  the  ear  in  all  parts,  al- 
though, of  course,  slight  variations  are  found. 

In  the  work  on  the  protein  content  of  single  kernels,  5  ears, 
3  of  which  were  high  and  2  relatively  low  in  protein,  were  selected 
from  a  number  of  ears  in  a  manner  analogous  to  that  described  in 
the  previous  experiment.  In  Table  4  are  shown  the  results  of  these 
protein  determinations. 


TABLE  4. — VARIATION  IN  PROTEIN  CONTENT  IN  KERNELS  FROM  THE  SAME  EAR  AND 

FROM  DIFFERENT  EARS 


Kernel 
No. 

Ear  No.  1 

Ear  No.  2 

Ear  No.  3 

Ear  No.  4 

Ear  No.  5 

1 

12.46 

12.17 

11.53 

7t45 

7.72 

2 

12.54 

12.94 

12.32 

7.54 

8.41 

3 

12.44 

12.51 

12.19 

7.69 

8.37 

4 

12.50 

13'.  42 

12.54 

7.47 

8.31 

5 

12.30 

13.12 

12.14 

7.74 

8.02 

6 

12.49 

14.59 

12.95 

8.70 

8.76 

7 

12.50 

13.21 

12.84 

8.46 

8.89 

8 

12.14 

13  43 

8.69 

9.02 

9 

12.14 

13.16 

12!  04 

8.86 

8.96 

10 

12.71                14.05 

12.75 

8.10 

8.89 

Composite 
of  ear 

13.06 

13.87 

12.96 

7.59 

8.40 

igo8.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  463 

Here  in  the  protein  content,  as  in  the  case  of  the  ash,  we  find 
on  the  one  hand  comparative  uniformity  among  different  kernels 
of  a  single  ear  and  on  the  other,  marked  variation  among  different 
individual  ears. 

The  results  of  these  analyses  of  different  ears  from  a  single 
variety  together  with  analyses  of  different  parts  of  single  ears  es- 
tablish beyond  question  two  important  fundamental  facts  upon 
which  all  of  this  subsequent  work  of  selection  and  breeding  is 
founded. 

The  statement  of  these  facts  is  as  follows : 

(1)  The  car  of  corn  is  approximately  uniform  throughout  in 
the  chemical  composition  of  its  kernels. 

(2)  There  is  a  ivide  variation  in  the  chemical  composition  of 
different  ears  of  the  same  variety  of  corn. 

With  these  two  principles  established,  we  have  a  working  basis 
for  the  chemical*  selection  of  seed  corn.  With  uniformity  in  the 
individual  ear,  it  is  possible  to  determine  very  approximately  the 
composition  of  the  grain  by  analyzing  a  sample  consisting  of  a  few 
rows  of  kernels,  and  this  is  the  actual  practice  in  the  examination 
of  individual  ears.  If  the  ear  represented  by  this  sample  is  found 
to  be  desirable  for  seed,  the  remainder  of  the  kernels  of  the  ear 
may  then  be  planted. 

The  wide  variation  in  composition  between  different  ears  of 
the  same  variety  is  a  very  important  factor  in  the  selection  of  seed ; 
as  a  starting  point  is  thus  furnished  in  each  of  the  several  lines 
of  desired  improvement. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  this  principle  of  uniformity  within  the 
individual,  and  variation  as  between  different  individuals  within 
the  variety,  holds  not  only  for  the  chemical  composition  of  the 
kernel  but  it  applies  as  well  to  other  characteristics  such  as  the 
structure,  for  example,  and  whenever  any  such  characteristic  is  re- 
lated to  productiveness  or  other  utility  of  the  crop,  it  should  be 
taken  into  account  in  the  breeding. 

GENERAL  PLAN  OF  THE  EXPERIMENTS 

In  the  general  plan  of  these  experiments,  it  was  proposed  to 
determine  the  influence  upon  the  chemical  composition  of  corn  by 
selection  and  breeding  in  the  four  directions  namely,  (i)  for  in- 
crease of  protein  content,  (2)  for  decrease  of  protein  content,  (3) 
for  increase  of  oil  content,  (4)  for  decrease  of  oil  content. 

The  method  employed  was  as  follows : 


464  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

For  the  first  selection  a  large  number  of  ears  were  analyzed 
both  for  protein  and  for  oil.  In  the  high  protein  breeding,  for  ex- 
ample, the  24  ears  highest  in  protein  were  selected  for  seed  and 
planted  in  a  plot  isolated  from  other  sorts  of  corn,  each  ear  in  a 
separate  row. 

These  rows  were  harvested  separately  and  the  seed  for  the  next 
planting  was  selected  from  ears  of  this  crop  which  were  found  to 
be  highest  in  protein,  repeating  this  process  each  year.  The  breed- 
ing for  low  protein  and  for  high  oil  and  low  oil  was  conducted  on 
the  same  plan.  Under  this  system  each  selection  rapidly  gave  rise 
to  a  "pure"  strain.  As  each  original  ear  had  its  own  register  num- 
ber and  as  all  succeeding  ears  bore  corresponding  numbers  the  exact 
pedigree  of  each  row  (on  the  female  side)  was  at  all  times  fully 
known. 

This  general  method  has  been  maintained  from  the  beginning, 
although  some  minor  modifications  of  details  have  been  made  from 
time  to  time  during  the  progress  of  the  work  as  experience  indi- 
cated as  being  desirable  or  as  necessity  demanded. 

THE  BREEDING  PLOT 

The  size  of  the  breeding  plot  has  varied  in  the  different  plots 
and  in  the  different  years.  The  number  of  rows  included  in  any 
plot  is  always  given  in  the  plot  records. 

The  locations  of  these  breeding  plots  have  always  been  chosen 
with  reference  to  their  isolation  from  other  corn  fields  in  order  to 
prevent  cross  fertilization  from  other  kinds  of  corn.  It  is  quite 
difficult  with  so  many  corn  experiments  as  are  carried  on  at  this 
Experiment  Station  to  obtain  conditions  that  are  ideal  in  this  re- 
spect, but  by  taking  advantage  of  tall  hedge  rows,  and  other  bar- 
riers, prevailing  winds,  and  other  corn  fields  of  the  same  strain, 
there  has  been  but  slight,  if  any,  admixture  in  these  breeding  plots. 
A  system  of  alternating  the  locations  of  the  breeding  plots  of  the 
opposite  strains  has  been  carried  out.  For  example,  after  the  first 
two  years  the  locations  of  the  high-protein  and  the  low-protein 
plots  were  reversed ;  that  is  the  high-protein  plot  was  planted  on 
the  same  ground  that  the  low-protein  plot  had  occupied  the  two 
preceding  years  and  vice  versa.  After  two  years  more  these  plots 
were  shifted  back  to  their  original  locations.  The  high-oil  and 
low-oil  plots  were  managed  in  the  same  manner.  The  design  of 
this  alternation  of  location  of  the  plots  was  to  provide  something 
of  a  check  upon  the  possible  influence  of  soi.1  upon  the  composition 


/9o5.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  4-65 

of  the  crops.  The  plots  have  been  changed  to  other  locations  in 
later  years  but  this  system  of  alternating  has  been  maintained.  For 
each  of  these  breeding  plots  there  is  now  provided  a  double  area 
which  makes  possible  a  crop  rotation  system  including  clover  and 
other  legumes,  for  maintaining  the  productivity  of  the  land. 

CULTURAL  CONDITIONS 

The  cultural  methods,  including  the  preparation  and  cultiva- 
tion of  the  soil,  planting,  harvesting,  and  handling 'of  the  crop  on 
these  breeding  plots  have  been  such  as  is  considered  good  practice 
in  ordinary  corn  growing.  The  seed  has  always  been  planted  in 
hills  in  preference  to  drills.  The  present  practice  is  to  plant  the 
hills  three  feet  apart  each  way  and  to  allow  two  stalks  to  the  hill. 

Attention  is  paid  to  the  matter  of  preventing  the  distribution 
of  pollen  from  weak,  barren  or  otherwise  undesirable  plants  by  de- 
tasseling  all  such  plants  at  the  proper  time. 

After  discovering  the  great  advantage  to  be  gained  by  the 
method  of  detasseling  alternate  rows  and  taking  seed  only  from 
such  detasseled  rows,  as  pointed  out  in  Bulletin  100,  this  system 
has  been  applied  to  all  of  our  regular  breeding  plots. 

The  method  of  harvesting  has  been  that  of  cutting  and  curing 
in  the  shock. 

SAMPLING  AND  SELECTING 

In  the  earlier  years  of  the  experiments  a  sample  from  each  of 
all  of  the  rows  was  reserved  by  selecting  a  certain  number  of  the 
choicest  ears  as  judged  from  their  physical  appearance.  But  as 
the  possibility  of  improvement  became  more  clearly  established,  a 
system  was  adopted  by  which  seed  ears  for  the  next  year's  plant- 
ing are  taken  only  from  those  rows  which  prove  to  be  most  pro- 
ductive as  determined  by  the  weight  of  ear  corn  produced,  all  other 
rows  of  the  plot  being  rejected  as  a  source  of  seed,  and  since  the 
introduction  of  the  system  of  detasseling  alternate  rows,  only  the 
best  of  the  detasseled  or  "dam"  rows  have  been  selected.  This 
method  of  selecting  the  choicest  ears  to  represent  the  plot-row  has 
been  followed  throughout  the  work  although  details  of  the  system 
as  regards  the  number  of  ears  taken  have  been  somewhat  modified 
in  the  different  years,  as  will  appear  in  connection  with  the  data 
which  follow  in  the  appendix. 

The  ears,  thus  chosen  on  account  of  their  physical  superiority, 
are  then  subjected  to  chemical  analysis  and  from  the  results  of 
these  analyses  is  made  the  final  selection  of  seed  for  the  succeed- 
ing season. 


466  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

In  the  sampling  for  these  analyses  two  rows  of  kernels  are  taken 
lengthwise  of  the  ear  to  represent  the  composition  of  the  individual 
ear.  At  the  same  time  composite  samples  to  represent  the  selected 
plot-rows  are  taken  by  mixing  together  one  row  of  kernels  from 
each  selected  ear  of  the  respective  plot-rows.  Each  seed  ear  thus 
selected  is  given  a  permanent  "Register  Number"  which  designates 
that  ear  for  all  future  reference. 

REGISTERING 

By  our  system  of  numbering  the  "Register  Number"  shows  at 
the  same  time  the  number  of  the  ear  and  the  generation  of  the 
breeding.  This  is  done  by  starting  the  first  year  in  the  100  series 
numbering  the  ears  to  be  planted  in  succession  from  101,  and  the 
second  generation  starting  with  the  200  series  running  up  from 
20 1  and  so  on,  starting  each  succeeding  year  of  the  breeding  with 
a  higher  hundred.  Thus  Ear  No.  1018  shows  that  this  ear  belongs 
to  the  tenth  generation  and  was  planted  in  row  18  of  the  breeding 
plot  of  that  year.  The  "Dam  No."  is  the  register  number  of  the 
parent  ear  and  is  useful  in  tracing  the  pedigree  record  from  year 
to  year.  The  "Annual  Ear  No."  is  simply  a  temporary  number 
given  to  each  ear  to  be  used  during  examination  for  selection  and 
as  soon  as  the  selection  of  the  seed  ears  has  been  determined  and 
the  arrangement  for  planting  has  been  decided  the  ears  are  given 
their  permanent  register  numbers. 

A  description  of  the  physical  as  well  as  the  chemical  character- 
istics of  all  the  seed  ears  is  kept  on  record  including  length  of  ear, 
tip  circumference  of  ear,  butt  circumference  of  ear,  number  of 
rows  of  kernels,  number  of  kernels  in  row,  weight  of  ear,  weight 
of  cob,  tip  circumference  of  cob,  and  butt  circumference  of  cob. 
Besides  this  numerical  description  a  photograph  record  is  also  kept 
of  every  ear  planted. 

The  performance  record  of  each  seed  ear  is  shown  by  the 
weight  and  number  of  ears  produced  as  well  as  the  average  com- 
position of  its  progeny. 

For  a  more  detailed  description  of  the  system  of  registry  used 
in  our  corn  breeding  work  the  reader  is  referred  to  Bulletin  100. 

VARIETY 

The  variety  of  corn  selected  for  this  investigation  was  one  of 
medium  size  and  of  safe  maturity  for  this  latitude.  It  has  been 
grown  upon  the  Experiment  Station  farm  every  year  since  1887. 
Previous  to  that  time  it  had  been  carefully  grown  for  several  years 


/po<?.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  467 

by  Mr.  F.  E.  Burr  of  Champaign  county,  and  it  was  known  locally 
as  Burr's  White;  and  this  name  was  used  in  our  records  until 
1903,  when  it  was  decided  to  change  the  name  to  ''Illinois."  The 
fact  that  these  strains  of  corn  are  no  longer  typical  Burr's  White, 
and  the  fact  that  this  corn  was  carefully  grown  for  several  years 
prior  to  1896  by  the  Illinois  Experiment  Station  and  that  since  that 
time  it  has  been  most  carefully  bred  by  this  Station  for  improve- 
ment in  both  yield  and  quality,  so  that  there  have  been  developed 
from  this  variety  four  different  strains  of  corn  each  of  which  has  an 
established  pedigree  now  covering  ten  generations, — these  facts 
have  seemed  to  justify  giving  this  corn  a  name  which  shall  be  dis- 
tinctive and  which  shall  also  show  its  Illinois  breeding;  and  now 
it  is  known  in  the  records  and  publications  of  the  Illinois  Ex- 
periment Station  as  "Illinois"  corn,  the  four  different  strains  being 
designated  as : 

1.  "Illinois  High-Protein." 

2.  "Illinois  Low-Protein." 

3.  "Illinois  High-Oil." 

4.  "Illinois  Low-Oil." 

FIRST  SELECTION  OP  SEED 

From  the  1896  crop  of  Burr's  White  corn  grown  upon  the  Ex- 
periment Station  farm  about  two  bushels  (163  ears)  of  good  sound 
ear  corn  suitable  for  seed  were  taken.  From  each  ear  a  sample 
consisting  of  three  rows  of  kernels  lengthwise  of  the  ear  was  taken 
for  analysis.  The  results  of  these  analyses  are  given  in  the  first 
table  of  the  appendix  (Table  15).  The  data  obtained  show  re- 
markable variation  in  the  relative  proportions  of  the  different  con- 
stituents. The  ash  varies  from  i.io  to  1.74  percent,  the  protein 
from  8.25  to  13.87  percent,  the  oil  from  3.84  to  6.02  percent  and 
the  carbohydrates  from  78.92  to  85.70  percent.  This  is  a  good  il- 
lustration of  the  variation  in  composition  existing  among  individual 
ears  of  the  same  variety  and  indicates  something  of  the  possibili- 
ties for  selection. 

According  to  these  variations  there  were  taken  from  the  163 
ears  four  groups, — (i)  a  set  of  twenty-four  ears  whose  percentage 
of  protein  was  comparatively  high,  (2)  a  set  of  twelve  ears  each 
of  which  contained  a  low  percentage  of  protein,  (3)  a  set  of 
twenty-four  ears  high  in  oil  content,  (4)  a  set  of  twelve  ears  low 
in  oil  content. 

These  ears  were  taken  as  indicated  in  the  last  two  columns  of 
Table  15,  for  the  seed  with  which  to  start  the  four  respective  breed- 
ing plots. 


468 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


It  is  believed  that  the  interest  in  this  investigation  is  such  as 
to  demand  the  publication  of  a  complete  record  of  the  results  in 
detail,  but  this  data  forms  such  a  mass  of  material  as  to  make  it 
seem  advisable  to  place  it  in  an  appendix  to  this  bulletin  and  to 
summarize  here  only  the  yearly  averages  which  show  very  well  the 
general  results  of  the  work.  The  reader  who  may  be  interested  in 
further  detail  of  the  experiments  at  any  point  is  therefore  referred 
to  the  appendix  (pages  489  to  575)  where  will  be  found  the  com- 
plete data  recorded  in  systematic  arrangement.  (If  not  attached 
to  this  copy,  the  appendix  will  be  sent  upon  request). 

BREEDING  TO  INFLUENCE  THE  PROTEIN  CONTENT 

In  order  to  obtain  a  general  survey  of  these  experiments  to  in- 
fluence the  protein  content  of  corn  the  following  table  is  compiled 
from  the  general  averages  obtained  each  generation  from  the  cor- 
responding tables  given  in  the  appendix : 

TABLE  5. — TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  BREEDING  CORN  FOR  INCREASE  AND  DECREASE  OF 

PROTEIN 


Year 

High-protein  plot, 
average  percent  protein. 

L/ow-protein  plot, 
average  percent  protein. 

Difference 
between 
crops, 
percent. 

In  seed, 
planted. 

In  crop 
harvested. 

In  seed 
planted. 

In  crop 
harvested. 

1896 

10.92 

10.92 

.00 

1897 

12.54 

11.10 

8.96 

10.55 

'.55 

1898 

12.49 

11.05 

9.06 

10.55 

.50 

1899 

13.06 

11.46 

8.45 

9.86 

1.60 

1900 

13.74 

12.32 

8.08 

9.34 

2  98 

1901 

14.78 

14  12 

7.58 

10.04 

4.08 

1902 

15.39 

12.34 

8.15 

8.22 

4.12 

1903 

14.30 

13.04 

6.93 

8.62 

4.42 

1904 

15.39 

15.03 

7.00 

9.27 

5.76 

1905 

16.77 

14.72 

7.09 

8.57 

6.15 

1906 

16.30 

14.26 

7.21 

8.64 

5.62 

From  this  arrangement  of  the  data  we  may  compare  the  re- 
sults of  the  different  seasons  and  at  the  same  time  observe  the  rela- 
tions between  the  two  plots,  thereby  enabling  us  to  follow  the 
progress  of  the  breeding  from  year  to  year. 

Starting  with  the  crop  of  1896  with  an  average  protein  content 
of  10.92  percent,  as  represented  by  the  original  163  ears,  the  aver- 
age of  the  seed  ears  selected  for  the  high-protein  plot  of  1897  was 
12.54  percent  while  at  the  same  time  low-protein  seed  ears  were 


1908.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  469 

selected  which  averaged  8.96  percent.  The  crop  harvested  from 
the  high-protein  plot  in  1897  gave  an  average  of  11.10  percent  of 
protein  while  the  average  of  the  corresponding  low-protein  plot 
was  10.55  percent.  Then  selecting  again  the  highest-protein  ears 
out  of  this  year's  crop  from  the  high-protein  plot,  seed  for  the  fol- 
lowing year  was  obtained  which  averaged  12.49  percent.  Selecting 
the  lowest  protein  ears  from  the  low-protein  plot,  the  seed  for  this 
plot  in  1898  averaged  9.06  percent. 

Repeating  this  process  each  year  the  effect  has  been  in  a  gen- 
eral way  to  gradually  increase  or  decrease  the  protein  content  in 
the  corn  according  to  the  selection. 

In  glancing  over  the  records  there  are  a  few  irregularities  to 
be  seen.  Comparing  the  results  of  the  season  of  1898  with  that  of 
the  preceding  year  we  seem  to  have  lost  a  little  ground  in  the  high- 
protein  breeding,  and  in  the  low-protein  plot  there  was  no  advance 
made. 

The  next  year  however,  following  a  more  favorable  seed  selec- 
tion in  each  case,  good  gains  were  made  in  both  directions  in  1899, 
and  the  same  is  true  of  the  year  1900. 

In  1901  the  results  are  abnormal  and  here  we  have  a  striking 
illustration  of  the  effect  which  may  be  produced  by  the  climatic 
conditions  of  the  season  upon  the  composition  of  the  crop.  This 
year  the  protein  rises  abnormally  high  in  the  high-protein  crop 
gaining  1.8  percent  over  that  of  the  year  before  and  in  the  low- 
protein  crop,  instead  of  getting  the  expected  decrease  this  year  the 
protein  content  rises  to  over  ten  percent,  thus  reverting  back  to  a 
point  higher  than  it  had  been  for  two  generations.  The  season  of 
1901  was  an  extremely  dry  one  and  from  the  lack  of  sufficient  mois- 
ture much  of  the  corn  did  not  properly  "fill  out."  In  the  forma- 
tion of  the  kernel  the  proportion  of  protein  is  greatest  in  the 
younger  stages  of  growth  and  this  proportion  gradually  diminishes 
as  the  carbohydrates  are  deposited.  If  the  conditions  are  such  that 
this  deposition  of  carbohydrates  is  checked,  as  they  were  this  sea- 
son, the  corn  comes  to  maturity  with  an  abnormally  large  propor- 
tion of  protein. 

In  the  case  of  the  high-protein  plot  the  damaging  effect  of  this 
drouth  was  so  pronounced  as  to  render  the  crop  almost  a  total 
failure.  The  yield  of  ear  corn  amounted  to  only  about  six  bushels 
per  acre  and  consisted  mostly  of  mere  nubbins.  On  account  of  the 
scarcity  of  ears,  it  was  impossible  to  follow  the  regular  system  of 
sampling,  so  the  entire  product  from  each  plot-row  was  collected 
and  all  of  the  sound  ears  and  even  many  nubbins  were  selected  for 


470  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

analysis  in  order  to  obtain  the  results  of  the  year  and  to  get  any 
sort  of  seed  with  which  to  maintain  the  experiment.  The  com- 
posite samples  representing  the  high-protein  crop  are  therefore  not 
obtained  from  the  best  twenty  ears  from  each  plot-row  according 
to  the  regular  system  but  they  were  taken  from  all  of  the  corn  fit 
to  analyze  from  each  row.  Thus  there  were  altogether  only  60  in- 
dividual ears  from  which  only  five  were  chosen  for  seed  as  being 
fit  to  plant.  Fortunately  it  was  possible  to  supplement  these  with 
some  seed  ears  from  our  "Special  High-protein"  plot  which  was 
being  carried  on  for  another  experiment  but  which  was  planted 
from  the  same  strain  as  the  regular  high-protein  plot  so  that  these 
ears  could  be  substituted  without  disturbing  the  pedigree  record. 
The  low-protein  plot  did  not  suffer  so  badly  from  the  drouth,  so, 
that  here  the  sampling  and  selection  were  made  as  usual. 

During  the  season  of  1902  the  climatic  conditions  as  regards 
rainfall  were  just  the  opposite  to  those  of  the  previous  year  and 
we  observe  in  the  results  obtained  precisely  the  opposite  effect. 
With  the  very  wet  season  this  year  we  have  a  great  diminution  of 
protein  content  in  the  corn  in  the  high-protein  as  well  as  in  the 
low-protein  plot. 

This  seasonal  condition  which  seems  to  have  such  a  marked  in- 
fluence upon  the  composition  of  the  corn  is  quite  significant.  The 
season  of  1901  was  very  dry  and  it  was  attended  by  an  abnormally 
high  protein  content  in  all  the  corn  examined  that  year.  The 
season  of  1902  was  unusually  wet  and  the  general  tendency  was 
to  produce  corn  low  in  protein.  These  results  are  in  accordance 
with  those  of  other  investigations,  particularly  in  irrigation  experi- 
ments where  it  has  been  observed  that  the  quantity  of  water  sup- 
plied has  a  direct  influence  upon  the  composition  of  corn,  wheat, 
and  oats,  the  protein  content  of  the  grain  decreasing  as  the  water 
supply  increases.  These  results  support  what  seems  to  be  a  general 
principle  namely,  that  a  lack  of  moisture  tends  to  increase  the  pro- 
portion of  protein  and  abundance  of  moisture  reduces  it,  due,  of 
course,  to  the  effect  of  water  supply  upon  carbohydrate  formation. 

With  a  fairly  normal  season  in  1903  the  high-protein  crop  made 
a  notable  advance,  but  the  low-protein  in  spite  of  the  extremely  low 
content  of  the  seed  this  year  did  not  go  down  to  the  point  attained 
in  the  low-protein  season  of  the  previous  year,  and  in  fact  we  have 
never  been  able  since  to  bring  it  back  to  the  extremely  low  point 
reached  that  year. 

The  season  of  1904  appears  to  have  been  another  one  favorable 
to  the  production  of  protein,  for  the  high-protein  plot  made  a  gain 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  471 

of  two  percent  this  year  and  reached  its  maximum  figure,  15.03 
percent,  a  point  which  has  not  since  been  attained.  The  low- 
protein  plot  shows  a  similar  effect,  for  instead  of  decreasing  this 
year,  it  goes  up  to  9.27  the  highest  average  percentage  in  the  last 
five  generations  of  the  breeding. 

In  1905  as  might  be  expected  the  content  in  the  high-protein 
crop  was  not  so  high  as  in  the  preceding  high-protein  season.  In 
the  low-protein  plot  a  good  gain  was  made  this  year  for  low- 
protein. 

In  1906  the  percentage  in  the  high-protein  was  still  lower  than 
in  1905  while  in  the  low-protein  crop,  the  percentage  was  a  little 
higher  than  in  the  year  before  although  the  difference  is  not  great. 

The  figures  in  the  last  column  of  the  table  showing  the  differ- 
ence between  the  percentages  of  protein  in  the  two  crops  produced 
each  year  are  perhaps  most  instructive  because  they  show  the  real 
progress  attained  in  the  breeding.  They  enable  us  to  appreciate 
more  fully  the  scientific  value  of  breeding  for  high  protein  and  low 
protein  simultaneously  and  thereby  obtaining  a  control  upon  the 
work  which  serves  to  eliminate  the  question  as  to  the  effect  of 
seasonal  tendencies  in  either  direction. 

These  figures  practically  show  a  continuously  increasing  separa- 
tion between  the  high-protein  and  the  low-protein  strains  as  the 
breeding  advances  up  to  1906  so  that  with  the  exception  of  two 
slight  regressions,  whether  the  tendency  of  the  season  has  been 
toward  the  production  of  high-protein  corn  or  low-protein  corn, 
the  force  of  an  hereditary  influence  is  demonstrated  always  to  have 
been  in  operation. 

It  is  to  be  recognized  of  course  that  there  are  practical  limits 
both  maximum  and  minimum  to  which  this  matter  can  be  carried 
and  we  should  expect  to  finally  reach  a  state  where  we  would  in- 
terfere with  the  normal  physiological  functions  of  the  seed. 

As  to  whether  this  last  year's  result  in  which  no  more  gain  was 
made  in  the  difference  between  the  high  and  low,  is  to  be  taken  as 
indicating  that  we  have  reached  these  limits  cannot  yet  be  posi- 
tively decided.  It  seems  scarcely  probable  that  with  seed  still  un- 
impaired in  vitality  and  developing  into  normal  healthy  plants  fur- 
nishing otherwise  normal  crops  that  the  ultimate  limits  should  be 
at  hand.  It  is  proposed  still  to  keep  up  the  selection  along  these 
lines  and  the  outcome  of  the  next  few  years  will  be  awaited  with 
interest. 

The  results  of  these  experiments  thus  far  show  that  starting 
with  a  single  variety  of  corn,  it  has  been  possible  in  ten  generations 


472  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

by  these  methods  of  selection  and  breeding  to  increase  the  protein 
content  from  10.92  percent  in  the  original  to  14.26  percent,  thus 
making  a  gain  of  3.34  percent,  and  at  the  same  time  by  breeding  in 
the  opposite  direction  it  has  been  possible  to  reduce  the  protein  con- 
tent from  10.92  percent  to  8.64  percent,  making  a  reduction  of 
2.28  percent,  thus  producing  a  total  difference  between  the  two 
strains  of  5.62  percent.  In  other  words  the  composition  of  this 
variety  of  corn  has  been  so  modified  that  two  strains  have  been 
developed,  one  of  which  is  now  nearly  twice  as  rich  in  protein  as 
the  other. 

MIXED-PROTEIN  PLOT 

In  order  to  eliminate  the  question  as  to  whatever  influence  the 
soil  might  exert  on  the  protein  content  of  the  corn  an  experiment 
was  undertaken  in  which  high-protein  and  low-protein  seed  were 
planted  together  in  one  plot,  our  so-called  "Mixed-Protein  Plot," 
where  the  two  strains  must  develop  under  identical  surrounding 
conditions. 

The  description  and  results  of  the  first  year  of  this  experiment 
are  given  in  Bulletin  55.  The  first  year  this  mixed-protein  plot 
contained  five  rows  of  ten  hills  each.  In  each  hill  were  planted  two 
kernels  of  high-protein  corn  on  one  side  and  two  kernels  of  low- 
protein  on  the  opposite  side  in  such  manner  that  the  resulting  plants 
could  be  identified. 

When  the  crop  was  harvested  eight  to  ten  ears  were  selected 
from  each  kind  of  corn  from  each  row  and  from  these  ears  com- 
posite samples  were  made  for  analysis.  These  analyses  showed 
that  the  average  protein  content  of  the  corn  from  the  high-protein 
seed  was  invariably  higher  than  in  that  produced  from  the  low- 
protein  seed. 

This  same  experiment  was  repeated  in  a  somewhat  larger  plot 
in  1899  and  also  m  1900.  (See  Tables  96,  97  and  98  in  the  ap- 
pendix for  details). 

The  differences  in  protein  content  between  the  crops  from  high- 
protein  and  low-protein  seed  were  1.25  percent  in  1898,  2.58 
percent  in  1899,  and  2.86  percent  in  1900. 

Besides  these  composite  samples  there  were  analyzed  from  the 
mixed-protein  plot  of  1899,  J37  pairs  of  ears  in  which  each  pair 
consisted  of  an  ear  produced  from  a  high-protein  kernel  and  one 
from  a  low-protein  kernel  and  growing  together  in  the  same  hill. 
The  results  of  these  analyses  are  given  in  Table  99  of  the  appendix 
and  they  show  an  average  difference  of  2.58  percent  to  be  attributed 
positively  to  the  mfluence  of  the  seed  selection.  But  with  still 
further  interest,  it  is  to  be  noted  that  among  these  137  different 


I9o8.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


473 


pairs,  there  are  only  ten  cases  in  which  the  higher  percentage  of 
protein  is  not  found  in  the  ear  produced  from  the  high-protein  ker- 
nel. The  most  notable  of  these  exceptions  occurs  in  case  of  Row 
No.  2,  Hill  No.  n  where  the  low-protein  kernel  produced  an  ear 
3.73  percent  higher  in  protein  than  the  ear  resulting  from  the  high- 
protein  kernel.  However,  these  abnormal  individual  variations  are 
to  be  expected  and  they  have*  frequently  been  observed  throughout 
all  of  these  experiments. 

The  results  of  these  experiments  with  the  mixed-protein  plots 
during  these  three  different  years  establish  beyond  question  the  fact 
that  the  protein  content  of  the  corn  crop  is  influenced  directly  by 
the  seed  planted,  independently  of  soil,  seasonal,  or  cultural  con- 
ditions. 

BREEDING  TO  INFLUENCE  THE  OIL  CONTENT 

Summarizing  the  results  of  the  ten  generations  of  breeding  to 
influence  the  oil  content  in  the  same  manner  as  we  have  considered 
the  protein  breeding,  there  are  brought  together  from  the  detailed 
records  in  the  appendix  the  general  yearly  averages  of  the  high-oil 
and  low-oil  plots  as  arranged  in  Table  6. 

TABLE  6. — TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  BREEDING  CORN  FOR  INCREASE  AND  DECREASE  OF 

OIL 


Year. 

High-oil  plot, 
average  percent  oil. 

Low-oil  plot, 
average  percent  oil. 

Difference 
between 

crops, 

In  seed 

In  crop 

In  seed 

In  crop 

percent. 

planted. 

harvested. 

planted. 

harvested. 

1896 

4.70 

.4.70 

.00 

1897 

5.39 

4.73 

4^03 

4.06 

.67 

1898 

5.20 

5.15 

3.65 

3.99 

1.16 

1899 

6.15 

5.64 

3.47 

3.82 

1.82 

1900 

6.30 

6.12 

3.33 

3.57 

2.55 

1901 

6.77 

6.09 

2.93 

3.43 

2.66 

1902 

6.95 

6.41 

3.00 

3.02 

3.39 

1903 

6.73 

6.50 

2.62 

2.97 

3.53 

1904 

7.16 

6.97 

2.80 

2.89 

4.08 

1905 

7.88 

7.29 

2.67 

2.58 

4.71 

1906 

7.86 

7.37 

2.20 

2.66 

4.71 

The  results  show  that  the  response  to  selection  for  oil  has  been 
even  more  pronounced  and  more  regular  than  that  for  protein  as 
indicated  by  the  total  relative  increase  and  decrease  and  by  the 
changes  from  year  to  year. 

In  the  percentages  representing  the  crop  produced  each  year  in 
the  high-oil  plot  there  has  been  with  but  one  exception,  namely,  in 


474  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

1901,  a  constant  increase  in  oil  content  as  the  breeding  proceeds. 
Likewise  in  the  low-oil  plot  there  has  been  a  steady  decrease  from 
year  to  year  with  the  single  exception  of  the  last  year. 

We  have  noted  the  marked  effect  which  the  abundance  or  scarc- 
ity of  moisture  may  have  upon  the  protein  content  of  corn,  and  in 
these  experiments  the  oil  content  appears  also  to  be  susceptible  to 
some  peculiar  seasonal  conditions.  What  these  conditions  are  have 
not  been  determined,  but  that  they  exist  is  made  apparent  if  we 
compare  the  increase  and  decrease  in  the  percentage  of  oil  in  each 
generation  in  the  two  plots.  It  would  appear  as  though  certain 
seasons  were  particularly  favorable  to  the  production  of  oil,  while 
other  seasons  may  be  normal  or  unfavorable  in  this  respect.  This 
effect  is  particularly  apparent  in  the  first  two  years  of  the  breed- 
ing; thus,  the  season  of  1897  seems  to  have  been  very  unfavorable, 
while  the  season  of  1898  appears  to  have  been  very  favorable,  to 
the  production  of  oil. 

From  the  last  column  in  the  table  which  shows,  by  the  differ- 
ences in  percentage  between  the  high-oil  and  the  low-oil  crops  each 
year,  the  real  progress  accomplished  by  the  breeding,  we  see  that 
there  has  been  a  continuously  increasing  difference  between  the  per- 
centages of  oil  in  the  corn  from  the  two  plots  up  to  the  tenth  year 
where  this  difference  remains  stationary.  The  high-oil  corn  has 
increased  from  4.70  percent  to  7.37  percent  of  oil,  and  the  low-oil 
corn  has  decreased  from  4.70  to  2.66  percent,  the  difference  be- 
tween the  two  strains  having  grown  from  nothing  in  1896  to  4.71 
percent  in  1905.  Curiously  enough  the  oil  breeding  resembles  the 
protein  in  the  fact  that  there  is  constant  progress  indicated  until 
the  tenth  year  when  in  each  case  this  progression  ceases.  In  the 
protein  experiments  it  will  be  recalled  that  the  figures  in  this  "dif- 
ference column"  show  actually  a  slight  regression  in  the  tenth  year 
while  here  in  the  oil  breeding  the  differences  between  the  averages 
of  the  high-oil  and  low-oil  crop  stands  exactly  stationary  in  the 
last  two  years. 

As  has  already  been  remarked  in  the  discussion  of  the  protein 
breeding  results,  it  would  be  rash  to  decide  at  this  time  from  these 
figures  that  the  limits  to  which  the  breeding  can  be  carried  are 
now  determined. 

Summarizing  the  results  of  the  ten  years'  experiments  to  in- 
fluence the  oil  content  into  one  general  statement  we  may  say  that 
starting  with  a  single  variety  of  corn  and  breeding  in  the  two  op- 
posite directions,  there  has  been  a  constantly  widening  separation 
between  the  two  strains  as  the  breeding  advances  until  finally  after 
ten  generations  there  have  been  produced  two  kinds  of  corn,  one 
of  which  is  almost  three  times  as  rich  in  oil  as  the  other. 


1908.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  475 

MIXED-OIL  PLOT 

In  order  to  eliminate  any  question  of  the  influence  of  the  soil 
upon  the  oil  content  in  these  experiments,  a  third  plot  was  planted 
called  the  "mixed-oil  plot,"  after  the  plan  of  the  "mixed-protein 
plot"  already  described  under  that  heading.  In  1898  there  were 
planted  in  this  plot  50  hills  arranged  in  five  rows  of  ten  hills  each. 
In  each  hill  two  kernels  of  high-oil  corn  were  planted  on  one  side 
and  two  of  low-oil  on  the  opposite  side  and  when  the  crop  was  har- 
vested composite  samples  were  made  to  represent  the  corn  of  each 
side  of  the  row. 

This  same  experiment  was  repeated  in  1899  and  also  in  1900 
the  details  being  given  in  Tables  100,  101  and  102  of  the  appendix. 

From  the  results  it  is  to  be  noticed  that  never  in  any  of  the 
rows  has  the  percentage  of  oil  in  the  crop  of  the  low-oil  side  ap- 
proached that  of  the  high-oil  side.  In  1898  the  average  difference 
in  oil  content  in  the  corn  resulting  from  the  two  kinds  of  seed  was 
1. 1 1  percent,  in  1899  it  was  1.35  percent  and  in  1900  it  was  1.97 
percent. 

From  the  mixed-oil  plot  of  1899  there  were  taken  besides  these 
composite  samples  85  pairs  of  individual  ears  in  which  each  pair 
consists  of  one  car  produced  from  a  high-oil  seed  kernel  and  one 
from  a  low-oil  kernel,  both  ears  from  plants  growing  in  the  same 
hill.  Each  of  these  individual  ears  was  sampled  and  analyzed  and 
these  results  are  given  in  Table  103  of  the  appendix. 

The  average  of  all  of  the  individual  ears  from  high-oil  seed  is 
5.22  percent  and  from  low-oil  seed  it  is  3.82  percent.  But  the  point 
of  most  interest,  perhaps,  in  connection  with  this  table  is  the  regu- 
larity with  which  the  oil  content  of  the  crop  responds  to  that  of  the 
seed  planted,  for  among  the  85  pairs  there  are  only  four  cases  in 
which  the  oil  in  the  ear,  resulting  from  low-oil  seed  happens  to 
surpass  in  percentage  that  from  the  high-oil  seed. 

The  results  of  these  three  years'  experiments  with  the  mixed-oil 
plot  are  all  in  accordance  and  they  establish  beyond  dispute  the  pos- 
sibility of  influencing  the  oil  content  of  corn  by  the  selection  of  the 
seed,  showing  conclusively  that  heredity  has  been  responsible  for 
the  results  obtained  quite  independent  of  soil,  climatic  or  cultural 
conditions. 


476  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

SECONDARY  EFFECTS  PRODUCED  BY  SELECTION  TO 
CHANGE  THE  COMPOSITION  OF  THE  GRAIN 

As  is  always  the  case  in  investigations  of  this  sort,  the  work 
had  not  proceeded  far  before  a  multitude  of  interesting  side  ques- 
tions arose,  inviting  investigation  in  all  directions  from  the  main 
issue.  What  secondary  effects  are  produced  by  this  intense  selec- 
tion for  these  special  chemical  characteristics  ?  What,  for  example, 
is  the  effect  of  changing  the  proportion  of  protein  in  the  grain  upon 
the  other  constituents?  How  is  the  composition  of  other  parts  of 
the  plant  affected?  What  influence  has  it  upon  the  physical  type 
of  the  kernel  and  of  the  ear?  And,  what  is  of  especially  practical 
importance,  how  is  the  yield  affected? 

Having  established  the  possibility  of  influencing  the  composi- 
tion of  the  kernel  in  this  way  by  several  years  of  breeding  and  after 
having  actually  produced  the  different  kinds  of  corn  to  work  with, 
it  became  possible  to  take  up  the  study  of  some  of  these  important 
secondary  effects.  The  results  of  the  investigation  of  some  of  these 
questions  are  given  in  the  following  pages. 

EFFECT  ON  THE  COMPOSITION  OF  OTHER  PARTS  OF  THE  PLANT 

After  the  breeding  plots  had  been  under  way  for  five  years  and 
marked  changes  had  been  produced,  a  study  was  begun  to  ascer- 
tain how  the  composition  of  other  parts  of  the  plant  was  being  af- 
fected by  altering  that  of  the  grain. 

Beginning  in  1903,  there  have  been  collected  every  year  at  har- 
vest time  representative  plants  from  each  of  the  four  "Illinois" 
breeding  plots.  These  plants  were  divided  in  the  following  manner 
into  three  parts,  namely,  upper-stalk,  lower-stalk,  and  leaves.  The 
leaves  were  first  stripped  off  from  the  stalks  and  these,  including 
the  husks,  constituted  the  sample  designated  here  as  "leaves." 
Then  at  the  joint  where  the  ear  was  borne,  the  stalk  was  divided 
and  the  part  below  this  point  comprised  the  sample  called  "lower- 
stalk,"  and  all  above  including  the  tassel,  made  up  the  sample  des- 
ignated as  "upper-stalk." 

It  may  be  observed  that  the  condition  of  these  samples  is  just 
as  it  would  be  in  the  ordinary  handling  of  corn  stover  on  the  farm. 
It  was  cured  in  the  field  in  the  ordinary  manner,  the  stalks  having 
lost  some  parts  of  the  leaves  and  tassels.  Then  this  rather  arbi- 
trary division  into  parts  follows  somewhat  in  the  natural  way  in 
which  the  stover  is  eaten  by  animals  as  fed  entire  without  cutting 
or  shredding.  The  leaves  and  husks  are  entirely  consumed  and 
usually  a  portion  at  least  of  the  upper  stalk  is  eaten.  If  any  is  re- 
fused, it  is  the  coarser  part  of  the  stalk  corresponding  somewhat  to 


I9o8.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


477 


our  sample  of  "lower-stalk."  With  this  practical  bearing  in  mind, 
there  is  lent  something  of  an  added  interest  to  the  'analyses. 

The  results  of  the  analyses  of  these  samples  are  brought  to- 
gether in  the  tables  that  follow.  For  convenient  comparison  each 
constituent  is  considered  by  itself  in  a  table  showing  the  percentages 
found  in  the  several  parts  of  the  plant  in  the  different  strains  each 
season. 

In  the  first  two  years  of  the  work  these  samples  were  taken 
from  every  individual  breeding  row  in  the  four  plots  so  that  the 
results  shown  here  really  represent  averages  of  several  hundred 
analyses,  but  these  data  form  such  a  mass  of  material  that  lack  of 
space  forbids  presenting  them  here  in  detail. 

EfftfECT  ON  THE  ASH   CONTENT 

We  will  consider  first  the  effect  produced  by  the  breeding  upon 
the  ash  content  as  shown  in  the  following  table : 

TABLE  7. — ASH  CONTENT  IN  DIFFERENT  PARTS  OF  PLANT 


Year. 

Strain. 

Upper-stalk. 

Lower-stalk 

Leaves. 

Grain. 

High-Protein  

5.25 

4.08 

8.21 

1.57 

Low-Protein  

5.82 

5.09 

8.64 

1.45 

1902 

High-Oil  

5.65 

4.89 

7.59 

1.54 

Low-Oil  

4.91 

3.72 

7.11 

1.42 

High-Protein  

5.23 

4.52 

9.66 

1.52 

Low-Protein   

4.86 

4.28 

7.98 

1.34 

1903 

High-Oil  

5.20 

3.98 

8.23 

1.47 

Low-Oil  

4.75 

4.27 

7.27 

1.47 

High-Protein  

4.38 

3.95 

6.56 

1.60 

Low-Protein     

5.14 

4.57 

7.51 

1.41 

1904 

High-Oil  

5.05 

5.80 

7.66 

1.56 

5.59 

5.53 

8.12 

1.43 

High-Protein  

4  30 

4.02 

6.52 

1.54 

Low-Protein         

5.00 

4.61 

7.47 

1.50 

1905 

High-Oil  

5.26 

5.92 

8.06 

1.58 

Low-Oil  

5.69 

5.47 

8.34 

1.28 

High-Protein  

4.77 

4.93 

9.08 

1.48 

Low-Protein  

4.28 

4.15 

8.85 

1.41 

1906 

High-Oil  

5.05 

5.61 

7.72 

1.64 

Low-Oil  

5.67 

4.84 

7.01 

1.46 

Comparing  the  percentages  of  ash  in  the  high-protein  and  low- 
protein  strains  in  the  upper-stalk,  there  is  no  regularity  apparent. 
In  two  of  the  seasons  the  percentage  was  greater  in  the  high- 
protein  plot  and  in  the  three  other  seasons  it  was  smaller.  The 
lower-stalk  varies  in  the  different  seasons  in  accordance  with  the 


478 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


upper-stalk,  and,  the  same  is  true  of  the  leaves.  In  the  grain  the 
differences  are  very  slight  but  they  show  every  season  a  little  more 
ash  in  the  high-protein  corn. 

Comparing  the  samples  of  the  various  parts  from  the  high-oil 
and  low-oil  strains,  we  find  no  regularly  concordant  variations  ex- 
cept in  the  case  of  the  grain  where  usually  the  percentage  of  ash 
has  been  a  trifle  higher  in  the  high-oil  than  in  the  low-oil  corn.  In 
regard  to  the  distribution  of  the  ash  over  the  plant  as  a  whole  wre 
find,  as  we  should  expect  in  accordance  with  what  is  generally  ob- 
served in  plant  studies  of  this  nature,  the  lowest  proportion  of  ash 
in  the  seed  and  the  highest  in  the  leaves  where  it  amounts  some- 
times to  almost  one-tenth  of  the  dry  substance. 


ON  THE  PROTEIN  CONTENT 

It  is  especially  interesting  to  note  how  the  change  in  the  pro- 
portion of  protein  in  the  grain  has  affected  this  constituent  in  other 
parts  of  the  plant.  For  example,  does  the  increase  of  protein  in 
the  kernel  mean  an  increase  of  this  substance  in  the  other  organs 
of  the  plant,  or  is  this  higher  content  in  the  kernel  the  result  of  an 
accumulation  produced  at  the  expense  of  other  parts? 

Table  8  shows  the  results  of  the  protein  determinations  in  the 
various  parts  of  the  plant. 

TABLE  8.  —  PROTEIN  CONTENT  IN  DIFFERENT  PARTS  OF  PLANT 
(Protein  derived  by  multiplying  the  nitrogen  content  by  the  factor  6.25) 


Year. 

Strain. 

Upper-stalk. 

Lower-stalk 

Leaves. 

Grain. 

High-Protein  

3.31 

3.28 

5.00 

12.34 

Low  Protein  

2.90 

3.21 

4.99 

8.22 

1902 

High-Oil  

3.70 

4.72 

5  13 

10.83 

Low-Oil  

2.78 

2  83 

4.86 

9.31 

High-Protein  

4  00 

3.20 

4.92 

13.04 

Low-Protein  

3.80 

4.26 

5  28 

8.62 

19  3 

High-Oil  

3.20 

3.28 

5.04 

11.04 

Low-Oil  

3.50 

3.58 

5.04 

10.22 

High-Protein  

6.52 

5.68 

5.34 

15.03 

Low-Protein  

3.06 

3.46 

4.77 

9.27 

1904 

High-Oil  

4.53 

4.08 

4.86 

12.29 

Low-Oil  

4.00 

4.94 

5.10 

10.88 

High-Protein  

6.13 

6.03 

6.46 

14.72 

Low-Protein    

3.59 

4.59 

5.81 

8.57 

1905 

High-Oil  

4.38 

6.32 

6.42 

12.12 

Low-Oil  •  

4.41 

4.09 

5.74 

9.86 

High-Protein  

5.99 

4.94 

5.27 

14  26 

Low-Protein  

5.61 

6.48 

7.13 

8.64 

1906 

High-Oil  

5.38 

6.56 

5.57 

11.81 

Low-Oil  

4.37 

4.37 

5.03 

10.54 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  479 

Upon  comparing  the  protein  content  of  the  upper-stalk  samples 
we  find  that  the  percentage  has  always  been  greater  in  the  high- 
protein  plot  varying  in  the  different  seasons,  from  only  a  slight 
difference  to  over  double  the  amount. 

The  lower-stalk  follows  the  upper-stalk  in  this  respect  in  three 
of  the  seasons  but  in  the  other  two  years  the  protein  runs  higher  in 
the  low-protein  strain.  The  leaves  agree  quite  closely  in  every  case 
with  the  lower-stalk. 

The  wide  differences  in  the  protein  content  of  the  grain  are,  of 
course,  the  direct  result  of  the  selection  which  have  already  been 
considered  so  that  we  need  not  discuss  them  further  in  this  con- 
nection. 

Turning  now  to  the  oil  breeding,  there  seems  to  be  a  lack  of 
any  significant  regularity  in  the  parts  of  the  stover.  In  the  upper- 
stalk  the  percentage  of  protein  runs  higher  three  out  of  the  five 
seasons  in  the  high-oil  strain.  In  the  lower-stalk  it  is  three  times 
out  of  the  five  higher  in  the  high-oil  strain  but  corresponding  only 
three  times  with  the  upper-stalk.  The  leaves  correspond  with  the 
lower-stalk  in  this  comparison. 

But  a  very  marked  correlation  appears  in  the  grain  where  there 
has  been  every  year  a  notable  increase  in  protein  in  the  high-oil 
strain  over  that  of  the  low-oil.  This  is  indeed  significant  and  is  of 
such  interest  that  it  will  be  discussed  more  fully  later  on. 

Regarding  the  general  distribution  of  the  protein  in  the  plant, 
the  data  show;  that  in  the  other  parts,  the  proportion  of  protein 
is  never  as  high  as  it  is  in  the  grain;  that  among  the  other  parts, 
the  leaves  have  averaged  somewhat  higher  than  the  stalks  although 
this  condition  has  not  been  constant  in  every  year ;  that,  as  between 
the  upper  and  lower  portions  of  the  stalk  no  regular  difference  can 
be  established. 

EFFECT  ON  THE  CRUDE  FAT  CONTENT.     (Ether  Extract.) 

It  will  be  noticed  that  the  term  "crude  fat"  is  used  here  for  des- 
ignating this  determination  rather  than  "oil"  as  has  been  used  in 
the  rest  of  this  work  in  which  only  the  kernels  were  concerned.  It 
should  be  considered  that  while  in  the  kernels  the  substance  ex- 
tracted by  ether  is  practically  all  oil,  in  the  stalk  and  leaves  it  con- 
sists to  a  considerable  extent  of  other  constituents  besides  true  fats, 
or  oil,  such  as  coloring  matters,  waxes,  organic  acids,  etc.  On  this 
account  these  results  of  the  ether  extraction  are  not  to  be  taken  as 
necessarily  explicitly  expressing  the  relations  of  the  amount  of  oil 
or  fat  in  the  various  organs  of  the  plant  to  that  of  the  kernels. 
However  in  the  chemical  analyses  of  food  stuffs,  the  ether  extrac- 
tion is  the  best  practical  method  that  we  have  at  present  of  classify- 


480 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


ing  these  substances,  and  in  view  of  the  fact  that  it  is  usually  made 
and  reported  in  fodder  analyses  this  determination  was  made  in 
this  study  with  the  idea  that  the  information  would  be  of  interest 
and  might  prove  suggestive.  The  results  are  given  in  Table  9. 

TABLE  9. — ETHER  EXTRACT  IN  DIFFERENT  PARTS  OF  PLANT 


Year. 

Strain. 

Upper-stalk. 

Lower-stalk 

Leaves. 

Grain. 

High-Protein  

0.98 

1.31 

1.02 

4.85 

Low-Protein  

0.82 

0  95 

1.02 

4.15 

1902 

High-Oil  

1.08 

1.27 

0.99 

6.41 

Low-Oil  

0.87 

1.21 

1.02 

3.02 

High-Protein  

0.92 

1  42 

1.04 

4.83 

Low-Protein  

0.77 

0.88 

0.90 

4.08 

1903 

High-Oil  

0.69 

0.86 

0.98 

6.50 

Low-Oil  

1  18 

0.98 

0.98 

2.97 

High-Protein  

0  77 

1.23 

1.16 

5  07 

Low-Protein  

0.78 

0.81 

1.00 

4.17 

1904 

High-Oil  

0  67 

0.87 

1.10 

6.97 

Low-Oil  

0.69 

0.90 

0.98 

2.89 

High-Protein  

0  95 

1.20 

1.21 

5.04 

Low-Protein  

0  88 

0.95 

1.28 

3.85 

1905 

High-Oil  

0.82 

1.00 

1.24 

7.29* 

Low-Oil  

0  72 

0.82 

1.09 

2.58 

High-Protein  

1.02 

1.69 

1.25 

5.28 

Low-Protein  

1.62 

1.89 

1.46 

3.86 

1906 

High-Oil  

1.07 

2.05 

1.32 

7.37 

Low-Oil  

1.29 

1.46 

1  23 

2.66 

The  proportion  of  ether-extract  in  the  stalks  and  leaves  is  not 
very  large  ranging  mostly  around  one  percent  and  there  are  no  ap- 
parent relations  among  these  results  that  would  indicate  any  sig- 
nificant influence  of  the  selections  either  in  the  protein  or  in  the  oil 
breeding. 

In  the  case  of  the  grain,  however,  there  is  an  interesting  cor- 
relation manifested.  We  have  already  seen  how  the  protein  con- 
tent of  the  grain  is  influenced  by  the  oil  selection,  and,  just  as  the 
protein  rises  and  falls  with  the  oil  content,  so  here  the  oil  follows 
the  protein  selections,  and  in  every  season  there  is  a  decided  in- 
crease of  oil  in  the  high-protein  strain  over  that  of  the  low-protein. 

The  figures  show  in  regard  to  the  relative  proportions  of  ether- 
extract  in  the  different  parts  of  the  plant,  that  the  crude  fat  in  other 
parts  scarcely  ever  approaches  in  percentage  the  oil  in  the  kernel 
and  also  that  it  is  generally  greater  in  the  lower-stalk  and  leaves 
than  in  the  upper-stalk. 


I9o8.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


481 


EFFECT  ON  THE   PHOSPHORUS   CONTENT 

On  account  of  their  especial  bearing  upon  questions  pertaining 
to  soil  fertility  a  knowledge  of  the  phosphorus  and  potassium  con- 
tents in  these  different  strains  of  corn  is  of  interest.  Accordingly 
determinations  of  these  two  elements  in  the  samples  of  the  different 
parts  of  the  plants  have  been  made  since  1903.  The  percentages 
are  given  in  Tables  10  and  1 1  being  expressed  in  terms  of  the  ele- 
mentary substances. 

TABLE  10. — PHOSPHORUS  CONTENT  IN  DIFFERENT  PARTS  OF  PLANT 


Year. 

Strain. 

Upper-stalk. 

Lower-stalk 

Leaves. 

Grain. 

Hifh-Protein  

0.19 

0.19 

0  15 

0  36 

Low-Protein  

0.12 

0.1U 

0  14 

0  30 

1903 

High-Oil  

0.10 

0  08 

0.10 

0.34 

Low-Oil  

0  10 

0  09 

0.13 

0.31 

High-Protein  

0  26 

0.24 

0.18 

0.38 

0.14 

0.1U 

0.12 

0.33 

1904 

High-Oil  

0.21 

0.12 

0.16 

0.38 

Low-Oil  

0.17 

0.17 

0.18 

0.35 

High-Protein  

0.26 

0.22 

0.18 

0.32 

L<ow-Protein  

0.12 

0  09 

0.12 

0.30 

1905 

High-Oil  

0.18 

0.11 

0.12 

0.34 

Low-Oil  

0  17 

0.14 

0.17 

0.25 

High-Protein  

0  28 

0.32 

0.21 

0.34 

Low-Protein  

0.29 

0.21 

0.24 

0.30 

1906 

High-Oil  

0.25 

0.22 

0.19 

0.35 

Low-Oil  

0.19 

0.14 

0.15 

0.31 

Comparing  the  high-protein  and  low-protein  strains  it  is  inter- 
esting to  note  that  with  only  the  exception  of  the  upper-stalk  and 
leaves  in  1906,  the  phosphorus  content  is  always  somewhat  higher 
in  the  samples  representing  the  high-protein  plot  both  in  stover 
and  grain. 

In  the  breeding  for  high  and  low-oil,  however,  such  a  correla- 
tion does  not  appear  in  the  stover  but  in  the  grain  we  find  regu- 
larly a  higher  phosphorus  content  in  the  high-oil  corn.  Taking  the 
plant  as  a  whole  the  grain  is  decidedly  the  richest  part  in  phos- 
phorus thus  conforming  to  what  has  been  generally  observed. 

EFFECT  ON  THE  POTASSIUM  CONTENT 

Comparing  the  high-protein  and  low-protein  plots  the  different 
parts  of  the  stover  show  agreement  in  three  out  of  the  four  years 
in  being  somewhat  richer  in  potassium  in  the  low-protein  strain. 
The  other  season  all  parts  wrere  richer  in  this  element,  in  the  high- 
protein  strain. 


482  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

TABLE  u. — POTASSIUM  CONTENT  IN  DIFFERENT  PARTS  OF  PLANT 


Year. 

Strain. 

Upper-stalk. 

Lower-stalk 

Leaves. 

Grain. 

High-Protein  

1.47 

1.64 

0.90 

0.35 

L/ow-Protein  

1.52 

1.64 

0.97 

0.32 

1903 

High-Oil  

1.34 

1.10 

0.76 

0.36 

L/ow-Oil  

1.33 

1.54 

1.25 

0.36 

High-Protein  

1.07 

1.10 

1.02 

0.37 

1.67 

1.67 

1  31 

0.35 

1904 

High-Oil  

1.63 

1.70 

1.48 

0.39 

L/ow-Oil  

1.55 

1.74 

1.56 

0.39 

High-Protein     

1.03 

1.07 

1.05 

0.34 

L/ow-Protein  

1.61 

1.62 

1.35 

0.37 

1905 

High-Oil  

1.65 

2.36 

1.39 

0.36 

L/ow-Oil  

1.81 

2.08 

1.60 

0.37 

High-Protein  

1.17 

1.54 

0.88 

0.36 

L/ow-Protein  

0.89 

1.17 

0.82 

0.40 

1906 

High  Oil  

1.59 

2.14 

1.22 

0.39 

Low-Oil.  .  .•  

1.59 

1.79 

0.92 

0.40 

In  the  grain  samples  the  comparisons  show  conflicting  results 
but  the  differences  here  are  so  small  as  to  be  scarcely  significant. 

As  between  the  high-oil  and  low-oil  breeding  no  regularity 
among  the  stover  samples  can  be  made  out.  In  the  grain  the  per- 
centages are  just  a  trifle  greater  in  the  low-oil  corn  but  the  differ- 
ences are  too  slight  to  be  considered  seriously. 

These  results  likewise  accord  with  the  usual  observance  that  the 
stover  carries  a  much  larger  proportion  of  potassium  than  the  grain. 
The  stalks  and  leaves  do  not  vary  greatly  in  this  respect. 

CONCLUSIONS 

The  preceding  data  afford  material  for  numerous  other  com- 
parisons and  a  critical  study  would  doubtless  reveal  many  other 
suggestive  facts,  but  it  is  our  present  purpose  only  to  derive  as 
direct  an  answer  as  possible  to  our  main  question  regarding  the  ef- 
fect produced  upon  the  composition  of  the  plant  as  a  whole  by 
altering  the  relative  proportions  of  the  constituents  of  the  kernel. 

Summarizing  the  results  of  this  study  and  putting  them  into 
the  form  of  a  general  statement  we  may  say,  that  aside  from  the 
correlation  developed  between  protein  and  oil  in  the  grain,  there 
has  not  been  produced  any  very  marked  effect.  The  ash  in  the 
grain  appears  to  be  influenced  very  slightly  by  the  protein  as  well 
as  the  oil  selection,  following  these  selections  in  direct  correlation. 
The  same  is  true  of  the  phosphorus  content. 


jyoS.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


483 


Further  there'  is  seemingly  a  tendency  toward  an  increased 
phosphorus  content  in  the  stover  resulting  from  high-protein  se- 
lection, but  this  observation  needs  further  confirmation. 

CORRELATION  BETWEEN  PROTEIN  AND  OIL  IN  THE  KERNEL 

At  the  beginning  of  the  breeding  the  correlation  between  the 
protein  and  oil  content  in  the  kernel  was  only  very  slight.  The 
result  of  the  mathematical  calculation  of  this  correlation  in  the 
original  163  ears  from  which  the  first  selections  were  made,  as 
given  in  Bulletin  87,  shows  only  3.81  percent  of  a  perfect  cor- 
relation. 

But,  although  this  correlation  is  insignificant  at  first,  it  seems 
to  have  advanced  with  the  breeding  so  that,  as  we  have  just  ob- 
served, after  five  years  it  became  very  prominent  both  in  the  pro- 
tein and  in  the  oil  selections. 

It  is  interesting  to  trace  the  development  of  this  correlation  in 
the  progress  of  the  breeding  as  may  be  done  in  Table  12  in  which, 
are  given  the  percentages  of  oil  in  the  high-protein  and  low-protein 
strains  each  generation  excepting  the  second  and  third  years  when 
these  determinations  were  not  made. 

TABLE  12. — OIL  CONTENT  IN  HIGH-PROTEIN  AND  LOW-PROTEIN  STRAINS 
Average  percent  oil. 


Year. 

High-protein  crop. 

Low-protein  crop. 

Difference. 

1897 

4.52 

4.35 

0.17 

1898 

.... 

.... 

1899 

.... 

1900 

4.  75 

4.31 

6.44 

1901 

4.82 

4.30 

0.52 

1902 

4.85 

4.15 

0.70 

1903 

4.83 

4.08 

0.75 

1904 

5.07 

4.17 

0.90 

1905 

5.04 

3.85 

1.19 

1906 

5.28 

3.86 

1.42 

The  last  column  which  shows  the  difference  in  oil  content  each 
year  brings  out  the  principle  in  a  most  interesting  way.  This  dif- 
ference between  the  two  plots  begins  with  a  very  small  figure  which 
gradually  increases  as  the  breeding  goes  on  corresponding  to  the 
differences  in  the  protein  itself,  until  in  the  tenth  generation  this 
difference  becomes  so  significant  as  to  amount  to  about  one-third 
of  the  total  quantity  of  oil. 

In  like  manner  the  behavior  of  the  protein  in  the  high  and  low- 
oil  strains  is  shown  in  Table  13. 


484  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

TABLE  13. — PROTEIN  CONTENT  IN  HIGH-OIL  AND  Low-OiL  STRAINS 

Average  percent  protein. 


Year. 

High-oil  crop. 

L,ow-oil  crop. 

Difference. 

1897 
1898 

10.76 

11.03 

-  0.27 

1899 

1900 
1901 
1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 

10.83 
12.32 
10.83 
11.04 
12.29 
12.12 
11.81 

11.00 
10.03 
9.31 
10.22 
10.88 
9.86 
10.54 

-0.17 
2.29 
1.52 
0.82 
1.41 
2.26 
1.27 

Although  the  differences  in  protein  content  in  the  high-oil  and 
low-oil  plots  have  not  been  as  regular  or  constant  as  in  the  case  of 
the  oil  content  in  the  high-protein  and  low-protein  plots,  yet  the 
same  principle  is  evident,  for,  whereas  in' the  earlier  years  the  pro- 
tein actually  averages  a  little  higher  in  the  low-oil  strain  as  indi- 
cated in  the  table  by  the  minus  signs,  in  later  generations  after  the 
breeding  had  advanced  and  greater  differences  in  the  oil  content 
had  been  induced,  the  correlation  appears  and  remains,  although 
fluctuating  in  intensity  from  year  to  year. 

EFFECT  ON  THE  TYPE  OF  KERNEL 

That  the  selection  for  certain  chemical  constituents  has  a  very 
noticeable  effect  upon  the  physical  characteristics  of  the  kernel  was 
observed  very  early  in  the  work  and  in  Bulletin  55  descriptions  with 
photographs  were  published  showing  the  possibility  of  distinguish- 
ing between  high-protein  and  low-protein  corn  as  well  as  between 
high-oil  and  low-oil  corn  by  the  mechanical  structure  of  the  kernel. 
The  matter  has  been  mentioned  again  in  Bulletins  82  and  100,  and 
Bulletin  87,  "The  Structure  of  the  Corn  Kernel  and  the  Composi- 
tion of  its  Different  Parts,"  deals  especially  with  this  phase  of  the 
subject,  treating  it  in  considerable  detail.  Therefore  it  is  not  pro- 
posed to  discuss  this  matter  at  length  here,  but  only  to  call  atten- 
tion briefly  to  the  facts  observed  in  this  connection. 

Selection  for  high-protein  has  developed  a  type  of  kernel  hav- 
ing a  relatively  larger  proportion  of  that  part  characterized  by  its 
horny  structure,  the  soft  starchy  part  which  immediately  surrounds 
the  germ  and  runs  up  into  the  crown  of  the  kernel  being  less  prom- 
inent. In  the  type  of  kernel  resulting  from  low-protein  selection 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  485 

this  condition  is  reversed  and  here  the  soft  starchy  part  predomi- 
nates. Viewed  externally  the  high-protein  kernel  has  a  somewhat 
glassy  appearance  while  the  low-protein  presents  a  milky  effect. 

Following  the  fact  that  about  four-fifths  of  all  the  oil  in  the 
kernel  resides  within  the  germ,  the  selection  for  high-oil  has  re- 
sulted in  a  kernel  having  a  relatively  large  proportion  of  germ, 
while  the  low-oil  selection  has  produced  a  kernel  whose  germ  oc- 
cupies a  relatively  small  proportion  of  the  space. 

It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  a  reduction  of  the  proportion 
of  germ  does  not  necessarily  depend  altogether  upon  a  decrease  in 
the  absolute  size,  for  the  same  effect  would  be  produced  by  increas- 
ing the  size  of  the  endosperm,  and  in  our  low-oil  strain  this  is  what 
has  really  taken  place  to  some  extent,  so  that  the  selection  has  re- 
sulted in  a  large  broad  type  of  kernel  admitting  fewer  rows  on 
the  cob. 

The  question  is  often  asked  as  to  whether  there  is  any  differ- 
ence apparent  in  germination  on  account  of  this  effect  upon  the 
size  of  the  germ.  In  laboratory  tests  under  carefully  controlled 
and  comparable  conditions  a  difference  in  the  rate  and  vigor  with 
which  the  germination  starts  off  has  been  observed,  the  first  signs 
of  growth  appearing  about  twenty-four  hours  earlier  in  the  high- 
oil  corn.  This  difference,  however,  becomes  less  apparent  as  the 
development  of  the  young  plantlet  proceeds  and  in  the  field  there 
is  as  yet  no  detrimental  effect  noticeable  due  to  impaired  vitality 
in  the  seed  brought  about  by  the  selection  for  low-oil. 

EFFECT  ON  THE  TYPE  OF  EAR 

That  the  selection  in  these  different  directions  has  likewise  had 
its  effect  upon  the  physical  characteristics  of  the  ear  is  clearly 
shown  in  Bulletin  119,  "Type  and  Variability  in  Corn,"  in  which 
Dean  Davenport  and  Doctor  Rietz  have  made  this  matter  the  sub- 
ject of  a  special  study. 

In  this  investigation  ears  from  each  of  the  four  "Illinois" 
strains  from  the  crops  of  the  ninth  and  tenth  generations  were  sub- 
jected to  measurements  of  their  length,  circumference,  weight,  and 
number  of  rows  of  kernels. 

The  variability  of  each  one  of  these  charactertistics  was  studied 
by  the  statistical  method  in  which  are  determined  mathematical  ex- 
pressions showing  the  "mean,"  or  average  value  of  the  character 
in  question,  as  well  as  its  tendency  to  vary  from  this  average,  ex- 
pressed by  the  "standard  deviation"  and  the  "coefficient  of  vari- 
ability." Taking  from  these  tabulated  results  those  figures  which 
are  of  especial  concern  in  this  connection,  the  following  interesting 
facts  are  brought  out. 


486  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

Selection  for  high-protein  has  produced  an  ear  averaging  some- 
what smaller  than  the  low-protein  ear  as  shown  by  a  comparison  of 
the  length,  circumference  and  weight ;  the  number  of  rows  of  ker- 
nels also  averages  slightly  less  on  the  typical  high-protein  ear. 

Similarly  the  high-oil  selection  has  resulted  in  a  smaller  type  of 
ear  than  has  the  low-oil,  the  length,  circumference  and  weight  be- 
ing less  in  each  case  in  the  high-oil  strain.  However,  in  spite  of 
the  fact  that  the  typical  low-oil  ear  is  the  largest  of  any  of  the 
strains,  the  number  of  rows  of  kernels  is  the  least,  this  being  due 
to  the  broadening  of  the  kernel  as  previously  explained. 

EFFECT  ON  THE  YIELD 

One  of  the  first  questions  to  be  taken  into  consideration  from 
the  practical  standpoint  is,  of  course,  the  effect  that  selection  for 
these  various  characteristics  has  upon  the  productiveness. 

In  this  connection  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  during  the 
earlier  years  of  these  experiments  in  the  selection  of  seed  no  special 
precaution  was  taken  against  in-breeding.  If  the  pedigree  lines  be 
traced  back  in  the  high-protein  plot  it  wrill  be  found  that  they  all 
converge  in  a  single  ear  grown  in  1901.  The  low-protein  strain 
as  it  now  exists  is  the  progeny  of  two  of  the  original  ears  and  the 
same  is  true  of  the  low-oil.  The  high-oil  strain  traces  back  to 
three  original  ears.  Thus  the  pedigree  records  show  that  there 
must  have  been  a  considerable  amount  of  rather  close  in-breeding 
which  has  probably  exerted  a  more  or  less  detrimental  effect  upon 
the  yield.  It  was  not  until  the  ninth  generation  that  we  started  our 
present  system  of  taking  seed  from  detasseled  rows  only  and  ar- 
ranging the  planting  of  the  seed  ears  with  reference  to  their  rela- 
tionship, in  order  to  prevent  as  far  as  possible  such  close  in-breeding. 

Neither  was  there  in  the  earlier  years  of  the  breeding  any  se- 
lection based  upon  productiveness  other  than  the  choice  of  the 
largest,  finest  seed  ears.  In  the  sixth  generation  a  system  of  re- 
jecting a  few  of  the  lowest  yielding  rows  was  begun  but  it  was 
not  until  the  ninth  generation  that  our  present  system  was  adopted 
of  selecting  one-half  of  the  detasseled  rows  according  to  their  per- 
formance as  regards  productiveness. 

Therefore  in  speaking  of  the  yielding  propensities  of  these  sev- 
eral strains  of  corn,  these  handicaps  which  they  have  undergone  in 
the  breeding  should  be  taken  into  consideration. 

In  order  to  test  this  matter  of  yield,  seed  has  been  taken  every 
year  since  the  sixth  generation  from  each  of  the  four  breeding 
plots  and  planted  in  our  variety  test  plots  where  they  are  given  con- 
ditions of  soil  and  culture  as  uniform  as  possible  for  securing  com- 
parable results. 


IQ08.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


487 


In  this  variety  test  there  are  planted  at  certain  intervals  so- 
callecl  "Standard  plots"  from  one  of  the  best  standard  varieties  of 
this  region  the  purpose  of  these  being  to  serve  as  a  check  for  com- 
parison in  different  parts  of  the  field.  In  Table  14  the  yield  each 
year  in  terms  of  bushels  of  shelled  corn  per  acre  is  given  for  each 
of  the  four  "Illinois"  strains  along  with  that  of  the  standard 
variety. 

TABLE  14. — YIELDS  OF  "ILLINOIS"  STRAINS  IN  VARIETY  TEST  PLOTS 


High- 

L<ow- 

High- 

Low- 

Year. 

protein 
strain. 

protein 
strain. 

oil 
strain. 

oil 
strain. 

Standard  variety. 

1903 

27.3 

37.7 

32.7 

41.3 

40.9  (Boone  Co.  White) 

1904 

32.1 

55.5 

41.9 

40.5 

53.7  (     "         "        "     ) 

1905 

56.6 

60  7 

58.4 

58.1 

68.4  (Silvermine) 

(75.7  (          "          ) 

1906 

65.1 

73.2 

66.3 

83.2 

(87.9  (  Learning    ) 

In  looking  over  these  results  there  are  some  irregularities  to  be 
seen  and  it  is  still  too  early  to  draw  final  conclusions  in  all  respects. 
The  maximum  yield  varies  among  the  four  strains  in  the  different 
years.  In  two  of  the  seasons  the  low-oil  gave  the  highest  yield 
and  in  two  others  the  low-protein  yielded  most. 

But  the  lowest  yield  has  in  every  season  been  produced  by  the 
high-protein  corn  and  this  fact  accords  with  our  previous  observa- 
tion regarding  the  type  of  ear  where  we  found  the  typical  high- 
protein  ear  to  be  the  smallest  of  all  the  four  strains.  So  it  seems 
a  high-protein  content  and  the  highest  productivity  do  not  go 
together. 

The  formation  of  protein  depends,  of  course,  upon  the  supply 
of  nitrogen  in  the  soil.  In  fact  the  relation  is  so  intimate  that  it 
has  been  observed  in  experiments  that  the  protein  content  can  be 
increased  in  corn  by  the  application  of  nitrogenous  fertilizers. 
This  suggests  the  possibility  of  a  limitation  of  growth  on  ordinary 
soil  due  to  an  extra  high  nitrogen  requirement  on  the  part  of  the 
high-protein  strain. 

If,  however,  we  consider  the  production  of  protein  per  acre  we 
will  find  a  very  decided  gain  in  the  production  of  protein  in  the 
high-protein  breeding.  For  example  in  1906  the  high-protein 
strain  produced  65.1  bushels  per  acre  and  the  protein  content  of  the 
crop  that  year  as  we  have  seen  was  14.26  percent.  This  would 
yield  (reckoning  56  pounds  shelled  corn  per  bushel)  520  pounds  of 


488  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

protein  per  acre.  At  the  same  time  the  low-protein  strain  produced 
73.2  bushels  carrying  8.54  percent  of  protein  which  would  yield 
354  pounds.  This  makes  a  difference  of  166  pounds  of  protein  per 
acre  in  favor  of  the  high-protein  breeding.  This,  however,  from 
the  practical  standpoint,  would  be  an  unfair  comparison  because 
ordinarily  what  the  farmer  has  to  deal  with  is  corn  of  ordinary 
protein  content  rather  than  low-protein  corn.  We  have  no  "Illi- 
nois" strain  now  unaffected  by  chemical  selection  with  which  to 
make  the  comparison.  But  suppose  we  compare  our  "Illinois  High- 
Protein"  with  the  standard  white  variety  for  this  year,  that  is  the 
"Silvermine,"  which  has  had  no  chemical  selection,  and  assume 
that  it  contains  the  same  percentage  with  which  we  started  the 
"Illinois"  breeding,  that  is  10.92,  which  as  a  matter  of  fact  is  not 
far  from  the  average  of  ordinary  dent  corn.  Making  the  computa- 
tion we  find  that  the  75.7  bushel  yield  containing  10.92  percent 
would  give  us  463  pounds  of  protein  per  acre.  Based  upon  this 
estimate  there  was  a  gain  this  year  of  57  pounds  of  protein  per 
acre  by  the  high-protein  breeding  and  this  is  of  no  mean  conse- 
quence when  we*  consider  that  this  57  pounds  represents  about  one- 
eighth  of  the  total  quantity  of  protein  produced. 

On  the  whole  these  results  of  the  yields  are  quite  gratifying 
when  we  consider  that  these  "Illinois"  strains  have  maintained 
their  productiveness  as  well  as  they  have  in  spite  of  the  intense 
selection  they  have  undergone  for  other  special  characteristics. 
With  the  exception  of  one  season,  some  one  of  the  Illinois  strains 
has  even  surpassed  in  yield  the  supposedly  good  variety  used  as  a 
standard.  All  of  this  goes  to  show  that  intense  selection  for  a 
special  character  is  not  necessarily  accompanied  by  a  reduction  in 
yield,  this  not  implying,  of  course,  that  selection  for  yield  alone 
would  not  make  greater  progress  when  unhampered  by  considera- 
tion for  other  characteristics. 


'    1908.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  489 

APPENDIX 

In  connection  with  this  investigation  a  large  amount  of  experi- 
mental data  has  been  collected.  For  the  selection  of  seed  for  these 
four  "Illinois"  breeding  plots  there  have  been  analyzed  during  the 
ten  years  4990  individal  ears.  Of  these,  756  ears  have  been  se- 
lected and  subjected  to  performance  test  in  the  breeding  plots  and 
the  records  of  these  tests  form  a  most  interesting  and  instructive 
series.  The  importance  of  placing  these  data  on  record  by  pub- 
lication rests  not  alone  upon  their  direct  connection  with  the  sub- 
ject matter  in  hand.  There  are  many  obscure  problems  in  this 
work  of  corn  breeding  of  intensely  practical  significance  upon  which 
we  may  hope  to  secure  light  by  a  study  of  such  heredity  records  as 
these,  and  in  the  study  of  the  broader  problems  relating  to  the 
general  subject  of  heredity  there  has  been  a  lack  of  just  such  specific 
statistical  data  as  these  analyses  afford.  Already  they  have  fur- 
nished excellent  material  for  some  such  studies  and  naturally  their 
value  as  such  will  ever  increase  with  their  accumulation.  There- 
fore it  seems  advisable  to  present  the  essential  detailed  data  of  these 
experiments,  preferably  incorperated  in  systematic  arrangement  in 
an  appendix  where  they  may  be  referred  to  at  pleasure,  rather  than 
encumbering  the  text  of  the  bulletin  with  such  a  mass  of  statis- 
tical material. 

.  The  following  tables  are  so  arranged  in  series  that  the  com- 
plete history  of  each  strain  of  the  breeding  is  shown  by  itself.  For 
each  year  there  is  given  a  record  of  the  breeding  plot  in  a  table 
showing  the  analyses  of  the  seed  ears  planted  and  of  the  cor- 
responding crops  harvested.  Immediately  following  this  table  is 
a  second  one  in  which  are  listed  the  analyses  of  all  of  the  ears  ex- 
amined from  that  breeding  plot  for  the  selection  of  seed  ears  to  be 
planted  in  the  succeeding  year's  plot. 

By  this  arrangement  it  is  made  possible  with  the  system  of 
"Register  Numbers"  and  "Dam  Numbers"  previously  explained,  to 
readily  find  the  relationships  of  all  the  ears  ever  produced  in  each 
of  the  four  strains. 

The  first  table  gives  the  complete  analyses  of  the  163  original 
ears  from  which  the  four  strains  of  corn  were  started  and  a  column 
is  adde'd  to  indicate  to  which  of  the  breeding  plots  each  of  the  se- 
lected ears  is  assigned.  Following  this  table  are  given  the  series  of 
records  for  the  high-protein  plot,  low-protein  plot,  high-oil  plot 
and  low-oil  plot  in  the  order  named. 


490  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

The  "Annual  Ear  No."  in  these  records  correspond  to  the 
"Corn  No."  as  used  in  Bulletin  55  and,  as  previously  explained, 
this  is  simply  a  temporary  number  used  while  working  with  the 
corn  for  the  selection  and  has  no  permanent  significance,  there  is 
no  necessity  for  changing  the  back  records  in  this  respect  and  so 
these  old  numbers  are  retained.  They  begin  in  the  first  table  with 
No.  76  and  run  in  the  order  of  the  rows  of  the  breeding  plot, 
that  is  in  the  order  of  their  mother  ears  or  "Dam  Numbers." 

In  the  first  year  usually  four  ears  were  analyzed  from  each  plot- 
row  and  every  fifth  number  was  given  to  the  composite  sample  rep- 
resenting the  row  as  will  be  seen  in  the  tables  of  1897.  In  the 
years  following,  up  to  1903,  nine  ears  were  analyzed  from  each 
plot-row  and  every  tenth  number  was  given  to  the  corresponding 
composite  sample.  In  1903  the  new  system  was  adopted  in  which 
the  "Annual  Ear  Number"  begins  with  I  each  year  and  ten  ears 
are  anaylzed  from  each  selected  plot-row  with  no  provision  for 
composite  sample  numbers.,  within  the  series.  In  1905  another 
modification  was  introduced  in  which  20  ears  instead  of  10  are 
analyzed  from  each  selected  plot-row. 

In  the  tables  of  analyses  all  ears  that  have  been  selected  for 
seed  are  indicated  by  their  assigned  "Register  Nos."  being  placed 
in  the  column  opposite. 

In  order  to  illustrate  the  working  of  this  system  of  records 
let  us  suppose  that  it  be  desired  to  trace  the  pedigree  record  of 
a  given  ear.  We  may  take  as  an  example  the  first  ear  analyzed 
from  the  high-protein  plot  in  1906  and  registered  as  No.  1102. 
We  see  immediately  that  the  "dam"  or  mother  of  this  ear  was 
No.  1004.  By  reference  to  the  plot  record  of  the  year  1906  we 
find  that  the  ear  with  Register  No.  1004  had  a  protein  content  of 
17.39  percent  and  that  its  "dam"  was  No.  914.  Turning  now  to 
the  plot  record  of  the  previous  year  we  find  that  Register  No.  914 
had  17.73  percent  of  protein  and  by  the  corresponding  "Dam  No." 
we  are  referred  to  No.  811  of  the  preceding  generation.  Following 
along  in  this  manner  through  the  preceding  generations  we  finally 
trace  the  complete  maternal  pedigree  back  to  the  beginning  of  the 
breeding.  Thus  we  find  the  pedigree  record  with  respect  to  the 
protein  content  of  this  ear  registered  as  No.  1102  to  run  as  follows : 


1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


491 


Maternal  pedigree  record. 

Year 
planted. 

Protein, 
percent. 

iegis 
5y  DC 

ter  fr 
imK 

ro.  1102  

1907 
1906 
1905 
1904 
1903 
1902 
1901 
1900 
1899 
1898 
1897 

17.13 
17.39 
17.73 
17.33 
14.70 
15.00 
15.71 
14.53 
12.45 
12.46 
12.28 

ro.  1004  

'      914  

811  

710  

601  

507  

413  

323  

207  

121  

At  the  end  of  these  four  series  of  the  regular  plots  are  Tables  96 
to  103  inclusive  which  contain  the  records  of  the  mixed-protein  and 
mixed-oil  plots. 


492 
TABLE  15. 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


-COMPOSITION  OF  ONE  HUNDRED  SIXTY-THREE  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM 
GENERAL  CROP  OF  1896 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Oil. 

Carbohy- 
drates. 

Plot 
assigned. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

76 

1.70 

10.05 

4.77 

83.48 

77 

1.45 

-10.42 

5.24 

82.89 

High-oil 

107 

78 

1.55 

11.00 

4.90 

82.55 

79 

1.62 

10.89 

4.88 

82.61 

80 

1.63 

11.50 

4.58 

82  29 

81 

1.47 

11.49 

4.26 

82.78 

82 

1.39 

11.78 

4.83 

82.00 

83 

1.17 

9.08 

4.05 

85.70 

Low-protein 

103 

84 

1.51 

12.79 

4.25 

81.45 

High-protein 

110 

85 

1.46 

11.76 

4.94 

81.84 

86 

1.50 

12.07 

4.61 

81.82 

High-protein 

102 

87 

1.59 

12.40 

4.74 

81.27 

High-protein 

117 

88 

1.35 

9.34 

4.84 

84.47 

89 

1.61 

10.71 

4.70 

82.98 

90 

1.55 

9.90 

4.97 

83.58 

91 

1  56 

10.68 

4.91 

82.85 

92 

1.46 

12.96 

3.97 

81.61 

High-protein 

113 

93 

1.48 

11.80 

4.80 

81.92 

94 

1.74 

11.89 

4.55 

81.82 

High-protein 

101 

95 

1.55 

10.49 

5.51 

82.45 

High-oil 

109 

96 

1.60 

11.10 

4.38 

82.92 

97 

1.59 

11.84 

4.96 

81.61 

98 

1.39 

10.23 

5.51 

82.87 

High-oil 

115 

99 

1.42 

8.40 

4.91 

85.27 

L/ow-protein 

107 

100 

1.65 

12.28 

4.76 

81.31 

High-protein 

105 

101 

1.30 

10  08 

4.86 

83.76 

102 

1  49 

11.83 

4.51 

82.17 

103 

1.44 

11.25 

4.78 

82.53 

104 

1.54 

11.82 

4.43 

82.21 

105 

1.37 

12.36 

4.84 

81.43 

High-protein 

119 

106 

1.33 

11.15 

5.21 

82.31 

High-oil 

120 

107 

1.33 

9.47 

4.97 

84  23 

108 

1.30 

11.04 

4.67 

82  99 

109 

1.45 

10.82 

5.65 

82.08 

High-oil 

111 

110 

1.60 

12.81 

5.21 

80.38 

High-protein 

111 

111 

1.31 

10.76 

4.13 

83.80 

112 

1.26 

10.48 

4.54 

83.72 

113 

1.10 

9.30 

4.38 

85.22 

L/ow-protein 

111 

114 

1.33 

9.12 

4.10 

85.45 

Ivow-protein 

102 

115 

1.29 

10.41 

4.17 

84.13 

116 

1.10 

8.38 

4.88 

85.64 

L/ow-protein 

105 

117 

1.42 

9.95 

4.23 

84.40 

118 

1.44 

11.40 

5.02 

82.14 

High-oil 

101 

119 

1.55 

12.38 

4.62 

81.45 

High-protein 

106 

120 

1.39 

9.97 

4.42 

84.2,2 

121 

1.36 

10.09 

4.82 

83.73 

122 

1.36 

10.31 

5.25 

83.08 

High-oil 

117 

123 

1.34 

9  68 

4.01 

84.97 

Low-oil 

108 

124 

1.44 

11.87 

4.61 

82.08 

125 

1.34 

10.73 

4.53 

83.40 

126 

1.49 

13.87 

5.72 

78.92 

High-protein 

112 

127 

1.43 

11.53 

4.31 

82.73 

128 

1.33 

11.64 

4.57 

82.46 

129 

1.36 

11.25 

4.16 

83.23 

igo8.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 
TABLE  15. — Continued 


493 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Oil. 

Carbohy- 
drates. 

Plot 
assigned. 

Reg-ister 
N... 
assigned. 

130 

1.35 

11.86 

5.01 

81.78 

131 

1.47 

10.49 

4.86 

83  18 

132 

1.55 

11.13 

4.55 

82.77 

133 

1.39 

11.13 

4.10 

83  38 

Low-oil 

110 

134 

1.30 

10.85 

4.45 

83.40 

135 

1.37 

11.29 

4.53 

82.81 

136 

1.59 

11.43 

5.10 

81.88 

High-oil 

103 

137 

1  47 

11.61 

4  41 

82.51 

138 

1.36 

11.36 

4.53 

82.75 

139 

1.57 

9.81 

5.23 

83.39 

High-oil 

118 

14U 

1.34 

10  53 

4.18 

83.95 

141 

1  45 

12.42 

4.51 

81.62 

High-protein 

120 

142 

1.37 

9.31 

4.82 

84.50 

143 

1.29 

11.33 

4.49 

82.89 

144 

1.42 

11.39 

4.99 

82.20 

High-oy 

124 

145 

1.45 

8.25 

4.81 

85.49 

Low-protein 

1U6 

146 

1.47 

11.29 

4.83 

82.41 

147 

1.26 

12.21 

4.49 

82.04 

High-  protein 

123 

148 

1  54 

11.94 

4.74 

81.78 

149 

1.36 

11.29 

4.08 

83.27 

Low-oil 

101 

150 

1.44 

11.71 

4.03 

82.82 

Low-  oil 

103 

151 

1.40 

9.31 

4.96 

84.33 

Low-protein 

101 

152 

1.41     - 

11.90 

4.09 

82  60 

Low-oil 

102 

153 

1.35 

-12.51 

5.19 

80.95 

High-protein 

108 

154 

1.42 

11  13 

5.02 

82.43 

High-oil 

123 

155 

1.44 

11.05 

4.53 

82.98 

156 

1.39 

11.74 

4.14 

82.73 

Low-oil 

112 

157 

1.46 

10.02 

4.88 

83.64 

- 

158 

1  45 

10.66 

4.51 

83.38 

159 

1.48 

11.53 

4.65 

82.34 

160 

1.43 

11.50 

4.83 

82.24 

161 

1.47 

11.11 

4.93 

82.49 

162 

1.48 

12.09 

5.61 

80.82 

High-oil 

114 

163 

1.29 

10.78 

5.09 

82.84 

High-oil 

102 

164 

1  30 

9.36 

4.34 

85.00 

Low-protein 

110 

165 

1.47 

10  50 

4.75 

83.28 

166 

1.65 

11.29 

3.84 

83.22 

Low-oil 

106 

167 

1.37 

9.58 

4.72 

84.33 

168 

1.49 

10.94 

4.34 

83.23 

169 

1.60 

11  79 

4.22 

82.39 

170 

1.36 

11.06 

4.39 

83.19 

171 

1.44 

11.18 

5.75 

81.63 

High-oil 

113 

172 

1.45 

12.28 

3.99 

82.28 

High-protein 

121 

173 

1.39 

10.14 

4.35 

84.12 

174 

1.30 

10.19 

5.22 

83.29 

High-oil 

106 

-    175 

1.40 

12  68              5.29 

80.63 

High-protein 

109 

176 

1.37 

9.86              4.73 

84  04 

177 

1.48 

13  06 

4.93 

80.53 

High-protein 

114 

178 

1.37 

10  93 

4.76 

82.94 

179 

1.32 

11.  b7 

5.03 

81.78 

180 

1.39 

11.27 

4.55 

82  79 

181 

1.47 

9  66 

4.21 

84.66 

182 

1.37 

10.97 

3.94 

83.72 

Low-oil 

107 

183 

1.54 

10.32 

5.46 

82.68 

High-oil 

108 

184 

1.44 

10.68              4.89 

82.99 

494 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 
TABLE  15. — Continued 


[September, 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Oil. 

Carbohy- 
drates. 

Plot 
assigned. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

185 
186 

1.42 

1.48 

9.33 
10.78 

4.49 
4.74 

84.76 
83.00 

Low-protein 

109 

187 

1.28 

10  49 

4.44 

83.79 

188 
189 
190 

1.53 
1.32 
1.25 

13.10 
9.58 
11.50 

5.51 
5.63 
4.95 

79.86 

83.47 
82.30 

High-protein 
High-oil 

115 
110 

191 

1.29 

11.19 

4.31 

83.21 

192 

1.51 

11.49 

4.07 

82.93 

Low-oil 

104 

193 

194 

1.36 
1.50 

9.47 
11.47 

4  51 
4.65 

84.66 

82.38 

Low-protein 

112 

195 

1.54 

11.09 

4.37 

83.00 

196 

1.30 

9.44 

3.95 

85.31 

Low-oil 

105 

197 

1.26 

11.20 

4.46 

83.08 

198 

1.44 

10.23 

4  53 

83.80 

199 

1.29 

10  64 

4.67 

83.40 

200 

1.39 

10.13 

4.84 

83.64 

201 
202 

1.38 
1.39 

9.64 
11.26 

5.22 
4.96 

83  76 
82.39 

High-oil 

105 

203 

1.26 

10.48 

4.59       i       83.67 

204 
205 
206 

1.66 
1.46 
1.34 

12.57 
10.71 

10.27 

4.82 
5.36 
4.65 

80.95 
82.47 
83.74 

High-protein 
High-oil 

118 
116 

207 

1  25 

11.09 

4.27 

83.39 

208 
209 

1.48 
1.48 

12.05 
10.22 

4.78 
4.30 

81.69 
84.00 

High-protein 

124 

210 

1.45 

11.16 

4.75 

82.64 

211 

1.48 

10.44 

4.21 

83.87 

212 

1.27 

9.75 

4.12 

84  86 

Low-oil 

111 

213 

214 

1.53 
1.58 

12.40 
10.22 

4.75 
4.43 

81.32 
83.77 

High-protein 

104 

215 
216 

1.45 
1.42 

9.22 
10.27 

4.60 
4.35 

84.73 
83.96 

Low-protein 

108 

217 

1.32 

9.39 

4.83 

84.46 

218 

1.40 

9.74 

4.71 

84.15 

219 

1.37 

9.92 

4.32 

84  39 

220 
221 

1.43 
1.32 

9.63 
10.33 

5.23 
5.01 

83.71 
83.34 

High-oil 

104 

222 
223 

1.41 
1.49 

12.34 
10.58 

4.57 
4.64 

81.68 
83.29 

High-protein 

122 

224 

1.52 

11.36 

4.63 

82.49 

225 
226 

1.33 
1.36 

9.15 
10.31 

4.55 
5  08 

84.97 
83.25 

Low-protein 

104 

227 
228 

1.46 
1.41 

12.63 
12.16 

5.15 
4.12 

80.76 
82.31 

High-protein 
Low-oil 

107 
109 

229 

1.36 

11.04 

4.52 

83.08 

230 
231 

1.43 
1.33 

12.10 
10  95 

4.29 
4.60 

82.18 
83.12 

High-protein 

103  , 

232 
233 

1.52 
1.40 

12.76 
9.75 

4.10 
4  14 

81.62 
84.71 

High-protein 

116 

234 

1.39 

10.78 

4.76 

83.07 

235 
236 

237 
238 

1.58 
1.40 
1.47 
1.60 

9.97 
10.18 
11.16 
11.42 

5.27 
6.02 
5.13 
5.20 

83.18 
82.  41) 
82.24 
81.78 

High-oil 
High-oil 
High-oil 
High-oil 

119 
112 
122 
121 

1908.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING.  495 

TABLE  16. — FIRST  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1897 


Register 

fByDara 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

fBy  Dam 

Protein,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested 

planted. 

vested. 

101 

102 

11.89 
12.07 

9.61 
11.07 

*114 

13.06 

j  10  89 
j  10  67 

103 
104 

12.10 
12.40 

10.94 
11.48 

*115 

13.10 

I  10.34 
(  11.48 

105 

12.28 

10.85 

116 

12.76 

11.05 

106 

12.38 

11.64 

117 

12  40 

10.75 

107 

12.63 

11.46 

118 

12.57 

10.86 

108 

12.51 

11.57 

119 

12.36 

11.07 

H  i9 

12.68 

11.17 

120 

12.42 

10.88 

110 

12.79 

11.14 

121 

12.28 

11.73 

111 

12.81 

11.16 

122 

12.34 

10.76 

j  11.60 

123 

12.21 

11  30 

*112 

13.87 

(11.31 

124 

12.05 

11.53 

*113 

12.96 

j  11.07 

(  11.44 

Average  of  plot 

12.54 

11.10 

*Crop  from  Reg.  Nos.  112,  113,  114,  and  115  sampled  in  duplicate. 
fFirst  generation  not  known. 


496 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE   17. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWELVE  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1897 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  101 

By  Dam  ill 

By  Dam  117 

271 

8.82 

321 

11.43 

371 

11.75 

272 

8.42 

322 

10.94 

372 

9.46 

273 

11.60 

323 

11.18 

373 

11.17 

274 

8.34 

324 

11.55 

374 

8.67 

By  Dam  102 

By  Dam  H2 

By  Dam  us 

276 

12.83 

215 

326 

13.62 

212 

376 

10.47 

277 

10.46 

327 

10.99 

377 

10.92 

278 

9.95 

328 

11  07 

378 

9.32 

279 

10.96 

329 

9.18 

379 

12.28 

218 

By  Dam  103 

*  By  Dam  112 

By  Dam  119 

281 

12.62 

208 

331 

11.40 

381 

9.31 

282 

10.43 

332 

12.24 

205 

382 

11.00 

283 

9.87 

333 

10.06 

383 

12.23 

221 

284 

11.58 

334 

11.02 

384 

11.99 

201 

By  Dam  104 

By  Dam  113 

By  Dam  120 

286 

10.97 

336 

10.78 

386 

12.10 

203 

287 

11.08 

337 

11.28. 

387 

9.20 

288 

10.23 

338 

11.09 

388 

9.76 

289 

12.99 

214 

339 

12.85 

210 

389 

9.18 

By  Dam  105 

*  By  Dam  113 

By  Dam  121 

291 

11.52 

341 

11.65 

391 

12.46 

207 

292 

10.44 

342 

11.35 

392 

11.14 

293 

11.92 

343 

10.60 

393 

10.03 

294 

11.25 

344 

12.16 

220 

394 

13.27 

211 

By  Dam  106 

By  Dam  114 

By  Dam  122 

296 

11.11 

346 

11.63 

396 

9.94 

297 

12  07 

222 

347 

12.26 

204 

397 

11.78 

298 

13.58 

213 

348 

8.76 

398 

11.30 

299 

11.68 

349 

10.69 

299 

11.08 

By  Dam  107 

*   By  Dam  114 

By  Dam  123 

301 

10.80 

351       11.39 

401 

11.23 

302 

12.26 

219 

352       10.59 

402 

10.92 

303 

11.20 

353 

9.65 

403 

9.72 

304 

11.97 

223 

354 

9.83 

404 

11.14 

Dy  Dam  108 

By  Dam  115 

By  Dam  124 

3^6 

12.33 

206 

356 

8.63 

406 

10.44 

307 

12.39 

217 

357 

11.08 

407 

12.72 

216 

308 

9.64 

358 

11.39 

408 

12.80 

209 

309 

9.93 

359 

9.12 

409 

11.17 

By  Dam  109 

*    By  Dam  115 

311 

10.65 

361 

11.63 

312 

11.05 

362 

9.98 

313 

9.89 

363 

10.45 

314 

10.22 

364 

11.89 

224 

By  Dam  110 

By  Dam  116 

316 

11.08 

366 

12.01 

202 

317 

10.29 

367 

9.51 

318 

11.72 

368 

11.43 

319 

8.76 

369 

11.76 

*An  extra  set  of  ears  were  analyzed  from  Dams  112,  113,  114  and  115. 


1908.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 

TABLE  18. — SECOND  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD, 


497 


Register 

By  Dam 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Protein,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

201 

202 

119 
116 

11.99 
12.01 

11.18 
10.86 

*213 

1C6 

13.58 

(  11.74 
|  11.42 

203 

120 

12.10 

10.64 

*214 

104 

12.99 

(11.42 

204 

114 

12.26 

11.26 

(11.20 

205 

112 

12.24 

11.61 

215 

102 

12.83 

11.34 

206 

108 

12.33 

11.24 

216 

124 

12.72 

10.77 

207 

121 

12.16 

11.26 

217 

108 

12.39 

11.03 

208 

103 

12.62 

10  80 

218 

118 

12.28 

10.96 

209 

124 

12.80 

10.55 

219 

107 

12.26 

10.47 

210 

113 

12.85 

10  92 

220 

113 

12.16 

10.33 

f  11.06 

221 

119 

12.23 

11.58 

*211 

121 

13.27 

\10.67 

222 

106 

12.07 

9  78 

*212 

112 

13.62 

(  11.17 
(12.48 

223 
224 

107 
115 

11.97 
11.89 

10.72 
10.95 

Average  of  plot 

12.49 

11.05 

*Crop  from  Reg.  Nos.  211,  212,  213,  and  214  were  sampled  in  duplicate. 


498 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  19. — PROTEIN  IN  Two  HUNDRED  FIFTY-TWO  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1898 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 

No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  201 

By  Dam  206 

By  Dam  211 

821 

9.82 

871 

12.82 

321 

921 

11.29 

822 

10.38 

872 

11.65 

922 

9.69 

823 

10.46 

873 

10.21 

923 

9.78 

824 

11.08 

874 

10.13 

924 

10.18 

825 

10.79 

875 

10.49 

925 

11.54 

826 

12.83 

305 

876 

10.58 

926 

11.93 

827 

12.50 

877 

11.20 

927 

12.29 

828 

7.84 

878 

10.61 

928 

11.39 

829 

12.07 

879 

12.01 

929 

10.98 

By  Dam  202 

By  Dam  207 

*By  Dam  211 

831 

10.19 

881 

10.76 

931 

11.98 

832 

9.66 

882 

11.38 

932 

11.05 

833 

9.97 

883 

11.22 

933 

10.04 

834 

11.92 

884 

9.60 

934 

9.84 

835 

11.47 

885 

12.45 

323 

935 

9.96 

836 

10.76 

886 

13.67 

936 

11.01 

837 

12.04 

887 

9.90 

937 

11.22 

838 

11.58 

888 

11.08 

938 

11.09 

839 

9.39 

889 

11.59 

939 

8.76 

By  Dam  203 

By  Dam  208 

By  Dam  212 

841 

11.17 

891 

10.40 

941 

9.84 

842 

10.88 

892 

12.09 

942 

10.84 

843 

10.39 

893 

9.98 

943 

11.69 

844 

10.91 

894 

9.06 

944 

8.75 

845 

13.05 

308 

895 

13.46 

314 

945 

14.92 

312 

846 

7.72 

896 

10.54 

946 

11.36 

847 

9.48 

897 

9.93 

947 

13.04 

848 

8.92 

898 

9.28 

948 

10.12 

849 

9.63 

899 

11.64 

949 

8.89 

By  Dam  204 

By  Dam  209 

*By  Dam  212 

851 

12.48 

•    303 

901 

9.90 

951 

14.25 

313 

852 

10.31 

902 

10.33 

952 

9.83 

853 

12.03 

903 

11.48 

953 

13.21 

309 

854 

11.78 

904 

12.55 

322 

954 

12.91 

855 

11.22 

9i>5 

8.89 

955 

10.37 

856 

10.60 

906 

11.95 

956 

11.50 

857 

11.27 

907 

10.84 

957 

10.69 

858 

9.81 

908 

9.15 

958 

11.94 

859 

9.69 

909 

10.02 

959 

14.05 

311 

By  Dam  205 

By  Dam  210 

By  Dam  213 

861 

11.18 

911 

11.66 

961 

12.97 

306 

862 

12.10 

912 

11.06 

962 

13.25 

315 

863 

11.55 

913 

10.02 

963 

12.66 

864 

13.04 

317 

914 

10.08 

964 

11.68 

865 

11.08 

915 

11.83 

965 

9.29 

866 

11.73 

916 

11.09 

966 

9.89 

867 

11.48 

917 

11.45 

967 

12.12 

868 

11.78 

918 

10.75 

968 

12.29 

869 

10.64 

919 

9.67 

969 

9.71 

1908.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


499 


TABLE  19. — Continued. 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No 
assigned. 

*By  Dam  213 

By  Dam  217 

By  Dam  222 

971 

10.55 

1021 

10.06 

1071 

8.07 

972 

11.80 

1022 

12.24 

1072 

11.48 

973 

9.47 

1023 

10.25 

1073 

10.95 

974 

11.97 

1024 

11.84 

1074 

10.47 

975 

11.94 

1025 

11.50 

1075 

10.90 

976 

12.98 

319 

1026 

11.23 

1076 

10.17 

977 

10.96 

1027 

9.66 

1077 

10.84 

978 

11.43 

1028 

11.91 

1078 

7.83 

979 

12.16 

1029 

9.86 

1079 

9.06 

By  Dam  2U 

By  Dam  218 

By  Dam  22S 

981 

11.80 

1031 

11.74 

1081 

11.44 

982 

11.58 

1032 

11.53 

1082 

9.97 

983 

10.12 

1033 

10.15 

1083 

11.55 

984 

13.12 

316 

1034 

8.90 

1084 

9.94 

985 

13.34 

310 

1035 

9.93 

1085 

11.27 

986 

10.95 

1036 

10.46 

1086 

11.57 

987 

11.38 

1037 

10.47 

1087 

10.53 

988 

11.17 

1038 

11.72 

1088 

9.36 

989 

10.11 

1039 

12.39 

302 

1089 

10.61 

*By  Dam  214 

By  Dam  219 

By  Dam  22  b 

991 

11.39 

1041 

8.70 

1091 

8.74 

992 

9.86 

1042 

10.98 

1092 

9.50 

993 

10.69 

1043 

8.63 

1093 

10.20 

994 

10.75 

1044 

12.16 

1094 

10.60 

995 

12.42 

1045 

12.35 

301 

1095 

11.49 

996 

10.42 

1U46 

10.10 

1096 

12.74 

304 

997 

11.72 

1047 

9.54 

1097 

10.47 

998 

12.20 

1048 

10.83 

1098 

12.07 

999 

10.96 

1049 

10.68 

1099 

12.36 

By  Dam  215 

By  Dam  220 

1001 

11.85 

1051 

10.87 

1002 

11.42 

1052 

9.63 

10n3 

10.39 

1053 

8.61 

1004 

12.88 

320 

1054 

10.31 

1005 

9.32 

1055 

12.37 

324 

1006 

11.04 

1056 

10.28 

1007 

12.75 

1057 

11.85 

1008 

10.33 

1058 

11.26 

1009 

12.09 

1059 

9.80 

By  Dam  216 

By  Dam  221 

1011 

12.99 

318 

1061 

12.78 

1012 

9.96 

1062 

13.03 

307 

1013 

9.71 

1063 

11.72 

1014 

10.78 

1064 

10.58 

1015 

11.51 

1065 

10.95 

1016 

11.39 

1066 

11.50 

1017 

9.81 

1067 

12.04 

1018 

9.11 

1068 

11.43 

1019 

11.29 

1069 

11.42 

*An  extra  set  of  ears  were  analyzed  from  Dams  211,  212,  213  and  214. 


500  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

TABLE  20. — THIRD  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1899 


Protein,  percent 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 



Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

301 

219 

12.35 

10.00 

313 

212 

14.25 

10.74 

302 

218 

12.39 

10.17 

314 

208 

13.46 

11.09 

303 

204 

12.48 

11.50 

315 

213 

13  25 

11.42 

304 

224 

12.74 

11.00 

316 

214 

13.12 

11.77 

305 

201 

12.83 

10.89 

317 

205 

13.04 

12.50 

306 

213 

12.97 

11.35 

318 

216 

12.99 

11.88 

307. 

221 

13.03 

11.91 

319 

213 

12.98 

12.68 

308 

203 

13.05 

10.56 

320 

215 

12.88 

12.09 

309 

212 

13.21 

12.04 

321 

206 

12.82 

11.89 

310 

214 

13.34 

11.37 

322 

2«9 

12.55 

10.22 

311 

212 

14.05 

12.78 

323 

207 

12.45 

12.24 

312 

212 

14.92 

12.21 

324 

220 

12.37 

10.76 

Average  of  plot. 

13.06 

11.46 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


501 


TABLE  21. — PROTEIN   IN  Two  HUNDRED  SIXTEEN   INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM   HIGH- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1809 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  301 

By  Dam  306 

By  Dam  311 

1601 

12.03 

1651 

12.10 

1701 

13.46 

420 

1602 

9.81 

1652 

11.85 

1702 

13.74 

407 

1603 

10.79 

1653 

10.75 

1703 

12.10 

1604 

7.71 

1654 

9.54 

1704 

14.41 

411 

1605 

11.28 

1655 

11.73 

1705 

12.09 

1606 

11.56 

1656 

13.22 

401 

1706 

11.70 

1607 

10.18 

1657 

11.57 

1707 

12.78 

1608 

8.91 

1658 

9.66 

1708 

11.01 

1609 

9.66 

1659 

13.36 

405 

1709 

12.75 

By  Dam.  302 

By  Dam  307 

By  Dam  312 

1611 

9.91 

1661 

13.41 

403 

1711 

12.37 

1612 

8.35 

1662 

12.75 

1712 

12.83 

1613 

9.11 

1663 

11.72 

1713 

10.17 

1614 

9.83 

1664 

11.46 

1714 

12.69 

1615 

11.20 

1665 

12.32 

1715 

10.32 

1616 

11.88 

1666 

11.58 

1716 

11.41 

1617 

10.96 

1667 

13.09 

1717 

12.06 

1618 

10.75 

1668 

12.77 

1718 

11.35 

1619 

9.77 

1669 

11.48 

1719 

10.59 

By  Dam  303 

By  Dam  308 

By  Dam  313 

1621 

11.69 

1671 

11.32 

1721 

13.05 

1622 

11.60 

1672 

11.11 

1722 

9.94 

1623 

9.94 

1673 

12.30 

1723 

10.23 

1624 

13.13 

1674 

9.81 

1724 

11.97 

1625 

10.60 

1675 

10.02 

1725 

12.25 

1626 

12.15 

1676 

10.27 

1726 

10.32 

1627 

12.32 

1677 

10.92 

1727 

10.06 

1628 

12.65 

1678 

10.52 

1728 

9.91 

1629 

11.82 

1679 

9.55 

1729 

11.21 

By  Dam  304 

By  Dam  309 

By  Dam  314 

1631 

10.25 

1681 

10.59 

1731 

11.95 

1632 

12.83 

1682 

12,33 

1732 

13.19 

424 

1633 

13.54 

1683 

13.48 

404 

1733 

13.94 

409 

1634 

11.55 

1684 

12.88 

1734 

11.05 

1635 

11.10 

1685 

11.00 

1735 

10.47 

1636 

11.87 

1686 

13.87 

408 

1736 

10.10 

1637 

9.78 

1687 

13.31 

402 

1737 

12.34 

1638 

10.30 

1688 

10.29 

1738 

13.20 

1639 

10.24 

1689 

12.09 

1739 

10.02 

By  Dam  305 

By  Dam  310 

By  Dam  j/j 

1641 

11.04 

1691 

11.90 

1741 

10.13 

1642 

12.13 

1692 

11.35 

1742 

10.50 

1643 

10.50 

1693 

12.97 

1743 

11.41 

1644 

11.15 

1694 

10.07 

1744 

•    8.74 

1645 

9.97 

1695 

12.21 

1745 

11.96 

1646 

11.31 

1696 

12.53 

1746 

13.73 

418 

1647 

10.81 

1697 

11.93 

1747 

11.76 

1648 

11.55 

1698 

11.37 

1748 

10.16 

1649 

10.66 

1699 

10.56 

1749 

11.20 

502 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  21. — Continued. 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Pro^in, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  316 

By  Dam  319 

By  Dam  322 

1751 

11.12 

1781 

12.26 

1811 

11.17 

1752 

11.30 

1782 

13.89 

417 

1812 

11.89 

1753 

11.78 

1783 

10.69 

1813 

13.51 

419 

1754 

11.85 

1784 

12.29 

1814 

10.95 

1755 

12.16 

1785 

14.24 

414 

1815 

11.84 

1756 

13.48 

421 

1786 

13.89 

416 

1816 

10.60 

1757 

11.23 

1787 

11.83 

1817 

12.00 

1758 

11.02 

1788 

14.20 

1818 

9.76 

1759 

11.97 

1789 

12.66 

1819 

11.19 

By  Dam  317 

By  Dam  320 

By  Dam  323 

1761 

12.32 

1791 

13.97 

410 

1821 

14.53 

413 

1762 

12.46 

1792 

12.35 

1822 

11.31 

1763 

14.78 

412 

1793 

11.62 

1823 

11.95 

1764 

12.70 

1794 

11.69 

1824 

10.44 

1765 

12.49 

1795 

11.61 

1825 

13.31 

423 

1766 

12.67 

1796 

12.07 

1826 

10.46 

1767 

12.04 

1797 

10.72 

1827 

11.53 

1768 

12.% 

1798 

12.92 

1828 

13.02 

1769 

13.41 

422 

1799 

12.10 

1829 

12.01 

By  Dam  318 

By  Dam  321 

By  Dam  324 

1771 

10.85 

1801 

13.93 

415 

1831 

10.09 

1772 

12.88 

1802 

12.42 

1832 

11.61 

1773 

11.81 

1803 

10.65 

1833 

10.81 

1774 

12.86 

1804 

13.63 

406 

1834 

10.81 

1775 

13.05 

1805 

10.90 

1835 

10.96 

1776 

11.84 

1806 

11.99 

1836 

10.35 

1777 

12.66 

1807 

10.54 

1837 

12.78 

1778 

11.73 

1808 

12.80 

1838 

11.15 

1779 

12.32 

1809 

10.94 

1839 

9.62 

TABLE  22. — FOURTH  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1900. 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

401 

306 

13.22 

12.27 

413 

323 

14.53 

13.50 

402 

309 

13.31 

12.56 

414 

319 

14.24 

12.34 

403 

307 

13.41 

12.44 

415 

321 

13.93 

12.44 

404 

309 

13.48 

11.62 

416 

319 

13.89 

12.24 

405 

306 

13.36 

11.53 

417 

319 

13.89 

12.76 

406 

321 

13.63 

12.00 

418 

315 

13.73 

12.21 

407 

311 

13.74 

12.90 

419 

322 

13.51 

12.37 

408 

309    • 

13.87 

12.09 

420 

311 

13.46 

12.13 

409 

314 

13.94 

11.70 

421 

316 

13.48 

12.38 

410 

320 

13.97 

11.95 

422 

317 

13.41 

12.26 

411 

311 

14.41 

12.87 

423 

323 

13.31 

12.71 

412 

317 

14.78 

12.86 

424 

314 

13.19 

11.63 

Average  of  plot. 

13.74 

12.32 

I9o8.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


503 


TABLE  23. — PROTEIN  IN  Two  HUNDRED  SIXTEEN   INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM   HIGH- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1900 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Reg-ister 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  401 

By  Dam  406 

By  Dam  411 

2801 

12.22 

2851 

12.55 

2901 

12.31 

2802 

13.09 

2852 

12.28 

2902 

15.21 

506 

2803 

14.35 

514 

2853 

11.14 

2903 

12.72 

2804 

12.05 

2854 

13.30 

2904 

12.93 

2805 

12.57 

2855 

10.56 

2905 

12.45 

2806 

11.20 

2856 

12.82 

2906 

14.43 

513 

2807 

12.31 

2857 

12.15 

2907 

12.43 

2808 

12.54 

2858 

13.34 

2908 

12.72 

2809 

11.87 

2859 

11.61 

2909 

13.45 

By  Dam  402 

By  Dam  407 

By  Dam  412 

2811 

14.10 

2861 

11.44 

2911 

14.54 

503 

2812 

14.01 

515 

2862 

13.31 

2912 

13.31 

2813 

12.34 

2863 

14.63 

510 

2913 

11.31 

2814 

12.45 

2864 

13.53 

2914 

12.64 

2815 

11.99 

2865 

13.11 

2915 

13.71 

2816 

14.06 

2866 

11.75 

2916 

12.56 

2817 

11.93 

2867 

12.99 

2917 

11.79 

2818 

13.13 

2868 

13.43 

2918 

12.87 

2819 

13.30 

2869 

13.63 

2919 

15.20 

509 

By  Dam  403 

By  Dam  408 

By  Dam  413 

2821 

11.82 

2871 

13.63 

2921 

12.47 

2822 

14.09 

2872 

13.11 

2922 

14.98 

505 

2823 

13.32 

2873 

10.59 

2923 

14.45 

512 

2824 

13.72 

2874 

12.55 

2924 

14.38 

501 

2825 

14.56 

511 

2875 

12.19 

2925 

13.22 

2826 

11.30 

2876 

10.88 

2926 

15.40 

508 

2827 

13.55 

2877 

12.57 

2927 

15.71 

507 

2828 

11.64 

2878 

12.13 

2028 

12.48 

2829 

12.48 

2879 

13.90 

2929 

13.58 

By  Dam  404 

By  Dam  409 

By  Dam  414 

2831 

11.45 

2881 

11.26 

2931 

14.17 

2832 

11.86 

2882 

12.53 

2932 

10.89 

2833 

12.11 

2883 

11.85 

2933 

11.51 

2834 

13.70 

2884 

12.54 

2934 

12.98 

2835 

11.54 

2885 

13.04 

2935 

14.19 

2836 

11.90 

2886 

11.45 

2936 

14.30 

2837 

12.63 

2887 

11.22 

2937 

13.02 

2838 

11.63 

2888 

10.31 

2938 

11.92 

2839 

12.86 

2889 

13.77 

2939 

11.69 

By  Dam  405 

By  Dam  4*0 

By  Dam  415 

2841 

11.35 

2891 

14.43 

502 

2941 

13.24 

2842 

11.62 

2892 

11.24 

2942 

13.03 

2843 

11.31 

2893 

11.55 

2943 

13.21 

2844 

13.05 

2894 

11.42 

2944 

12.53 

2845 

12.54 

2895 

11.70 

2945 

13.96 

2846 

11.47 

2896 

11.79 

2946 

13.39 

2847 

11.54 

2897 

11.75 

2947 

12.39 

2848 

12.53 

2898 

12.56 

2948 

13.53 

2849 

12.60 

2899 

12.11 

2949 

12.92 

504 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  23. — Continued 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  416 

By  Dam  419 

By  Dam  422 

2951 

13.37 

,2981 

12.34 

3011 

13.73 

2952 

12.58 

2982 

13.03 

3012 

12.30 

2953 

11.74 

2983 

12.37 

3013 

11.96 

2954 

12.29 

2984 

13.00 

3014 

12.78 

2955 

11.63 

2985 

14.59 

504 

3015 

12.88 

2956 

11.99 

2986 

12.73 

3016 

11.10 

2957 

12.14 

2987 

13.30 

3017 

12.86 

2958 

12.35 

2988 

12.01 

3018 

12.16 

2859 

11.91 

2889 

12.23 

3019 

13.22 

By  Dam  417 

By  Dam  420 

By  Dam  423 

2961 

13.85 

2991 

12.29 

3021 

11.81 

2962 

11.74 

2992 

12.48 

3022 

11.90 

2963 

12.43 

2993 

12.22 

3023 

13.01 

2064 

12.16 

2994 

12.66 

3024 

12.29 

2965 

12.36 

2995 

12.52 

3025 

11.74 

2966 

13.44 

2996 

12.75 

3026 

13.01 

2967 

13.40 

2997 

13.01 

3027 

13.54 

2968 

14.01 

2998 

12.15 

3028 

13.89 

2969 

12.87 

2999 

11.79 

3029 

13.50 

By  Dam  418 

By  Dam  421 

By  Dam  424 

2971 

12.23 

3001 

12.89 

3031 

12.49 

2972 

13.47 

3002 

12.66 

3032 

10.98 

2973 

12.36 

3003 

13.10 

3033 

11.24 

2974 

12.17 

3004 

13.68 

3034 

11.44 

2975 

12.73 

3005 

11.82 

3035 

13.00 

2976 

12.16 

3006 

12.77 

3036 

12.11 

2977 

11.59 

3007 

11.67 

3037 

11.98 

2878 

10.52 

3008 

13.16 

3038 

9.34 

2979 

13.81 

3009 

13.31 

3039 

11.46 

TABLE  24. — FIFTH  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1901 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

501 
502 
503 
504 
505 
506 
507 

413 
410 
412 
419 
413 
411 
413 

14.38 
14.43 
14.54 
14.59 
14.98 
15.21 
15.71 

14.78 
13.76 
14.10 
15.02 
13.37 
14.07 
14.44 

508 
509 
510 
511 
512 
513 
514 
*515 

413 
412 
407 
403 
413 
411 
401 
402 

15.40 
15.20 
14.63 
14.56 
14.45 
14.43 
14.35 
14.01 

15.21 
14.22 
13.61 
13.83 
14.19 
13.61 
13.46 
13.37 

Average  of  plot. 

14.78 

14.12 

*Planted  in  Special  High-Protein  Plot:— not  included  in  average. 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


505 


TABLE  25. — PROTEIN  IN  SIXTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1901 
AND  SEVENTY-TWO  ADDITIONAL  EARS  FROM  SPECIAL  HIGH-PROTEIN  PLOT 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  501 

By  Dam  509 

3563 

12.70 

3564 

10.60 

3611 

14.78 

3691 

15.03 

613 

3565 

13.69 

3612 

16.03 

3692 

13.77 

3566 

14.78 

3613 

13.57 

3693 

12.84 

. 

3567 

13.61 

3614 

14.84 

By  Darn  510 

3568 

15.27 

3569 

12.75 

By  Dam  502 

3701 
3702 

12.19 
14.85 

3591 
3592 

14.62 
13.93 

3621 

13.15 

3703 

14.33 

3593 

is!  05 

602 

3704 

12.36 

3594 

13.26 

By  Dam  503 

3705 

14.56 

3595 

14.71 

3631 

14.12 

3706 

13.00 

3596 

13.18 

3632 

13.62 

By  Dam  511 

3597 

14.98 

3598 

12.49 

By  Dam  504 

3711 

3712 

14.35 
11.59 

3599 

15.58 

605 

3641 

15.51 

610 

3713 

11.80 

By  Dam  5/5 

3642 

14.64 

3714 

13.24 

Grown  in  Special  High 

3643 

14.68 

Protein  Plot. 

3644 

14.89 

By  Dam  512 

3521 

13.73 

3645 

14.85 

3721 

12.63 

3522 

12.73 

3646 

14.27 

3722 

15.80 

608 

3523 

13.46 

3647 

12.78 

3723 

12.67 

3524 

13.87 

3648 

14.22 

3724 

15.65    I       609 

3525 

13.12 

3526 

14.93 

614 

.By  Dam  505 

By  Dam  ^/? 

3527 

11.56 

3651 

3652 
3653 
3654 
3655 
3656 

13.02 
12.17 
14.63 
13.57 
12.94 
12.96 

3731 
3732 
3733 
3734 

3735 

13.99 
14.51 
12.01 
12.86 
14.27 

3528 
3529 
3541 
3542 
3543 
3544 

13.40 
13.93 
13.78 
11.78 
12.80 
13.54 

3657 
3658 
3659 

12.80 
13.14 
13.56 

£ 

3741 
3742 

y  Dam 

11.50 
14.37 

514 

3545 
3546 
3547 
3548 

13.16 
13.47 
12.21 
13.09 

By  Dam  506 

3743 

13.86 

» 

3549 

11.76 

3744 

13.34 

3551 

14.88 

3661 
3662 
3663 
3664 

15.41 
13.20 
11.82 
14.17 

604 

By  Dam  507 

Grown  in  Special  High 
Protein  Plot. 

3552 
3553 
3554 
3555 

13  '.85 
13.16 
11.08 
12.23 

By  Dam  507 

3531 

3532 

13.29 
12.33 

3556 

3557 

13.28 
14.12 

3671 

14.54 

3533 

11.96 

3558 

14.61 

3672 

14.88 

3534 

14.25 

3559 

14.80 

3535 

13.84 

3571 

14.69 

By  Dam  508 

3536 

15.17 

612 

3572 

12.08 

3537 

15.00 

601 

3573 

11.18 

3681 

13.47 

3538 

16.12 

607 

3574 

13.67 

3682 

15.38 

3539 

14.20 

3575 

13.07 

3683 

15.49 

3561 

12.86 

3576 

8.94 

3684 

14.51 

3562 

15.40 

611 

3577 

13.58 

506 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  25. — Continued. 


Annual 

Protein, 

Register 

ear  No. 

percent. 

No. 
assigned. 

3578 

13.33 

3579 

15.76 

606 

3581 

12.17 

3582 

15.01 

3583 

13.58 

3584 

13.75 

3585 

15.21 

603 

3586 

13.82 

3587  . 

13.13 

3588 

14.77 

3589 

14.12 

TABLE  26. — SfxTH  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1902 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

601 

601 
603 
604 
605 
606 
607 

507 
507 
515 
506 
507 
515 
507 

15.00 
15.05 
15.21 
15.41 
15.58 
15.76 
16.12 

12.47 
12.83 

ii]59 
12.44 

12!  32 

608 
609 
610 
611 
612 
613 
614 

512 
512 
504 
507 
507 
509 
515 

15.80 
15.65 
15.51 
]5.40 
15.17 
15.03 
14.93 

12.44 
11.76 
13.17 
11.93 
12.42 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows. 

15.39 

12.34 

IQ08.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


507 


TABLE  27. — PROTEIN   IN   NINETY   INDIVIDUAL   EARS   FROM    HIGH-PROTEIN    PLOT 

OF  1902 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  601 

By  Dam  605 

By  Dam  611 

4171 

13.07 

4201 

13.44 

4241 

12  81 

4172 

12.64 

4202 

14  22 

707 

4242 

14.29 

708 

4173 

12.82 

4203 

13.76 

720 

4243 

12  76 

4174 

14.70 

710 

4204 

13.50 

4244 

14  49 

709 

4175 

13.51 

4205 

13  32 

4245 

13.79 

703 

4176 

13.51 

4206 

13  47 

4246 

13.19 

4177 

12.29 

4207 

13  13 

4247 

10.48 

4178 

13.62 

4208 

13.32 

4248 

13.70 

701 

4179 

13.38 

4209 

13.06 

4249 

12.68 

By  Dam  602 

By  Dam  607 

By  Dam  612 

4181 

12.11 

4211 

13.14 

4251 

12.28 

4182 

13.80 

719 

4212 

14.62 

713 

4252 

12.15 

4183 

11  84 

4213 

13.86 

704 

4253 

15.01 

711 

4184 

12  32 

4214 

13  31 

4254 

12.50 

4185 

13.72 

721 

4215 

14  12 

716 

4255 

12.02 

4186 

12  86 

4216 

14  02 

717 

4256 

13.22 

4187 

14.25 

715 

4217 

11.50 

4257 

12.49 

4188 

13.30 

4218 

14  37 

714 

4258 

11.04 

4189 

14.75 

712 

4219 

13.66 

4259 

12.66 

By  Dam  604 

By  Dam  609 

By  Dam  613 

4191 

11.77 

4221 

13  28 

4261 

11.60 

4192 

12.32 

4222 

13.30 

4262 

12.36 

4193 

13.28 

4223 

10.88 

4263 

12.99 

4194 

13.08 

4224 

13.42 

4264 

13.67 

4195 

12.16 

4225 

13.76 

702 

4265 

13.98 

705 

4196 

11.69 

4226 

13.45 

4266 

12.36 

4197 

12.54 

4227 

14.03 

706 

4267 

12.91 

4198 

12.73 

4228 

11.09 

4268 

12.53 

4199 

9.99 

4229 

12.99 

4269 

13.02 

By  Dam  610 

4231 

13  89 

718 

4232 

13  68 

722 

4233 

11.00 

4234 

9.80 

4235 

13.12 

4236 

11.79 

4237 

11.86 

4238 

9.54 

4239 

12  17 

508 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  28. — SEVENTH  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1903 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

701 

611 

13.70 

712 

602 

14.75 

13.63 

702 

609 

13.76 

713 

607 

14.62 

14.03 

703 

611 

13.79 

714 

607 

14.37 

11.20 

704 

607 

13.86 

715 

602 

14.25 

70S 

613 

13.98 

13.22 

716 

607 

14.12 

12.40 

706 

609 

14.03 

12.76 

717 

607 

14.02 

12.30 

707 

605 

14.22 

718 

610 

13.89 

12.47 

708 

611 

14.29 

719 

602 

13.80 

709 

611 

14.49 

13.74 

720 

605 

13.76 

710 

601 

14.70 

14.61 

721 

602 

13.72 

711 

612 

15.01 

722 

610 

13.68 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows. 

14.30 

13.04 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


509 


TABLE  29. — PROTEIN  IN   ONE  HUNDRED  INDIVIDUAL   EARS   FROM    HIGH-PROTEIN 

PLOT  OF  1903 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assign  ed. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  705 

By  Dam  712 

By  Dam  717 

1 

13.68 

41 

13.02 

81 

13.92 

2 

11.98 

42 

12.30 

82 

14.30 

3 

14.42 

43 

12.02 

83 

13.12 

4 

14.40 

44 

12.71 

84 

13.06 

.       5 

14.60 

822 

45 

13.94 

85 

12.51 

6 

12.64 

46 

12.78 

86 

8.47 

7 

11.49 

47 

14.30 

87 

14.90 

818 

8 

11.39 

48 

13.77 

88 

14.88 

804 

9 

13.44 

49 

14.37 

89 

14.28 

10 

13.49 

50 

13.14 

90 

10.47 

By  Dam  706 

By  Dam  713 

By  Dam  718 

11 

14.42 

51 

14.85 

819 

91 

14.26 

12 

11.35 

52 

13.44 

92 

14.38 

13 

12.96 

53 

15.21 

806 

93 

15.23 

816 

14 

13.85 

54 

14.76 

802 

94 

13.91 

15 

12.57 

55 

12.95 

95 

13.98 

16 

11.18 

56 

13.82 

96 

10.93 

17 

15.34 

808 

57 

12.66 

97 

10.84 

18 

12.22   . 

58 

14.56 

98 

12.68 

19 

15.40 

813 

59 

14.78 

820 

99 

10.37 

20 

14.75 

801 

60 

13.65 

100 

11.62 

By  Dam  709 

By  Dam  714 

21 

13.58 

61 

13.34 

22 

14.95 

805 

62 

11.87 

23 

11.87 

63 

13.07 

24 

15.30 

815 

64 

14.00 

25 

12.51 

65 

13.26 

26 

14.34 

66 

12.56 

27 

15.12 

817 

67 

12.81 

28 

15.55 

812 

68 

12.22 

29 

15.38 

809 

69 

13.30 

30 

14.83 

803 

70 

13.90 

By  Dam  710 

By  Dam  716 

31 

14.76 

821 

71 

11.09 

32 

13.42 

72 

11.01 

33 

15.37 

814 

73 

14.50 

34 

17.33 

811 

74 

13.76 

• 

35 

14.56 

75 

12.28 

36 

13.80 

76 

13.68 

37 

15.45 

810 

77 

15.24 

807 

38 

14.08 

78 

12.37 

39 

11.47 

79 

14.34 

40 

14.40 

80 

12.69 

. 

510 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  30. — EIGHTH  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1904 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

planted. 

vested 

planted. 

vested. 

801 

706 

14.75 

812 

709 

15.55 

15.56 

802 

713 

14.76 

813 

706 

15.40 

803 

709 

14.83 

15.19 

814 

710 

15.34 

15.41 

804 

717 

14.88 

815 

709 

15.30 

805 

709 

14.95 

816 

718 

15.23 

14.70 

806 

713 

15.21 

14.99 

817 

709 

15.12 

807 

716 

15.24 

818 

717 

14.90 

14.96 

808 

706 

15.34 

13.79 

819 

713 

14.85 

809 

709 

15.38 

14.32 

820 

713 

14.78 

14.99 

810 

710 

15.45 

821 

710 

14.76 

811 

710 

17.33 

16.39 

822 

705 

14.60 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

15.39 

15.03 

1908.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


511 


TABLE  31. — PROTEIN    IN   ONE  HUNDRED   INDIVIDUAL   EARS   FROM   HIGH -PROTEIN 

PLOT  OF  1904 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  803 

By  Dam  809 

By  Dam  816 

1 

13.88 

31 

13.68 

71 

14.83 

2 

14.10 

32 

16.35 

921 

72 

14.07 

3 

15.54 

33 

14.77 

73 

14.38 

4 

16.41 

907 

34 

14.65 

74 

15.17 

5 

16.89 

904 

35 

15.69 

75 

16.24 

909 

6 

15.30 

36 

13.81 

*76 

13.52 

7 

17.00 

913 

37 

14.64 

'  77 

14.20' 

8 

13.48 

38 

16.57 

918 

78 

13.12 

9 

14.64 

39 

15.64 

79 

13.40 

10 

15.38 

40 

14.18 

80 

12.94 

By  Dam  806 

By  Dam  811 

By  Dam  818 

11 

16.60 

906 

41 

17.79 

916 

81 

13.22 

12 

13.90 

42 

17.07 

82 

15.43 

13 

16.77 

924 

43 

14.74 

83 

15.97 

911 

14 

15.43 

44 

15.83 

84 

14.63 

IS 

14.06 

45 

17.53 

902 

85 

13.07 

16 

14.28 

46 

17.73 

914 

86 

13.43 

17 

15.10 

47 

14.41 

87 

16.76 

922 

18 

14.00 

48 

16.26 

88 

15.18 

19 

14.46 

49 

16.71 

89 

14.65 

20 

13.18 

50 

17.38 

905 

90 

15.15 

By  Dam  808 

By  Dam  812 

By  Dam  820 

21 

16.49 

901 

51 

15.39 

91 

15.83 

903 

22 

12.72 

52 

17.04 

915 

92 

15.92 

23 

14.21 

S3 

16.43 

919 

93 

14.83 

24 

14.77 

54 

16.78 

923 

94 

12.62 

25 

13.80 

55 

15.94 

95 

14.38 

26 

13.75 

56 

14.75 

96 

15.85 

917 

27 

13.46 

57 

14.18 

97 

16.52 

910 

28 

13.95 

58 

13.87 

98 

14.17 

29 

16.75 

908 

59 

15.00 

99 

13.22 

30 

10.61 

60 

15.73 

100 

14.52 

By  Dam  814 

61 

15.74 

62 

16.28 

912 

63 

13.62 

64 

16.50 

920 

65 

15.72 

66 

13.90 

67 

14.60 

68 

15.62 

69 

16.13 

70 

16.33 

925 

512 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  32. — NINTH  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1905 


Register 

By  Dam 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

.Protein,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

901 

808 

16.49 

914 

811 

17.73 

15.09 

§02 

811 

17.53 

915 

812 

17.04 

903 

820 

15.83 

916 

811 

17.79 

904 

803 

16.89 

917 

820 

15.85 

905 

811 

17.38 

918 

809 

16.57 

14.75 

906 

806 

16.60 

919 

812 

16.43 

907 

803 

16.41 

920 

814 

16.50 

14.91 

908 

808 

16.75 

921 

809 

16.35 

909 

•      816 

16.24 

922 

818 

16.76 

14.76 

910 

820 

16.52 

923 

812 

16.78 

911 

818 

15.97 

924 

806 

16  77 

14.86 

912 

814 

16.28 

13.97 

925 

814 

16.33 

913 

803 

17.00 

• 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

16.77 

14.72 

1908.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


513 


TABLE  33. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED    TWENTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1905 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

B 

y  Dam 

912 

B 

y  Dam 

918 

B 

y  Dam 

922 

1 

13.84 

41 

14.65 

81 

15.43 

2 

13.82 

42 

14.00 

82 

13.38 

3 

15.30 

43 

15.83 

1011 

83 

14.06 

4 

12.77 

44 

14.71 

84 

16.16 

1010 

5 

14.35 

45 

14.86 

85 

14.83 

6 

12.91 

46 

13.95 

86 

12.74 

7 

15.52 

1007 

47 

14.51 

87 

15.25 

8 

15.84 

1002 

48 

15.87 

1023 

88 

15.30 

9 

13.39 

49 

16.58 

1006 

89 

15.71 

1003 

10 

13.82 

50 

14.59 

90 

14.79 

11 

11.31 

51 

14.02 

91 

14.59 

12 

12.98 

52 

13.87 

92 

14.89 

13 

13.99 

53 

13.15 

93 

14  ' 

15.81 

1014 

54 

15.07 

94 

14.78 

15 

15.22 

55 

14.29 

95 

12.84 

16 

13.48 

56 

15.29 

96 

15.39 

17 

14.70 

57 

16.10 

1018 

97 

15.10 

18 

10.77 

58 

15.36 

98 

13.87 

19 

15.62 

1019 

59 

14.54 

99 

15.72 

1022 

20 

13.99 

60 

13.81 

100 

15.65 

1015 

B 

y  Dam 

914 

B 

y  Dam 

920 

B 

y  Dam 

924 

21 

16.00 

61 

15.41 

. 

101 

14.75 

22 

14.94 

62 

15.19 

102 

14.79 

23 

14.25 

63 

16.87 

1008 

103 

15.21 

24 

16.32 

64 

12.44 

104 

15.56 

25 

12.80 

65 

14.55 

105 

15.95 

1012 

26 

17.35 

1009 

66 

13.47 

106 

17.05 

1024 

27 

14.95 

67 

15.46 

107 

15.05 

28 

14.24 

68 

15.78 

108 

15.88 

1005 

29 

15.02 

69 

15.87 

1001 

109 

12.00 

30 

15.01 

70 

15.99 

1020 

110 

15.38 

31 

15.15 

71 

13.08 

111 

11.03 

32 

14.74 

72 

15.25 

112 

14.60 

33 

12.92 

73 

15.88 

1013 

113 

15.74 

1017 

34 

14.45 

74 

15.85 

114 

16.59 

35 

17.39 

1004 

75 

13.99 

115 

14.02 

36 

15.23 

76 

14.71 

116 

15.44 

37 

15.68 

1016 

77 

14.36 

117 

14.97 

38 

12.25 

78 

14.11 

118 

14.12 

39 

17.30 

1021 

79 

14.79 

119 

15.26 

40 

15.74 

80 

15.28 

120 

13.90 

514 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  34. — TENTH  GENERATION  HIGH  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1906 


Register 

By  Dam 

Protein,  percent 

Register 

By    Dam 

Protein,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

1001 

920 

15.87 

1013 

920 

15.88 

1002 

912 

15.84 

1014 

912 

15.81 

1003 

922 

15  71 

1015 

922 

15.65 

1004 

914 

17.39 

14.35 

1016 

914 

15.68 

1005 

924 

15.88 

1017 

924 

15.74 

1006 

918 

16.58 

14.50 

1018 

918 

16.10 

1007 

912 

15  52 

1019 

912 

15.62 

1008 

920 

16.87 

- 

1020 

920 

15.99 

14.47 

1(109 

914 

17.35 

1021 

914 

17.30 

1010 

922 

16.16 

14.35 

1022 

922 

15.72 

13.97 

1013 

918 

15.83 

1023 

918 

15.87 

1012 

924 

15.95 

13.92 

1024 

924 

17.05 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

16.30 

14.26 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


515 


TABLE  35. — PROTEIN  IN   ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY   INDIVIDUAL  EARS   FROM    HIGH- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1906 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Reg-ister 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  1004 

By  Dam  1010 

By  Dam  1020 

1 

17.13 

1102 

41 

14.17 

81 

16.11 

1110 

2 

15.56 

42 

13.94 

82 

14.36 

3 

16.62 

1114 

43 

11.84 

83 

12.64 

4 

14.57 

44 

14.00 

84 

14.27 

5 

13.83 

45 

13.14 

85 

15.57 

6 

11.73 

46 

14.75 

86 

15.00 

7 

15.02 

47 

14.42 

87 

14.62 

8 

14.07 

48 

14.37 

88 

12.57 

9 

13.89 

49 

12.50 

89 

13.69 

10 

13.85 

50 

14.96 

90 

14.15 

11 

13.02 

51 

13.93 

91   • 

14.46 

12 

13.88 

52 

15.69 

1111 

92 

14.12 

13 

15.76 

1107 

53 

15.54 

1106 

93 

15.74 

1103 

14 

13.98 

54 

15.16 

1123 

94 

15.63 

1115 

15 

12.69 

55 

17.67 

1118 

95 

13.51 

16 

12.04 

56 

14.91 

96 

14.19 

17 

14.87 

. 

57 

13.67 

97 

13.25 

18 

15.79 

1119 

58 

13.50 

98 

14.79 

19 

14.14 

59 

14.70 

99 

14.48 

20 

14.56 

60 

14.16 

100 

16.17 

1122 

By  Dam  1006 

By  Dam  1012 

By  Dam  1022 

21 

14.88 

61 

14.17 

101 

16.11 

1105 

22 

12.87 

62 

15.58 

1113 

102 

13.77 

23 

12.61 

63 

14.85 

103 

14.14 

24 

14.72 

64 

11.09 

104 

14.11 

25 

12.75 

65 

14.21 

105 

13.15 

26 

12.85 

66 

13.59 

106 

11.30 

27 

16.30 

1104 

67 

12.44 

107 

12.91 

28 

15.44 

1109 

68 

14.07 

108 

15.82 

1112 

29 

15.01 

69 

15.35 

1101 

109 

16.48 

1124 

30 

15.26 

70 

14.45 

110 

10.46 

31 

13.37 

71 

11.42 

111 

14.79 

32 

16.06 

1116 

72 

12.19 

112 

14.36 

33 

13.31 

73 

13.40 

113 

12.47 

34 

15.20 

74 

14.89 

114 

12.06 

35 

15.93 

1121 

75 

13.58 

115 

14.93 

36 

15.08 

76 

13.94 

116 

12.62 

37 

13.78 

77 

16.36 

1120 

117 

14.10 

38 

14.95 

78 

12.82 

118 

14.28 

39 

14.44 

79 

14.18 

119 

15.65 

40 

14.08 

** 

80 

15.79 

1108 

120 

15.78 

1117 

516 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  36. — FIRST  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1897 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By   Dam 

No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested 

Seed  ear 
planted 

Cr<  p  har- 
vested. 

101 
102 

9.31 

9.12 

10.55 

*107 

8.40 

/10.36 
\10.20 

103 

9.08 

10  89 

108 

9.22 

9.89 

104 

9.15 

10.26 

109 

9.33 

10.24 

105 

8.38 

10  10 

110 

9.36 

11.20 

*106 

8.25 

I  10.73 
I    9.90 

111 
112 

9.30 
9.47 

12.24 
t 

Average  of  ten  rows  t 

8.96 

10.55 

t  Analyses  of  seed  for  rows  that  are  not  represented  in  the  harvest  are 
not  included  in  tfre  plot  average. 

*Crop  from  Reg.  Nos.  106  and  107  were  sampled  in  duplicate. 


TABLE  37. — PROTEIN  IN  FORTY-EIGHT  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  LOW-PROTEIN  PLOT 

OF  1897 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assig-ned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
perceut. 

Register 
No. 
assig-ned 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

.    By  Dam  102 

By  Dam  106 

By  Dam  108 

411 

11.37 

431 

10.98 

451 

10.80 

412 

11.47 

432 

9.67           212 

452 

10.07 

413 

11.36 

433 

9.91 

453 

12.13 

414 

11.15 

434 

12.85 

454 

10.04 

By  Dam  ioj 

*By  Dam  106 

By  Dam  109 

416 

8.88 

208 

436 

9.38 

211 

456 

10.16 

417 

9.26 

203 

437 

10.03 

457 

10.22 

418 

11.62 

438 

10.97 

458 

8.22 

206 

419 

10.43 

439 

9.28 

210 

459 

11.92 

By  Dam  104 

By  Dam  107 

By  Dam  no 

421 

9.60           201 

441 

10.25 

461 

11.61 

422 

9.93 

442     • 

10.28 

462 

10.85 

423 

12.45 

443 

11.40 

463 

10.04 

424 

10.43 

444 

9.34 

202 

464 

11.68 

By  Dam  105 

*By  Dam  107 

By  Darn  in 

426 

11.46 

446 

8.84 

205 

466 

13.98 

427 

8.29 

207 

447 

11.27 

467 

12.55 

428 

10.19 

448 

9.05 

209 

468 

13.89 

429 

9.69 

449 

8.95 

204 

469 

12.19 

*An  extra  set  of  ears  were  analyzed  from  Dams  106  and  107 


1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


517 


TABLE  38. — SECOND  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1898 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

By  Dam 

Recrister 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

201 

202 

104 

107 

9.60 
9.34 

10.92 
11.00 

*207 

105 

8.29 

I  10.43 
|  11.14 

203 

103 

9.26 

11.03 

208 

103 

8.88 

10.68 

204 

107 

8.95 

10.06 

209 

107 

9.05 

•11.16 

205 

107 

8.84 

9.83 

210 

106 

9.28 

9.93 

*206 

109 

8.22 

(  10.26 
(10.19 

211 
212 

106 
106 

9.38 
9.67 

10.27 
10.83 

Average  of  plot 

9.06 

10.55 

*Crop  from  Reg-.  Nos.  206  and  207  were  sampled  in  duplicate. 


518 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  39. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY-SIX  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  LOW- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1898 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  201 

By  Dam  206 

By  Dam  209 

1101 

9.26 

1151 

8.90 

315 

1201 

12.70 

1102 

10.25 

1152 

10.62 

1202 

11.02 

1103 

10.73 

1153 

9.33 

1203 

10.97 

1104 

7.76 

309 

1154 

9.52 

1204 

10.89 

1105 

12.78 

1155 

11.00 

1205 

10.25 

1106 

11.36 

1156 

10.68 

1206 

12.31 

1107 

10.17 

1157 

10.30 

1207 

11.35 

1108 

12.49 

1158 

13.04 

1208 

9.81 

1109 

11.98 

1159         9.02 

301 

1209 

9.60 

By  Dam  202 

*By  Dam  206 

By  Dam  210 

1111 

9.99 

1161 

10.93 

1211 

8.66 

303 

1112 

11.07 

1162 

10.58 

1212 

9.87 

1113 

11.26 

1163 

10.24 

1213 

11.63 

1114 

11  ..09 

1164 

9.41 

1214 

9.45 

1115 

10.40 

1165 

7.85 

310 

1215 

10.78 

1116 

11.11 

1166 

11.71 

1216 

9.99 

1117 

11.33 

1167 

8.29 

306 

1217 

9.87 

1118 

10.70 

1168 

11.65 

1218 

10.22 

1119 

11.41 

1169 

9.90 

1219 

8.82 

314 

By  Dam  203 

By  Dam  207 

By  Dam  211 

1121- 

11.87 

1171 

10.10 

•1221 

11.51 

1122 

9.57 

1172 

10.71 

1222 

11.28 

1123 

10.48 

1173 

8.63 

313 

1223 

10.94 

1124 

10.28 

1174 

10.34 

1224 

10.63 

1125 

10.87 

1175 

11.32 

1225 

8.32 

311 

1126 

13.36 

1176 

10.93 

1226 

10.16 

1127 

11.44 

1177 

11.66 

1227 

9.18 

1128 

9.45 

1178 

9.66 

1228 

8.78 

1129 

11.60 

1179 

11.10 

1229 

10.74 

By  Dam  204 

*By  Dam  207 

By  Dam  212 

1131 

8.58 

312 

1181 

16.08 

1231 

10.44 

1132 

12.97 

1182 

12.30 

1232 

11.27 

1133 

7.85 

307 

1183 

13.25 

1233 

10.30 

1134 

9.24 

1184 

8.95 

316 

1234 

12.46 

1135 

11.81 

1185 

11.36 

1235 

9.52 

1136 

11.77 

1186 

9.46 

1236 

10.02 

1137 

8.80 

1187 

11.42 

1237 

11.34 

1138 

10.97 

1188 

8.83 

302 

1238 

10.54 

1139 

8.57 

305 

1189 

10.19 

1239 

10.09 

By  Dam  205 

By  Dam  208 

1141 

10.58 

1191 

9.71 

1142 

11.21 

1192 

11.38 

1143 

10.21 

1193 

9.15 

1144 

7.50 

308 

1194 

12.48 

1145 

9.67 

1195 

11.48 

1146 

9.56 

1196 

10.41 

1147 

9.54 

1197 

11.59 

1148 

10.15 

1198 

10.85 

1149 

8.62 

304 

1199 

9.26 

*An  extra  set  of  ears  were  analyzed  from  Darns  206  and  207. 


1908.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


519 


TABLE  40. — THIRD  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1899 


Register 
ear  No. 

By   Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 

No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  liar- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crophar- 
vested. 

301 

206 

9.02 

9.80 

309 

201 

7.76 

9.26 

302 

207 

8.83 

10.09 

310 

206 

7.85 

10.33 

303 

210 

8.66 

9.87 

311 

211 

8.32 

9.61 

304 

205 

8.62 

9.95 

312 

204 

8.58 

10.50 

305 

204 

8.57 

9.70 

313 

207 

8.63 

9.88 

306 

206 

8.29 

9.83 

314 

210 

8.82 

9.73 

307 

204 

7.85 

9.55 

315 

206 

8.90 

9.79 

308 

205 

7.50 

9.53 

316 

207 

8.95 

10.40 

Average  of  plot 

8.45 

9.86 

520 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  41. — PROTEIN  IN   ONE  HUNDED  FORTY-FOUR  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM   LOW- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1899 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

•    By  Dam  301 

By  Dam  306 

By  Dam  311 

1841 

9.49 

1891 

8.54 

1941 

9.66 

1842 

8.66 

1892 

9.13 

1942 

8.66 

1843 

9.17 

1893 

8.68 

1943 

8.71 

1844 

9.11 

1894 

8.47 

409 

1944 

8.83 

1845 

8.97 

1895 

6.66 

408 

1945 

9.11 

1846 

11.49 

1896 

9.40 

1946 

10.15 

1847 

9.56 

1897 

9.00 

1947 

9.29 

1848 

9.74 

1898 

8.79 

1948 

9.86 

1849 

9.72 

1899 

9.66 

1949 

9.54 

By  Dam  302 

By  Dam  307 

By  Dam  312 

1851 

10.16 

1901 

10.49 

1951 

9.84 

1852 

8.82 

1902 

9.04 

1952 

10.57 

1853 

9.26 

1903 

8.95 

1953 

9.93 

1854 

10.07 

1904 

9.89 

1954 

9.76 

1855 

11.29 

1905 

9.92 

1955 

9.27 

1856 

9.69 

1906 

10.91 

1956 

9.85 

1857 

10.23 

1907 

10.04 

1957 

10.15 

1858 

8.63 

416 

1908 

10.24 

1958 

10.74 

1859 

8.57 

415 

1909 

8.08 

404 

1959 

9.12 

By  Dam  303 

By  Dam  308 

By  Dam  313 

1861 

9.48 

1911 

9.52 

1961 

9.62 

1862 

10.23 

1912 

8.41 

1962 

10.57 

1863 

10.77 

1913 

9.50 

1963 

11.99 

1864 

9.74 

1914 

9.26 

1964 

10.27 

1865 

10.34 

1915 

8.39 

1965 

9.55 

1866 

9.96 

1916 

9.26 

1966 

8.54 

402 

1867 

9.30 

1917 

8.62 

401 

1967 

9.99 

1868 

9.01 

1918 

9.18 

1968 

10.19 

1869 

10.38 

1919 

7.74 

406 

1969 

13.06 

By  Dam  304 

By  Dam  309 

By  Dam  314 

1871 

9.27 

1921 

7.49 

407 

1971 

9.66 

1872 

8.70 

1922 

8.61 

1972 

8.44 

403 

1873 

10.54 

1923 

7.98 

405 

1973 

8.85 

1874 

9.20 

1924 

9.89 

1974 

9.72 

1875 

9.44 

1925 

7.60 

410 

1975 

10.28 

1876 

10.19 

1926 

8.41 

1976 

8.74 

1877 

8.18 

413 

1927 

9.44 

1977 

11.27 

1878 

10.99 

1928 

9.42 

1978 

10.13 

1879 

12.66 

1929 

8.67 

1979 

10.26 

By  Dam  joj 

By  Dam  310 

By  Dam  j/j 

1881 

7.83 

411 

1931 

11.62 

1981 

9.54 

1882 

9.53 

1932 

10.12 

1982 

9.00 

1883 

10.98 

1933 

10.15 

1983 

9.06 

1884 

7.61 

1934 

10.01 

1984 

9.09 

1885 

9.84 

1935 

8.47 

414 

1985 

9.57 

1886 

9.52 

1936 

11.76 

1986 

8.95 

1887 

8.94 

1937 

10.14 

1987 

8.03          412 

1888 

9.17 

1938 

9.59 

1988 

10.48 

1889 

8.48 

1939 

11.86 

1989 

9.64 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


521 


TABLE  41.     (Continued.} 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  316 

1991 

10.33 

1992 

10.46 

1993 

9.34 

- 

1994 

9.96 

, 

1995 

10.70 

1996 

10.09 

• 

1997 

11.28 

1998 

10.59 

1999 

10.86 

TABLE  42. — FOURTH  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1900 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

401 

308 

8.62 

9.14 

409 

306 

8.47 

9.03 

402 

313 

8.54 

9.54 

410 

309 

7.60 

9.08 

403 

314 

8.44 

9.20 

411 

305 

7.83 

9.97 

404 

307 

8.08 

9.09 

412 

315 

8.03 

9.39 

405 

309 

7.98 

9.04 

413 

304 

8.18 

9.09 

406 

308 

7.74 

9.08 

414 

310 

8.47 

9.41 

407 

309 

7.49 

9.35 

415 

302 

8.57 

9.53 

408 

306 

6.66 

8.84 

416 

302 

8.63 

10.72 

Average  of  plot 

8.08 

9.34 

522 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  43. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  FORTY-FOUR  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  LOW- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1900 


Annual 
ear  No 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
HO. 

assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  401 

By  Dam  406 

B     DaM  411 

3041 

9.82 

3091 

8.50 

3141 

7.54 

510 

3042 

9.08 

3092 

8.37 

3142 

8.15 

3043 

9.58 

3093 

9.28 

3143 

10.02 

3044 

8.02 

3094 

8.60 

3144 

11.05 

3045 

7.96 

3095 

8.30 

3145 

8.87 

3046 

7.62 

511 

3096 

7.91 

3146 

9.54 

3047 

8.61 

3097 

10.26 

3147 

11.32 

3048 

9.36 

3098 

7.67 

503 

3148 

10.73 

3049 

8.55 

3099 

8.25 

3149 

12.29 

By  Dam  402 

By  Dam  407 

By  Dam  412 

3051 

8.44 

3101 

8.27 

3151 

10.76 

3052 

8.90 

3102 

8.39 

3152 

11.16 

3053 

9.47 

3103 

11.85 

3153 

11.12 

3054 

9.67 

3104 

8.57 

3154 

10.12 

3055 

7.90 

514 

3105 

9.13 

3155 

7.78 

513 

3056 

8.95 

3106 

10.13 

3156 

8.69 

3057 

10.90 

3107 

8.52 

3157 

9.14 

3058 

8.34 

3108 

7.79 

501 

3158 

10.05 

3059 

10.23 

3109 

9.81 

3159 

9.34 

By  Dam  403 

By  Dam  408 

By  Dam  413 

3061 

8.40 

3111 

7.90 

3161 

9.39 

3062 

9.04 

3112 

8.57 

3162 

9.85 

3063 

7.50 

505 

3113 

8.04 

3163 

8.14 

3064 

8.60 

3114 

8.18 

3164 

8.74 

3065 

9.95 

3115 

7.26 

508 

3165 

9.21 

3066 

7.43 

506 

3116 

9.79 

3166 

8.54 

' 

3067 

9.71 

3117 

8.14 

3167 

9.54 

3068 

10.19 

3118 

11.83 

3168 

8.87 

3069 

7.67 

3119 

8.67 

3169 

9.72 

By  Dam  404 

By  Dam  409 

By  Dam  414 

3071 

7.75 

502 

3121 

9.58 

3171 

8.14 

3072 

9.08 

3122 

8.12 

3172 

10.12 

3073 

10.53 

3123 

8.93 

3173 

8.68 

3074 

8.09 

3124 

8.02 

3174 

9.31 

3075 

9.81 

3125 

8.46 

3175 

8.86 

3076 

9.32 

3126 

9.33 

3176 

9.28 

3077 

9.36 

3127 

9.56 

3177 

8.16 

3078 

7.08 

507 

3128 

9.19 

3178 

8.81 

3079 

10.08 

3129 

8.28 

3179 

8.70 

By  Dam  405 

By  Dam  410 

By  Dam  415 

3081 

7.49 

509 

3131 

8.72 

3181 

8.40 

3082 

9.53 

3132 

8.49 

3182 

10.89 

3083 

8.56 

3133 

7.70 

512 

3183 

10.91 

3084 

8.48 

3134 

9.66 

3184 

9.85 

3085 

8.24 

3135 

9.18 

3185 

9.91 

3086 

9.77 

3136 

9.17 

3186 

8.55 

3087 

9.67 

3137 

8.17 

3187 

9.03 

3088 

10.47 

3138 

10.31 

3188 

8.92 

3089 

9.99 

3139 

7.56 

504 

3189 

9.94 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


523 


TABLE  43. — Continued 


Annual 

Protein 

Register 

•VT 

ear  No. 

percent. 

.No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  416 

3191 

10.51 

3192 

9.52 

3193 

9.52 

3194 

9.93 

3195 

8.58 

3196 

10.74 

3197 

11.09 

3198 

9.86 

3199 

9.41 

TABLE  44.— FIFTH  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD  1901 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Recrister 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  bar- 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested  . 

501 

407 

7.79 

10.30 

508 

408 

7.26 

9  92 

502 

404 

7.75 

9.50 

509 

405 

7.49 

10.90 

503 

406 

7.67 

9.69 

510 

411 

7.54 

9.38 

504 

410 

7.56 

9.97 

511 

401 

7.62 

10.68 

505 

403 

7.50 

9.59 

512 

410 

7.70 

10  44 

506 

403 

7.43 

10.08 

513 

412 

7.78 

9.61 

507 

404 

7.08 

10.54 

514 

402 

7.90 

9.97 

Averag-e  of  plot 

7.58 

10.04 

524 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  45. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY-SIX  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  LOW- 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1901 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  501 

By  Dam  506 

By  Dam  511 

3751 

9.79 

3801 

9.56 

3851 

9.24 

3752 

9.85 

3802 

10.30 

3852 

10.25 

3753 

11.03 

3803 

9.03 

3853 

12.82 

3754 

9.17 

3804 

8.36 

602 

3854 

10.93 

3755 

10.22 

3805 

9.61 

3855 

9.73 

3756 

10.32 

3806 

9.80 

3856 

9.98 

3757 

10.12 

3807 

9.78 

3857 

10.78 

3758 

9.01 

3808 

8.36 

613 

3858 

9.91 

3759 

8.89 

3809 

9.77 

3859 

8.22 

By  Dam  502 

By  Dam  507 

By  Dam  512 

3761 

8.37 

614 

3811 

10.26 

3861 

8.61 

3762 

7.77 

609 

3812 

9.03 

3862 

8.72 

3763 

9.08 

3813 

9.70 

3863 

8.93 

3764 

8.14 

610 

3814 

11.22 

3864 

10.03 

3765 

8.44 

3815 

11.39 

3865 

9.35 

3766 

10.37 

3816 

9.27 

3866 

8.78 

3767 

8.43 

3817 

8.92 

3867 

9.75 

3768 

11.63 

3818 

10.50 

3868 

12.47 

3769 

11.11 

3819 

10.52 

3869 

10.79 

By  Dam  503 

By  Dam  508 

By  Dam  j/j 

3771 

8.20 

611 

3821 

8.83 

3871 

9.40 

3772 

9.33 

3822 

10.29 

3872 

8.71 

3773 

9.44 

3823 

10.05 

3873 

7.54 

607 

3774 

10.03 

3824 

9.11 

3874 

9.06 

3775 

8.41 

601 

3825 

10.24 

3875 

9.05 

3776 

9.52 

3826 

9.05 

3876 

10.84 

3777 

10.51 

3827 

9.68 

3877 

8.87 

3778 

9.88 

3828 

9.08 

3878 

9.53 

3779 

9.60 

3829 

9.66 

3879 

9.79 

By  Dam  504. 

By  Dam  509 

By  Dam  514 

3781 

8.41 

3831 

9.83 

3881 

9.61 

3782 

9.18 

3832 

13.05 

3882 

7.66 

606 

3783 

11.38 

3833 

11.44 

3883 

9.60 

3784 

8.49 

3834 

10.54 

3884 

11.75 

3785 

10.83 

3835 

9.57 

3885 

8.03 

605 

3786 

8.68 

3836 

10.23 

3886 

8.25 

603 

3787 

8.49 

3837 

12.02 

3887 

11.34 

3788 

10.72 

3838 

9.23 

3888 

8.53 

3789 

11.18 

3839 

11.59 

3889 

10.97 

By  Dam  505 

By  Dam  510 

3791 

9.45 

3841 

8.73 

3792 

9.16 

3842 

7.59 

608 

3793 

10.19 

3843 

8.53 

3794 

8.19 

3844 

10.26 

3795 

10.41 

3845 

9.20 

3796 

8.53 

3846 

8.19 

604 

3797 

8.34 

612 

3847 

9.52 

3798 

9.08 

3848 

8.73 

3799 

10.39 

3849 

8.81 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


525 


TABLE  46.  —  SIXTH  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD  1902 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

601 

503 

8.41 

8.03 

608 

510 

7.59 

8.01 

602 

506 

8.36 

7.78 

609 

502 

7.77 

603 

514 

8.25 

7.63 

610 

502 

8.14 

8.53 

604 

510 

8.19 

611 

503 

8.20 

605 

514 

8.03 

8.47 

612 

505 

8.34 

8.29 

606 

514 

7.66 

8.43 

613 

506 

8.36 

8.47 

607 

513 

7.54 

614 

.502 

8.37 

8.57 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

8.15 

8.22 

TABLE  47. — PROTEIN  IN  NINETY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  LOW-PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1902 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  601 

By  Dam  605 

By  Dam  612 

4271 

7.66 

4301 

7.96 

4341 

7.57 

4272 

9.05 

4302 

9.38 

4342 

8.15 

4273 

7.89 

4303 

8.04 

4343 

8.11 

4274 

8.63 

4304 

8.41 

4344 

7.73 

4275 

7.74 

4305 

7.53 

4345 

8.70 

4276 

6.98 

707 

4306 

8.20 

4346 

6.84 

708 

4277 

7.78 

4307 

7.63 

4347 

7.94 

4278 

9.69 

4308 

7.65 

4348 

7.94 

4279 

7.46 

4309 

7.57 

4349 

8.10 

By  Dam  602 

By  Dam  606 

By  Dam  613 

4281 

6.61 

714 

4311 

9.44 

4351 

7.52 

4282 

8.89 

4312 

8.31 

4352 

8.17 

4283 

8.31 

4313 

7.01 

706 

4353 

7.80 

4284 

8.52 

•4314 

7.65 

4354 

7.47 

4285 

7.46 

4315 

7.43 

701 

4355 

7.59 

4286 

6.86 

715 

4316 

8.47 

4356 

9.12 

4287 

6.37 

712 

4317 

8.03 

4357 

8.63 

4288 

7.59 

4318 

7.62 

4358 

9.48 

4289 

7.50 

4319 

8.27 

4359 

7.23 

704 

By  Dam  603 

By  Dam  608 

By  Dam  614. 

4291 

7.47 

4321 

7.09 

717 

4361 

8.38 

4292 

7.36 

702 

4322 

6.42 

710 

4362 

7.94 

4293 

7.97 

4323 

7.22 

718 

4363 

8.46 

4294 

7.91 

4324 

9.14 

4364 

7.62 

4295 

6.45 

713 

4325 

7.42 

721 

4365 

8.63 

4296 

7.29 

720 

4326 

7.00 

716 

4366 

8.51 

4297 

7.52 

4327 

9.53 

4367 

7.45 

722 

4298 

7.24 

719 

4328 

6.37 

711 

4368 

6.48 

709 

4299 

7.12 

705 

4329 

8.20 

4369 

8.21 

By  Dam  610 

4331 

8.38 

4332 

8.44 

4333 

7.73 

4334 

8.10 

4335 

7.67 

4336 

7.78 

4337 

7.27 

703 

4338 

7.70 

4339 

7.85 

526 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  48. — SEVENTH  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD  1903 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted  . 

vested. 

701 

606 

7.43 

712 

602 

6.37 

702 

603 

7.36 

8.57 

713 

603 

6.45 

703 

610 

7.27 

9.04 

714 

602 

6.61 

704 

613 

7.23 

7.68 

715 

602 

6.86 

8.41 

705 

603 

7.12 

716 

608 

7.00 

8.74 

706 

606 

7.01 

8.53 

717 

608 

7.09 

707 

601 

6.98 

9.22 

718 

608 

7.22 

708 

612 

6.84 

8.88 

719 

603 

7.24 

709 

614 

6.48 

720 

603 

7.29 

710 

608 

6.42 

8.63 

721 

608 

7.42 

711 

608 

6.37 

8.51 

722 

614 

7.45 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

6.93 

8.62 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


527 


TABLE   49. — PROTEIN  'IN    ONE  HUNDRED   INDIVIDUAL    EARS    FROM    LOW-PROTEIN 

PLOT  OF  1903 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  IN  o. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
.\o. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  702 

By  Dam  706 

By  Dam  7/7 

1 

8.58 

31 

7.73 

71 

7.17 

2 

8.40 

32 

7.43 

72 

8.41 

3 

8.56 

33 

8.69 

73 

8.10 

4 

6.82 

815 

34 

6.67 

74 

7.77 

5 

8.41 

35 

7.20 

75 

7.92 

6 

7.14 

805 

36 

7.56 

76 

7.28 

803 

7 

8.37 

37 

8.95 

77 

6.80 

814 

8 

8.43 

38 

7.41 

78 

8.01 

9 

6.89 

816 

39 

8.01 

79 

6.79 

809 

10 

7.26 

819 

40 

8.03 

80 

9.50 

jffy  Z>aw  70? 

By  Dam  707 

By  Dam  7/5 

11 

9.14 

41 

8.26 

81 

7.95 

12 

8.86 

42 

7.34 

801 

82 

7.30 

820 

13 

8.20 

43 

7.37 

83 

10.05 

14 

7.85 

44 

6.75 

813 

84 

7.41 

15 

9.26 

45 

10.20 

85 

8.14 

16 

9.48 

46 

9.05 

86 

7.74 

17 

8.21 

47 

9.35' 

87 

9.00 

18 

8.43 

48 

9.34 

88 

7.23 

804 

19 

8.00 

49 

7.80 

89 

7.37 

20 

7.36 

822 

50 

8.82 

90 

6.38 

811 

By  Dam  704 

By  Dam  708 

By  Dam  716 

21 

7.00 

817 

51 

6.54 

812 

91 

8.13 

22 

6.80 

808 

52 

8.55 

92 

8.37 

23 

7.19 

818 

53 

8.61 

93 

8.60 

24 

6.62 

810 

54 

8.21 

94 

8.57 

25 

7.32 

821 

55 

8.61 

95 

8.61 

26 

6.99 

806 

56 

8.10 

96 

7.86 

27 

8.85 

57 

8.16 

97 

7.87 

28 

7.35 

58 

9.08 

98 

8.61 

29 

7.74 

59 

8.19 

99 

6.87 

807 

30 

7.31 

802 

60 

9.42 

100 

7.95 

By  Dam  710 

61 

7.61 

62 

9.27 

63 

7.56 

64 

7.64 

65 

8.34 

66 

7.61 

67 

7.72 

68 

8.37 

69 

10.05 

70 

8.00 

528 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  50. — EIGHTH  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD  1904 


Protein,  percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

801 

707 

7.34 

812 

708 

6.54 

9.56 

802 

704 

7.31 

9.42 

813 

707 

6.75 

803 

711 

7.28 

8.76 

814 

711 

6.80 

804 

715 

7.23 

8.81 

815 

702 

6.82 

9.02 

805 

702 

7.14 

816 

702 

6.89 

806 

704 

6.99 

817 

704 

7.00 

807 

716 

6.87 

8.66 

818 

704 

7.19 

9.27 

808 

704 

6.80 

819 

702 

7.26 

809 

711 

6.79 

9.36 

820 

715 

7.30 

810 

704 

6.62 

10.09 

821 

704 

7.32 

9.79 

811 

715 

6.38 

822 

703 

7.36 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

7.00 

9.27 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


529 


TABLE  51. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  LOW-PROTEIN  PLOT 

OF  1904 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Reg-is  ter 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 

No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  802 

,#j>  Z?aw  807 

By  Dam  815 

1 

7.60 

902 

31 

9.00 

71 

8.13 

2 

7.71 

32 

7.80 

903 

72 

8.30 

3 

7.83 

33 

7.95 

909 

73 

7.39 

4 

8.83 

34 

8.44 

74 

7.15 

918 

5 

9.41 

35 

8.64 

75 

7.57 

6 

7.96 

36 

8.21 

76 

7.63 

7 

7.24 

911 

37 

7.31 

916 

77 

7.26 

925 

8 

9.82 

38 

8.51 

78 

7.87 

9 

8.14 

39 

6.36 

79 

8.93 

10 

9.61 

40 

8.22 

80 

6.57 

904 

By  Dam  803 

By  Dam  809 

By  Dam  818 

11 

8.94 

41 

8.68 

81 

7.86 

12 

6.13 

908 

42 

9.24 

82 

8.75 

13 

7.24 

43 

9.60 

83 

7.76 

14 

7.69 

44 

7.87 

84 

8.34 

15 

8.67 

45 

7.58 

85 

8.84 

16 

8.55 

46 

7.67 

907 

86 

9.26 

17 

6.78 

914 

47 

7.65 

913 

87 

7.35 

921 

18 

7.38 

48 

7.49 

920 

88 

7.70 

19 

7.24 

901 

49 

8.71 

89 

8.85 

20 

7.64 

50 

8.00 

90 

7.53 

910 

By  Dam  804 

By  Dam  810 

By  Dam  821 

21 

8.44 

51 

8.58 

91 

8.91 

22 

7.16 

923 

52 

9.98 

92 

7.46 

23 

7.06 

912 

53 

8.87 

93 

7.34 

919 

24 

8.44 

54 

7.89 

94 

8.10 

25 

8.71 

55 

7.34 

905 

95 

9.88 

26 

8.18 

56 

8.06 

96 

6.91 

924 

27 

7.64 

57 

8.89 

97 

8.47 

28 

6.71 

906 

58 

8.55 

98 

7.27 

915 

29 

9.25 

59 

10.46 

99 

7.95 

30 

7.74 

60 

7.79 

922 

100 

9.98 

By  Dam  812 

61 

9.90 

62 

8.05 

63 

8.19 

64 

7.88 

65 

8.77 

66 

9.47 

67 

8.63 

68 

7.51 

917 

69 

8.93 

70 

8.25 

530 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  52. — NINTH  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1005 


Register 

By   Dam 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Protein,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Croc  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

901 

803 

7.24 

914 

803 

6.78 

8.91 

902 

802 

7.60 

7.96 

915 

821 

7.27 

903 

807 

7.80 

916 

807 

7.31 

904 

815 

6.57 

917 

812 

7.51 

90S 

810 

7.34 

918 

815 

7.15 

906 

804 

6.71 

8.78 

919 

821 

7.34 

907 

809 

7.67 

920 

809 

7.49 

8.38 

908 

803 

6.13 

921 

818 

7.35 

909 

807 

7.95 

922 

810 

7.79 

910 

818 

7.53 

923 

804 

7.16 

911 

802 

7.24 

924 

821 

6.91 

8.71 

912 

804 

7.06 

8.68 

925 

815 

7.26 

913 

809 

7.65 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

7.09 

8.57 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


531 


TABLE  53. — PROTEIN 


IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY  INDIVIDUAL 
PROTEIN  PLOT  OF  1905 


EARS  FROM   Low- 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

.  Register 
<No. 
assigned 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  902 

By  Dam  912 

By  Dam  920 

1 

7.57 

41 

8.75 

81 

6.78 

1010 

2 

6.86 

1007 

42 

10.80 

82 

8.09 

3 

7.61 

43 

7.92 

83 

7.93 

4 

7.88 

44 

9.97 

84 

7.47 

5 

6.62 

1002 

45 

8.60 

85 

9.38 

6 

9.06 

46 

9.57 

86 

9.52 

7 

8.02 

47 

9.36 

87 

10.01 

8 

8.02 

48 

7.24 

1006 

88 

9.48 

9 

7.60 

49 

8.38 

89 

7.28 

1003 

10 

7.87 

50 

8.20 

90 

7.86 

11 

7.70 

51 

8.14 

91 

6.72 

1022 

12 

9.57 

52 

9.14 

92 

7.08 

1015 

13 

8.47 

53 

6.96 

1018 

93 

8.04 

14 

9.01 

54 

8.61 

94 

10.45 

15 

7.39 

1019 

55 

9.83 

95 

7.46 

16 

6.69 

1014 

56 

8.13 

1011 

96 

7.52 

17 

8.59 

57 

7.76 

1023 

97 

10.04 

18 

8.07 

58 

8.33 

98 

8.18 

19 

8.36 

59 

8.38 

99 

8.71 

, 

20 

8.16 

60 

9.48 

100 

9.69 

By  Dam  906 

By  Dam 

914 

By  Dam  924. 

21 

9.69 

61 

9.09 

101 

9.80 

22 

8.32 

62 

12.14 

102 

7.50 

1012 

23 

9.05 

63 

7.47 

1001 

103 

11.39 

24 

9.62 

64 

8.12 

104 

7.58 

1005 

25 

9.09 

65 

8.58 

105 

7.88 

26 

9.23 

66 

8.15 

1013 

106 

10.06 

27 

8.53 

67 

9.28 

107 

7.90 

28 

9.57 

68 

7.21 

1008 

108 

9.40 

29 

6.72 

1004 

69 

8.35 

109 

9.32 

30 

8.54 

70 

8.54 

110 

7.38 

1024 

31 

8.30 

71 

11.43 

111 

9.20 

32 

8.24 

1009 

72 

9.46 

112 

7.67 

1017 

33 

8.88 

73 

7.38 

1020 

113 

9.36 

34 

9.28 

74 

10.00 

114 

7.81 

35 

8.18 

1021 

75 

9.54 

115 

8.20 

36 

9.20 

76 

9.13 

116 

7.68 

37 

9.57 

77 

7.90 

117 

9.05 

38 

8.11 

1016 

78 

8.76 

118 

8.28 

39 

7.62 

79 

9.20 

119 

9.68 

40 

9.81 

80 

8.53 

120 

9.05 

532 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  54. — TENTH  GENERATION  Low  PROTEIN  PLOT  RECORD,  1906 


Register 
ear  No. 

By   Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By   Dam 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  bar- 
vested. 

1001 

914 

7.47 

1013 

914 

8.15 

1002 

902 

6.62 

1014 

902 

6.69 

8.25 

1003 

920 

7.28 

1015 

920 

7.08 

1004 

906 

6.72 

1016 

906 

8.11 

8.70 

1005 

924 

7.58 

1017 

924 

7.67 

1006 

912 

7.24 

9.01 

1018 

912 

6.96 

8.76 

1007 

902 

6.86 

1019 

902      ' 

7.39 

1008 

914 

7.21 

1020 

914 

7.38 

1009 

906 

8.24 

1021 

906 

8.18 

1010 

920 

6.78 

8.43 

1022 

920 

6.72 

1011 

912 

8.13 

1023 

912 

7.76 

1012 

924 

7.50 

8.71 

1024 

924 

7.38 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

7.21 

8.64 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


533 


TABLE  55. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  LOW-PRO- 
TEIN PLOT  OF  1906 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent.- 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Protein,, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  1006 

By  Dam  1012 

By  Dam  1016 

1 

10.54 

41 

8.12 

81 

7.99 

2 

8.80 

42 

9.02 

82 

8.19 

3 

7.52 

1107 

43 

9.83 

83 

7.54 

1110 

4 

10.38 

44 

8.08 

84 

7.67 

1103 

5 

10.32 

45 

9.48 

85 

7.36 

1122 

6 

7.61 

1119 

46 

8.88 

86 

8.92 

7 

9.46 

47 

7.92 

1106 

87 

8.14 

8 

9.38 

48 

9.48 

88 

9.63 

9 

10.17 

49 

8.15 

89 

10.91 

10 

9.23 

50 

8.53 

90 

9.78 

11 

9.00 

51 

8.87 

91 

7.93 

12 

8.70 

52 

8.05 

1111 

92 

9.07 

13 

9.25 

53 

8.71 

93 

7.65 

1115 

14 

9.17 

54 

8.18 

94 

9.83 

15 

7.94 

55 

7.86 

1118 

95 

8.97 

16 

8.98 

56 

9.60 

96 

8.78 

17 

8.88 

57 

7.97 

1123 

97 

9.06 

18 

7.51 

1102 

58 

9.35 

98 

9.03 

19 

10.45 

59 

8:65 

99 

7.91 

20 

6.94 

1114 

60 

9.49 

100 

9.67 

By  Dam  1010 

By  Dam  1014 

By  Dam  1018 

21 

8.85 

61 

8.19 

101 

7.68 

1112 

22 

7.64 

62 

7.07 

1108 

102 

9.29 

23 

9.87 

63 

8.54 

103 

8.36 

24 

10.17 

64 

7.75 

104 

9.70 

25 

8.43 

65 

8.39 

105 

9.21 

26 

7.39 

66 

9.36 

106 

8.67 

27 

9.52 

67 

9.26 

107 

9.51 

28 

8.70 

68 

7.67 

108 

9.29 

29 

6.73 

1104 

69 

9.17 

109 

9.43 

30 

8.13 

70 

7.47 

110 

8.93 

31 

9.92 

71 

9.54 

111 

7.71 

1105 

32 

9.71 

72 

6.49 

1120 

112 

8.49 

33 

7.02 

1116 

73 

7.41 

1101 

113 

8.88 

34 

7.96 

74 

8.04 

114 

9.36 

35 

7.36 

1109 

75 

10.63 

113 

7.04 

1124 

36 

8.18 

76 

7.27 

1113 

116 

8.88 

37 

8.81 

77 

8.14 

117 

9.42 

38 

8.53 

78 

8.15 

118 

8.05 

1117 

39 

7.36 

1121 

79 

7.57 

119 

9.07 

40 

8.32 

80 

8.80 

120 

8.15 

534 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  56.— FIRST  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD,  1897 


Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By   Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  bar. 

ear  No 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  h  ar- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

101 

5.02 

113 

5.75 

4.99 

102 

5.09 

114 

5.61 

4.84 

103 

5.10 

4.43 

115 

5.51 

5.23 

104 

5.23 

4.74 

116 

5.36 

4.70 

105 

5.22 

4.77 

117 

5.25 

4.47 

106 

5.22 

4.65 

118 

5.23 

4.81 

107 

5.24 

4.50 

119 

5.27 

4.38 

108 

5.46 

4.53 

120 

5.21 

4.80 

109 

5.51 

4.98 

121 

5.20 

4.58 

110 

5.63 

4.75 

122 

5.13 

4.46 

111 

5.65 

5.40 

123 

5.02 

112 

6.02 

4.65 

124 

4.99 

Average  twenty  rows  harvested 

5.39 

4.73 

2908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


535 


TABLE  57. — OIL  IN  EIGHTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-OIL  PLOT  OF  1897 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  103 

By  Dam  no 

By  Dam,  116 

471 

4.44 

506 

4.91 

536 

4.97 

223 

472 

4.79 

507 

4.69 

537 

4.50 

473 

4.42 

508 

5.04 

221 

538 

4.92 

474 

4.59 

509 

4.20 

539 

4.83 

By  Dam  104 

By  Dam  in 

By  Dam  777 

476 

4.84 

511 

5.44 

210 

541 

4.78 

477 

4.82 

512 

5.45 

214 

542 

3.60 

478 

5.39 

209 

513 

5.49 

213 

543 

4.91 

479 

4.40 

514 

5.39 

216 

544 

5.02 

220 

By  Dam  105 

By  Dam  112 

By  Dam  118 

481 

5.04 

516 

4.63 

546 

5.20 

207 

482 

4.87 

517 

5.26 

217 

547 

5.00 

222 

483 

4.46 

518 

4.81 

548 

4.90 

484 

5.07 

219 

519 

4.44 

549 

4.81 

By  Dam  106 

By  Dam  //j 

By  Dam  119 

486 

5.03 

203 

521 

4.98 

201 

551 

4.31 

487 

4.20 

522 

4.22 

552 

4.33 

488 

4.72 

523 

4.91 

553 

4.24 

489 

4.86 

524 

5.68 

212 

554 

4.33 

By  Dam  107 

By  Dam  114 

By  Dam  120 

491 

4.85 

526 

4.70 

556 

4.93 

492 

4.38 

527 

5.43 

215 

557 

4.68 

493 

4.93 

528 

5.12 

206 

558 

4.92 

494 

4.97 

224 

529 

4.68 

559 

5.12 

218 

By  Dam  108 

By  Dam  775 

By  Dam  121 

496 

4-26 

531 

5.04 

204 

561 

4.41 

497 

4.59 

532 

4.82 

562 

4.62 

498 

4.76 

533 

4.98 

202 

563 

4.95 

499 

4.45 

534 

5.27 

208 

564 

4.23 

By  Dam  109 

By  Dam  122 

501 

5.45 

211 

566 

"4.39 

502 

4.95 

567 

4.20 

503 

4.64 

568 

5.05 

205 

504 

4.77 

569 

4.42 

536 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  58. — SECOND  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1898 


Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

201 

113 

4.98 

4.86 

213 

Ill 

5.49 

5.21 

202 

115 

4.98 

4.74 

214 

111 

5.45 

5.44 

203 

106 

5.03 

4.94 

215 

114 

5.43 

5.48 

204 

115 

5.04 

5.17 

216 

111 

5.39 

5.26 

205 

122 

5.05 

5.36 

217 

112 

5.26 

5.55 

206 

114 

5.12 

4.79 

218 

120 

5.12 

5.23 

207 

118 

5.20 

4.87 

219 

105 

5.07 

5.06 

208 

115 

5.27 

5.20 

220 

117 

5.02 

4.89 

209 

104 

5.39 

5.16 

221 

110 

5.04 

5.00 

210 

111 

5.44 

5.25 

222 

118 

5.00 

5.10 

211 

109 

5.45 

5.21 

223 

116 

4.97 

5.05 

212 

113 

5.68 

5.63 

224 

107 

4.97 

5.21 

Average  of  plot 

5.20 

5.15 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


537 


TABU:  59. — OIL   IN   Two  HUNDRED  SIXTEEN   INDIVIDUAL   EARS   FROM   HIGH-OIL 

PLOT  OF  1898 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  201 

By  Dam  206 

By  Dam  211 

1241 

5.14 

1291 

5.29 

1341 

4.79 

1242 

5.47 

1292 

4.43 

1342 

5.90 

302 

1243 

4.44 

1293 

5.57 

1343 

4.68 

1244 

4.66 

1294 

4.54 

1344 

5.33 

1245 

4.30 

1295 

4.57 

1345 

5.70 

1246 

4.38 

1296 

4.52 

1346 

4.80 

1247 

4.94 

1297 

4.52 

1347 

5.09 

1248 

4.76 

1298 

5.04 

1348 

5.08 

1249 

4.62 

1299 

4.39 

1349 

5.31 

By  Dam  202 

By  Dam  207 

By  Dam  212 

1251 

4.11 

1301 

4.58 

1351 

5.94 

1252 

5.16 

1302 

4.37 

1352 

6.71 

306 

1253 

4.53 

1303 

4.93 

1353 

5.73 

1254 

4.39 

1304 

4.21 

1354 

6.49 

307 

1255 

4.73 

1305 

5.59 

1355 

5.78 

1256 

4.79 

1306 

4.83 

1356 

5.11 

• 

1257 

4.16 

1307 

4.84 

1357 

5.33 

„  1258 

4.47 

1308 

6.09 

309 

1358 

4.90 

1259 

5.82 

312 

1309 

4.91 

1359 

5.76 

By  Dam  203 

By  Dam  208 

By  Dam  213 

1261 

4.37 

1311 

4.77 

1361 

4.72 

1262 

4.52 

1312 

4.82 

1362 

5.39 

1263 

4.84 

1313 

5.09 

1363 

5.78 

1264 

5.10 

1314 

6.28 

304 

1364 

4.79 

1265 

5.00 

1315 

5.32 

1365 

5.23 

1266 

5.24 

1316 

4.90 

1366 

5.51 

1267 

5.29 

1317 

5.27 

1367 

5.09 

1268 

4.99 

1318 

4.57 

1368 

5.59 

1269 

4.96 

1319 

5.72 

1369 

5.14 

By  Dam  204 

By  Dam  209 

By  Dam  214 

1271 

4.42 

1321 

5.43 

1371 

5.07 

1272 

5.80 

1322 

4.75 

1372 

5.12 

1273 

4.99 

1323 

5.55 

1373 

5.09 

1274 

5.51 

1324 

5.18 

1374 

5.43 

1275 

4.26 

1325 

5.64 

1375 

5.55 

1276 

5.90 

310 

1326 

4.97 

1376 

5.55 

1277 

4.80 

1327 

5.22 

1377 

5.14 

1278 

4.87 

1328 

4.84 

1378 

5.77 

1279 

5.02 

1329 

4.68 

1379 

5.89 

311 

By  Dam  205 

By  Dam  210 

By  Dam  215 

1281 

5.21 

1331 

5.05 

1381 

5.29 

1282 

5.87 

1332 

4.73 

1382 

4.70 

1283 

5.23 

1333 

5.02 

1383 

5.00 

1284 

5.44 

1334 

5.55 

1384 

5.69 

1285 

4.50 

1335 

4.59 

1385 

5.81 

1286 

5.21 

1336 

5.68 

1386 

5.77 

1287 

4.85 

1337 

5.54 

1387 

5.07 

1288 

5.18 

1338 

6.08 

303 

1388 

5.06 

1289 

5.26 

1339 

5.00 

1389 

6.47 

305 

538 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  59. — Continued 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 

percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  216 

By  Dam  219 

By  Dam  222 

1391 

5.55 

1421 

4.87 

1451 

4.44 

1392 

4.98 

1422 

5.05 

1452 

4.66 

1393 

5.23 

1423 

4.54 

1453 

4.94 

1394 

5.29 

1424 

4.99 

1454 

4.99 

1395 

4.65 

1425 

4.97 

1455 

5.63 

1396 

5.41 

1426 

4.87 

1456 

4.99 

1397 

5,33 

1427 

5.54 

1457 

4.80 

1398 

5.28 

1428 

5.10 

1458 

5.43 

1399 

4.96 

1429 

4.61 

1459 

5.22 

By  Dam  21  7 

By  Dam  220 

By  Dam  223 

1401 

5.26 

1431 

4.88 

1461 

4.58 

1402 

4.75 

1432 

4.63 

1462 

4.48 

14Q3 

5.62 

1433 

4.47 

1463 

5.10 

1404 

5.58 

1434 

4.46 

1464 

4.97 

1405 

5.24 

1435 

5.10 

1465 

5.63 

1406 

5.74 

1436 

4.76 

1466 

4.98 

•  1407 

5.54 

1437 

4.90 

1467 

5.69 

1408 

5.66 

1438 

4.69 

1468 

5.08 

1409 

5.52 

1439 

5.23 

1469 

4.48 

By  Dam  218 

By  Dam  221 

By  Dam  224. 

1411 

5.26 

1441 

4.75 

1471 

5.17 

1412 

4.81 

1442 

5.05 

1472 

4.61 

1413 

5.83 

301 

1443 

4.81 

1473 

4.51 

1414 

4.94 

1444 

5.28 

1474 

5.72 

1415 

5.34 

1445 

4.87 

1475 

4.99 

1416 

5.33 

1446 

5.07 

1476 

6.34 

308 

1417 

4.85 

1447 

5.11 

1477 

5.12 

1418 

4.84 

1448 

4.79 

1478 

4.91 

1419 

4.59 

1449 

4.18 

1479 

5.32 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


539 


TABLE  60. — THIRD  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1899 


Register 

By   Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

301 

218 

5.83 

5.49 

307 

212 

6.49 

5.95 

302 

211 

5.90   ' 

5.68 

308 

224 

6.34 

5.61 

303 

210 

6.08 

5.82 

309 

207 

6.09 

5.48 

304 

208 

6.28 

5.62 

310 

204 

5.90 

5.53 

305 

215 

6.47 

5.94 

311 

214 

5.89 

5.47 

306 

212 

6.71 

5.66 

312 

202 

5^2 

5.40 

Average  of  plot 

6.15 

5.64 

TABLE  61. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  EIGHT  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-OIL  PLOT 

OF  1899 


Annual 
ear  .No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 

assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned, 

By  Dam  301 

By  Dam  305 

By  Dam  309 

2001 

5.07 

2041 

5.21 

2081 

5.07 

2002 

5.28 

2042 

5.24 

2082 

5.43 

2003 

5.52 

2043 

6.21 

402 

2083 

5.31 

2004 

5.07 

2044 

5.38 

2084 

5.67 

2005 

5.50 

2045 

6.20 

411 

2085 

6.22 

410 

2006 

5.61 

2046 

5.63 

2086 

5.59 

2007 

6.42 

405 

2047 

6.34 

2087 

5.23 

2008 

5.91 

2048 

5.87 

2088 

5.13 

2009 

5.73 

2049 

5.65 

2089 

6.09 

By  Dam  302 

By  Dam  306 

By  Dam  310 

2011 

5.35 

2051 

5.84 

2091 

5.94 

2012 

6.11 

2052 

5.85 

2092 

6.12 

2013 

5.71 

2053 

5.76 

2093 

5.49 

2014 

5.77 

2054 

5.43 

2094 

6.15 

2015 

5.34 

2055 

5.77 

?095 

5.17 

2016 

5.10 

2056 

5.96 

2096 

5.90 

2017 

5.74 

2057 

6.18 

401 

2097 

5.39 

2018 

4.30 

2  58 

6.16 

2098 

5.48 

2019 

6.01 

2059 

5.63 

2099 

5.56 

By  Dam  303 

By  Dam  307 

By  Dam  311 

2021 

5.65 

2061 

5.80 

2101 

4.89 

2022 

6.09 

2062 

5.87 

2102 

6.33 

408 

202  4 

5.85 

2063 

5.50 

2103 

6.35 

404 

2024 

6.27 

409 

2064 

5.90 

2104 

6.10 

2025 

5.54 

2065 

5.38 

2105 

5.38 

2026 

6.02 

2066 

5.46 

2106 

5.69 

2027 

6.43 

407 

2067 

5.83 

2107 

4.74 

2028 

5.70 

2068 

6.18 

412 

2108 

5.24 

2029 

5.37 

2069 

6.06 

2109 

6.02 

By  Dam  304 

By  Dam  308 

By  Dam  312 

2031 

5.31 

2071 

5.35 

2111 

4.96 

2032 

5.91 

2072 

5.84 

2112 

5.86 

2033 

5.26 

2073 

6.22 

403 

2113 

5.40 

2034 

6.54 

406 

2074 

4.84 

2114 

5.11 

2035 

5.84 

2075 

5.82 

2115 

4.93 

2036 

5.97 

2076 

5.53 

2116 

5.61 

2037 

5.06 

2077 

6.08 

2117 

5.00 

2038 

5.39 

2078 

5.40 

2118 

5.28 

2039 

5.56 

2079 

5.32 

2119 

6.04 

540 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  62. — FOURTH  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1900 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

401 

306 

6.18 

5.93 

407 

303 

6.43 

5.92 

402 

305 

6.21 

6.29 

408 

»    311 

6.33 

6.29 

403 

308 

6.22 

6.04 

409 

303 

6.27 

5.92 

404 

311 

6.35 

6.16 

410 

309 

6.22 

5.91 

'  405 

301 

6.42 

6.17 

411 

305 

6.20 

6.27 

406 

304 

6.54 

6.30 

412 

307 

6.18 

6.24 

Average  of  plot 

6.30 

6.12 

TABLE  63. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  EIGHT  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-OIL  PLOT 

OF  1900 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  401 

By  Dam  405 

By  Dam  409 

3201 

5.63 

3241 

6.30 

3281 

5.32 

3202 

5.71 

3242 

5.68 

3282 

6.34 

3203 

6.61 

513 

3243 

5.78 

3283 

5.66 

3204 

5.31 

3244 

6.57 

3284 

6.57 

3205 

6.30 

3245 

5.97 

3285 

5.81 

3206 

6.77 

505 

3246 

6.05 

3286 

6.31 

3207 

6.18 

3247 

6.51 

3287 

5.41 

3208 

5.58 

3248 

6.74 

510 

3288 

6.20 

3209 

5.94 

3249 

6.29 

3289 

5.44 

By  Dam  402 

By  Dam  406 

By  Dam  410 

3211 

6.18 

3251 

5.43 

3291 

6.67 

512 

3212 

6.46 

3252 

6.14 

3292 

6.47 

3213 

6.60 

3253 

6.22 

3293 

5.30 

3214 

6.03 

3254 

5.43 

3294 

5.78 

3215 

5.67 

3255 

6.37 

3295 

6.74 

504 

3216 

6.14 

3256 

6.33 

3296 

4.60 

3217 

6.23 

3257 

6.51 

3297 

6.02 

3218 

6.64 

502 

3258 

6.58 

501 

3298 

5.60 

3219 

6.38 

3259 

6.26 

3299 

6.13 

By  Dam  403 

By  Dam  407 

By  Dam  411 

3221 

5.72 

3261 

5.63 

3301 

5.51 

3222 

6.15 

3262 

6.73 

511 

3302 

6.03 

3223 

5.51 

3263 

5.46 

3303 

6.58 

514 

3224 

6.29 

3264 

6.91 

508 

3304 

6.79 

509 

3225 

6.10 

3265 

5.82 

3305 

6.31 

3226 

5.70 

3266 

5.94 

3306 

5.71 

3227 

6.88 

506 

3267 

5.76 

3307 

5.80 

3228 

5.08 

3268 

5.60 

3308 

5.98 

3229 

5.94 

3269 

6.39 

3309 

5.95 

By  Dam  404 

By  Dam  408 

By  Dam  412 

3231 

6.29 

3271 

6.25 

3311 

5.81 

3232 

6.16 

3272 

6.44 

3312 

6.29 

3233 

6.26 

3273 

6.31 

3313 

6.32 

3234 

5.99 

3274 

5.85 

3314 

6.73 

503 

3235 

7.40 

507 

3275 

6.41 

3315 

6.38 

3236 

5.84 

3276 

6.24 

3316 

5.70 

3237 

6.09 

3277 

6.14 

3317 

5.96 

3238 

6.07 

3278 

6.14 

3318 

6.28 

3239 

6.53 

3279 

6.27 

3319 

6.45 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


541 


TABLE  64. — FIFTH  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1901 


Oil,  percent. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

501 

406 

6.58 

5.69 

508 

407 

6.91 

6.25 

502 

402 

6.64 

5.97 

509 

411 

6.79 

6.09 

503 

412 

6.73 

5.98 

510 

405 

6.74 

6.09 

504 

410 

6.74 

6.10 

511 

407 

6.73 

6.41 

505 

401 

6.77 

5.97 

512 

410 

6.67 

6.55 

506 

403 

6.88 

5.92 

513 

401 

6.61 

6.05 

507 

404 

7.40 

6.35 

514 

411 

6.58 

5.83 

Average  of  plot 

6.77 

6.09 

542 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  65. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY  six  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-OIL 

PLOT  OF  1901 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

.Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  501 

By  Dam  505 

By  Dam  510 

3891 

6.55 

3931 

5.59 

3981 

5.94 

3892 

6.58 

3932 

6.53 

3982 

5.37 

3893 

5.68 

3933 

6.55 

3983 

5.61 

3894 

4.92 

3934 

5.68 

3984 

5.61 

3895 

5.77 

3935 

6.64 

3985 

6.22 

3896 

6.26 

3936 

6.75 

3986 

6.20 

3897 

6.01 

3937 

6.48 

3987 

6.66 

3898 

6.35 

3938 

5.92 

3988 

5.92 

3899 

5.56 

3939 

5.81 

3989 

5.59 

By  Dam,  502 

By  Dam  506 

By  Dam  511 

3901 

5.96 

3941 

6.56 

3991 

6.57 

3902 

5.72 

3942 

6.02 

3992 

6.78 

601 

3903 

6.08 

3943 

6.62 

3993 

6.17 

3904 

6.27 

3944 

6.62 

3994 

6.51 

3905 

6.61 

3945 

6.20 

3995 

6.74 

3906 

6.55 

3946 

5.97 

3996 

6.68 

3907 

6.14 

3947 

5.43 

3997 

6.07 

3908 

6.09 

3948 

6.43 

3998 

7.05 

605 

3909 

6.44 

3949 

5.95 

3999 

5.34 

By  Dam  503 

By  Dam  507 

By  Dam  512 

3911 

6.25 

3951 

6.67 

4001 

6.24 

3912 

6.05 

3952 

7.03 

610 

4002 

6.83 

602 

3913 

5.69 

3953 

6.51 

4003 

6.85 

612 

3914 

5.92 

3954 

6.57 

4004 

6.52 

3915 

6.25 

3955 

6.60 

4005 

7.01 

604 

3916 

6.53 

3956 

6.50 

4006 

6.61 

3917 

5.27 

' 

3957 

5.98 

4007 

6.36 

3918 

6.09 

3958 

6.18 

4008 

6.43 

3919 

7.09 

606 

3959 

6.87 

603 

4009 

5.92 

By  Dam  504 

By  Dam,  508 

By  Dam  513 

3921 

6.53 

3961 

6.66 

4011 

6.01 

3922 

6.63 

3962 

5.89 

4012 

6.62 

3923 

7.13 

607 

3963 

7.10 

608 

4013 

5.12 

3924 

6.52 

3964 

6.14 

4014 

5.61 

3925 

6.16 

3965 

5.90 

4015 

6.24 

3926 

6.49 

3966 

6.61 

4016 

6.08 

3927 

5.66 

3967 

7.07 

609 

4017 

5.90 

3928 

6.31 

3968 

6.08 

4018 

6.35 

3929 

6.50 

3969 

6.00 

4019 

5.74 

By  Dam  509 

By  Dam  jf<f 

3971 

6.64 

4021 

5.88 

3972 

6.19 

4022 

5.89 

3973 

6.14 

4023 

5.78 

3974 

6.55 

4024 

5.84 

3975 

6.81 

613 

4025 

6.46 

3976 

6.72 

614 

4026 

5.83 

3977 

7.00 

611 

4027 

5.87 

3978 

6.26 

4028 

6.46 

3979 

6.01 

4029 

5.74 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


543 


TABLE  66. — SIXTH  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1902 


Oil,  percent. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

601 

511 

6.78 

608 

508 

7.10 

602 

512 

6.83 

6.18 

609 

508 

7.07 

6.65 

603 

507 

6.87 

610 

507 

7.03 

6.65 

604 

512 

7.01 

6.61 

611 

509 

7.00 

6.50 

605 

511 

7.05 

612 

512 

6.85 

6.48 

606 

503 

7.09 

6.21 

613 

509 

6.81 

6.08 

607 

504 

7.13 

6.65 

614 

509 

6.72 

6.11 

Averag-e  of  ten  selected  rows 

6.95 

6.41 

544 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  67. — OIL  IN  NINETY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-OIL  PLOT  OF  1902 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  602 

By  Dam  607 

By  Dam  612 

4371 

5.82 

4401 

5.98 

4441 

7.37 

711 

4372 

6.50 

703 

4402 

6.09 

4442 

5.82 

4373 

6.15 

4403 

7.00 

4443 

6.40 

4374 

7.04 

710 

4404 

7.08 

4444 

6.27 

4375 

5.43 

4405 

6.38 

4445 

6.28 

4376 

6.50 

720 

4406 

5.85 

4446 

5.11 

4377 

6.04 

4407 

6.68 

4447 

5.67 

4378 

5.76 

4408 

6.77 

4448 

6.78 

716 

4379 

6.44 

4409 

6.62 

4449 

6.36 

By  Dam  604 

By  Dam  609 

By  Dam  613 

4381 

6.94 

4411 

7.00 

709 

.4451 

6.34 

4382 

6.41 

722 

4412 

6.87 

715 

4452 

5.95 

4383 

5.29 

4413 

6.65 

718 

4453 

5.86 

4384 

6.21 

4414 

6.85 

707 

4454 

5.86 

4385 

6.68 

705 

4415 

6.70 

717 

4455 

6.06 

4386 

5.30 

4416 

6.31 

4456 

6.43 

701 

4387 

6.38 

4417 

7.00 

714 

4457 

6.10 

4388 

5.66 

4418 

5.35 

4458 

6.21 

4389 

6.56 

704 

4419 

6.36 

4459 

5.83 

By  Dam  606 

By  Dam  610 

By  Dam  614 

4391 

5.14 

4421 

7.02 

713 

4461 

5.59 

4392 

5.50 

4422 

6.50 

702 

4462 

6.74 

706 

4393 

5.74 

4423 

6.94 

708 

4463 

6.00 

4394 

5.04 

4424 

6.67 

4464 

6.28 

4395 

6.40 

4425 

6.61 

4465 

5.92 

4396 

6.08 

4426 

6.11 

4466 

6.56 

719 

4397 

6.26 

4427 

6.69 

4467 

5.98 

4398 

5.17 

4428 

6.13 

4468 

5.67 

4399 

6.14 

4429 

6.27 

4469 

6.00 

By  Dam  6iz 

4431 

6.50 

721 

4432 

6.77 

4433 

6.67 

4434 

6.17 

4435 

6.22 

4436 

7.17 

712 

4437 

.  6.92 

4438 

6.13 

4439 

6.45 

I9o8.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


TABLE  68. — SEVENTH  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1903 


Oil,  percent. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  bar- 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

701 

613 

6.43 

6.25 

712 

611 

7.17 

702 

610 

6.50 

6.54 

713 

610 

7.02 

7.04 

703 

602 

6.50 

714 

609 

7.00 

704 

604 

6.56 

715 

609 

6.87 

6.39 

705 

604 

6.68 

716 

612 

6.78 

706 

614 

6.74 

717 

609 

6.70 

6.61 

707 

609 

6.85 

718 

609 

6.65 

6.24 

708 

610 

6.94 

719 

614 

6.56 

6.35 

709 

609 

7.00 

6.68 

720 

602 

6.50 

710 

602 

7.04 

6.62 

721 

611 

6.50 

6.25 

711 

612 

7.37 

722 

604 

6.41 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

6.73 

6.50 

546 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  69. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-OIL  PLOT  OF  1903 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent 

Kec-ister 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  701 

By  Dam  710 

By  Dam  718 

1 

6.20 

31 

6.81 

71 

6.28 

2 

6.35 

32 

6.97 

804 

72 

5.73 

3 

6.23 

33 

6.19 

73 

6.25 

4 

6.44 

34 

6.99 

818 

74 

6.23 

5 

6.09 

35 

6.72 

75 

6.82 

801 

6 

6.04 

36 

6.50 

76 

6.51 

7 

5  75 

37 

6.60 

77 

6.09 

8 

6.35 

38 

6.95 

820 

78 

6.82 

9 

6.73 

39 

7.10 

807 

79 

7.02 

805 

10 

6.84 

40 

663. 

80 

5.63 

By  Dam  702 

By  Dam  7/7 

By  Dam  7/9 

11 

5.88 

41 

7.41 

813 

81 

6.53 

12 

6.20 

42 

6.98 

819 

82 

5.90 

13 

5.70 

43 

7.71 

811 

83 

6.65 

14 

6.39 

44 

6.56 

84 

6.43 

15 

7.08 

816 

45 

7.31 

809 

85 

5.83 

16 

6.37 

46 

6.61 

86 

6.26 

17 

6.13 

47 

7.16 

815 

87 

6.33 

18 

6.49 

48 

7.06 

806 

88 

6.16 

19 

6.59 

49 

6.46 

89 

6.62 

20 

5.92 

50 

6.94 

803 

90 

6.41 

By  Dam  709 

By  Dam  715 

By  Dam  721 

21 

6.68 

51 

6.90 

821 

91 

6.37 

22 

6.34 

52 

6.33 

92 

6.70 

23 

7.33 

810 

53 

7.05 

817 

93 

6.94 

24 

6.68 

54 

7.27 

808 

94 

6.66 

25 

7.56 

812 

55 

5.74 

95 

5.65 

26 

6.37 

56 

6.51 

96 

5.84 

27 

6.47 

57 

5.69 

97 

5.96 

28 

6.78 

58 

6.12 

98 

6.64 

29 

6.69 

59 

6.77 

99 

6.81 

822 

30 

7.29 

814 

60 

6.78 

100 

6.73 

By  Dam  717 

61 

6.60 

62 

6.90 

802 

63 

6.70 

64 

5.80 

65 

6.35 

66 

6.76 

67 

6.09 

68 

5.96 

69 

6.44 

70 

5.52 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


547 


TABLE  70. — EIGHTH  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1904 


Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

801 

718 

6.82 

812 

709 

7.56 

7.02 

802 

717 

6.90 

6.82 

813 

713 

7.41 

7.13 

803 

713 

6.94 

814 

709 

7.29 

7.16 

804 

710 

6.97 

6.81 

815 

713 

7.16 

805 

718 

7.02 

816 

702 

7.08 

7.06 

806 

713 

7.06 

817 

715 

7.05 

807 

710 

7.10 

818 

710 

6.99 

7.17 

808 

715 

7.27 

6.69 

819 

713 

6.98 

809 

713 

7.31 

820 

710 

6.95 

810 

709 

7.33 

7.32 

821 

715 

6.90 

811 

713 

7.71 

822 

721 

6.81 

6.47 

r  Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

7.16 

6.97 

548 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September^ 


TABLE  71. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  ONE  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH- 
OIL  PLOT  OF  1904 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assig-ned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  802 

By  Dam  810 

By  Dam  816 

1 

7.73 

912 

31 

7.53 

71 

8.44 

908 

2 

6.62 

32 

7.31 

72 

6.82 

3 

7.36 

33 

6.88 

73 

8.03 

915 

4 

7.55 

901 

34 

7.72 

909 

74 

7.24 

5 

7.39 

35 

7.63 

914 

75 

6.94 

6 

7.10 

36 

6.86 

76 

7.68 

7 

7.33 

37 

7.43 

77 

8.30 

918 

8 

7.22 

38 

7.41 

78 

7.54 

9 

6.87 

39 

6.88 

79 

7.52 

10 

4.88 

40 

7.62 

925 

80 

7.14 

By  Dam  804 

By  Dam  812 

By  Dam  818 

11 

7.00 

41 

6.68 

81 

7.39 

12 

7.36 

42 

6.27 

82 

7.41 

910 

13 

7.02 

43 

8.09 

917 

83 

6.54 

14 

7.43 

44 

7.69 

922 

84 

7.28 

923 

IS 

6.29 

45 

7.58 

907 

85 

7.03 

16 

6.29 

46 

6.31 

86 

7.68 

17 

7.57 

913 

47 

6.25 

87 

7.10 

18 

7.99 

920 

48 

6.87 

88 

7.22 

19 

6.74 

49 

7.20 

89 

7.24 

20 

7.44 

50 

7.23 

90 

7.26 

By  Dam  808 

By  Dam  813 

By  Dam  822 

21 

7.09 

51 

6.75 

91 

6.02 

22 

7.95 

904 

52 

6.78 

92 

6.51 

23 

6.94 

53 

6.89 

93 

6.18 

24 

7.03 

54 

7.50 

919 

94 

6.62 

25 

7.32 

55 

7.17 

95 

6.60 

26 

7.37 

911 

56 

7.70 

906 

96 

6.37 

27 

6.95 

57 

6.84 

97 

6.35 

28 

6.54 

58 

7.49 

924 

98 

5.97 

29 

6.81 

59 

7.43 

99 

6.21 

30 

7.32 

60 

6.87 

100 

7.13 

905 

By  Dam  814 

101 

7.56 

902 

61 

7.05 

62 

6.81 

63 

7.92 

921 

64 

8.14 

916 

65 

7.82 

66 

6.47 

67 

6.82 

68 

6.60 

69 

6.38 

70 

7.94 

903 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


549 


TABLE  72. — NINTH  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1905 


Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

"planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

901 

802 

7.  55 

914 

810 

7.63 

902 

822 

7.56 

6.98 

915 

816 

8.03 

903 

814 

7.94 

916 

814 

8.14 

7.11 

904 

808 

7.95 

7.55 

917 

812 

8.09 

90S 

822 

7.13 

918 

816 

8.30 

7.68 

906 

813 

7.70 

919 

813 

7.50 

907 

812 

7.58 

920 

804 

7.99 

7.12 

908 

816 

8.44 

921 

814 

7.92 

909 

810 

7.72 

922 

812 

7.69 

910 

818 

7.41 

7.30 

923 

818 

7.28 

911 

808 

7.37 

924 

813 

7.49 

912 

802 

7.73 

925 

810 

7.62 

913 

804 

7.57 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

7.88 

7.29- 

550 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  73. — OIL  IN    ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM 
HIGH-OIL  PLOT  OF  1905 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 

percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

1 
Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  902 

By  Dam  910 

By  Dam  918 

1 

6.67 

41 

7.28 

81 

7.78 

2 

6.40 

42 

7.36 

82 

7.02 

3 

8.38 

1002 

43 

6.27 

83 

8.57 

1010 

4 

6.32 

44 

6.59 

84 

7.73 

5 

7.24 

45 

6.28 

85 

7.74 

6 

6.43 

46 

7.02 

86 

7.41 

7 

6.71 

47 

7.44 

87 

7.46 

8 

7.12 

48 

6.63 

88 

7.12 

9 

6.73 

49 

7.84 

1011 

89 

7.49 

10 

6.68 

50 

7.86 

1006 

90 

8.59 

1022 

11 

6.84 

51 

7.18 

91 

7.51 

12 

7.57 

1014 

52 

7.83 

1023 

92 

7.50 

13 

6.55 

53 

7.68 

93 

7.81 

14 

6.76 

54 

7.18 

94 

7.57 

15 

7.56 

1007 

55 

7.77 

95 

7.87 

16 

6.84 

56 

7.69 

96 

7.79 

17 

6.79 

57 

7.10 

97 

7.89 

1003 

18 

7.21 

58 

6.87 

98 

8.00 

1015 

19 

7.46 

1019 

59 

8.24 

99 

7.39 

20 

7.30 

60 

7.87 

1018 

100 

7.30 

By  Dam  904 

By  Dam  916 

By  Dam  920 

21 

7.35 

61 

7.18 

101 

7.15 

22 

6.58 

62 

7.65 

1008 

102 

6.69 

23 

7.90 

63 

6.88 

103 

6.93 

24 

7.20 

64 

6.39 

104 

7.20 

25 

7.32 

65 

7.65 

1001 

105 

7.35 

1017 

26 

7.33 

66 

8.00 

106 

7.02 

27 

8.33 

1004 

67 

7.02 

107 

6.38 

28 

7.65 

68 

6.70 

108 

7.91 

29 

7.53 

69 

6.27 

109 

8.17 

1012 

30 

6.76 

70 

6.58 

110 

7.38 

1005 

31 

8.02 

71 

7.31 

111 

6.95 

32 

8.25 

1009 

72 

7.44 

112 

6.53 

33 

6.79 

73 

6.67 

113 

7.76 

1024 

34 

8.33 

1021 

74 

7.15 

114 

7.20 

35 

6.66 

75 

7.38 

115 

6.97 

36 

7.58 

76 

7.<'4 

116 

7.06 

37 

7.71 

77 

7.76 

1020 

117 

6.95 

38 

7.98 

78 

6.82 

118 

7.14 

39 

7.26 

79 

6.74 

119 

6.76 

40 

8.50 

1016 

80 

7.53 

1013 

120 

6.87 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


551 


TABLE  74.  —  TENTH  GENERATION  HIGH  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1906 


Oil,  percent. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Register 

By  Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  bar- 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

1001 

916 

7.65 

1013 

916 

7.53 

1002 

902 

8.38 

1014 

902 

7.57 

7.50 

1003 

918 

7.89 

1015 

918 

8.00 

1004 

904 

8.33 

1016 

904 

8.50 

1005 

920 

7.38 

1017 

920 

7.34 

1006 

910 

7.86 

1018 

910 

7.87 

6.96 

1007 

902 

7.56 

1019 

902 

7.46 

1008 

916 

7.65 

743 

1020 

916 

7.76 

7.23 

1009 

904 

8.25 

1021 

9.4 

8.33 

1010 

918 

8.57 

749 

1022 

918 

8.59 

1011 

910 

7.84 

1023 

910 

7.83 

1012 

920 

8.17 

1024 

920 

7.76 

7.60 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

7.86 

7.37 

552 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  75. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  HIGH-OIL  PLOT 

OF    IQ06 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 

percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assig-ned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  1008 

By  Dam  1014 

By  Dam  1020 

1 

7.70 

41 

6.98 

81 

6.77 

2 

7.29 

42 

7.89 

1111 

82 

7.62 

1103 

3 

7.44 

43 

7.47 

83 

7.30 

4 

7.31 

44 

8.02 

1123 

84 

6.89 

5 

7.37 

45 

7.85 

85 

7.45 

6 

7.01 

46 

7.72 

86 

7.14 

7 

6.94 

47 

8.23 

1106 

87 

7.10 

8 

7.72 

1107 

48 

7.58 

88 

7.90 

1110 

9 

7.55 

49 

7.45 

89 

7.33 

10 

7.02 

50 

6.88 

90 

7.26 

11 

7.81 

1119 

51 

7.63 

91 

6.62 

12 

7.69  . 

52 

7.66 

92 

7.49 

13 

7.42 

53 

7.64 

93 

6.56 

14 

7.42 

54 

6.93 

94 

7.86 

1122 

15 

6.87 

55 

6.67 

95 

7.48 

16 

7.47 

56 

7.62 

96 

6.90 

17 

7.82 

1102 

57 

6.87 

97 

7.42 

18 

7.30 

58 

7.47 

98 

7.41 

19 

7.58 

59 

7.09 

99 

6.57 

20 

7.87 

1114 

60 

8.39 

1118 

100 

7.53 

1115 

By  Dam  1010 

By  Dam  1018 

By  Dam  1024 

21 

7.14 

61 

7.16 

1101 

101 

7.97 

1105 

22 

7.47 

62 

6.59 

102 

7.52 

23 

7.08 

63 

7.11 

1113 

103 

7.39 

24 

7.73 

64 

6.71 

104 

7.59 

25 

7.92 

1109 

65 

7.43 

105 

7.33 

26 

7.04 

66 

6.73 

106 

7.67 

27 

7.84 

67 

6.86 

107 

7.13 

28 

6.99 

68 

7.61 

1108 

108 

7.05 

29 

7.44 

69 

7.05 

109 

8.01 

1112 

30 

7.47 

70 

6.96 

110 

7.61 

31 

6.92 

71 

8.33 

1120 

111 

7.46 

32 

7.05 

72 

6.57 

112 

7.22 

33 

7.94 

1121 

73 

7.02 

113 

7.76 

34 

7.31 

74 

6.11 

114 

8.46 

1124 

35 

7.28 

75 

6.88 

115 

7.60 

36 

7.75 

76 

6.66 

116 

7.56 

37 

8.51 

1104 

77 

6.95 

117 

7.87 

1117 

38 

8.05 

1116 

78 

6.68 

118 

7.82 

39 

7.61 

79 

6.88 

119 

7.87 

40 

7.34 

80 

6.94 

120 

7.61 

/poo".]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 

TABLE  76. — FIRST  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1897 


553 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crophar- 
vested. 

101 

4.08 

107 

3.94 

4.01 

102 

4.09 

3.96 

108 

4.01 

4.06 

103 

4.03 

4.21 

109 

4.12 

3.97 

104 

4.07 

4.31 

110 

4.10 

4.05 

105 

3.95 

4.05 

111 

4.12 

4.22 

106 

3.84 

3.79 

112 

4.14 

Average  of  ten  rows  harvested 

4.03 

4.06 

TABLE  77. — OIL  IN  FORTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-On,  PLOT  OF  1897 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned  . 

By  Dam  102 

By  Dam  105 

By  Dam  109 

571 

4.00 

586 

4.21 

606 

3.50 

208 

572 

3.96 

587 

4.74 

607 

4.40 

573 

3.89 

588 

3.70 

209 

608 

3.90 

574 

3.83 

202 

589 

3.85 

201 

609 

3.90 

By  Dam  103 

By  Dam  106 

By  Dam  no 

576 

4.21 

591 

3.85 

212 

611 

3.84 

211 

577 

4.28 

592 

3.72 

203 

612 

4.08 

578 

4.18 

593 

3.38 

207 

613 

4.39 

579 

4.41 

594 

3.39 

205 

614 

3.39 

206 

By  Dam  104 

By  Dam  107 

By  Dam  in 

581 

4.74 

596 

4.21 

616 

4.08 

582 

4.69 

597 

4.22 

617 

4.19 

583 

4.65 

598 

4.42 

618 

4.43 

584 

4.07 

599 

4.04 

619 

4.68 

By  Dam  108 

601 

4.68 

602 

3.55 

204 

603 

3.80 

210 

604 

4.42 

554  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

TABLE  78. — SECOND  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1898 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 

No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  bar. 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

201 

105 

3.85 

3.97 

207 

106 

3.38 

3.69 

202 

102 

3.83 

4.32 

208 

109 

3.50 

3.78 

203 

106 

3.72 

4.08 

209 

105 

3.70 

3.93 

204 

108 

3.55 

3.99 

210 

108 

3.80 

4.18 

205 

106 

3.39 

3.81 

211 

110 

3.84 

4.21 

206 

110 

3.39 

3.81 

212 

106 

3.85 

4.11 

Average  of  plot 

3.65 

3.99 

TABLE  79. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED-  EIGHT  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-OiL  PLOT 

OF  1898 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Reg-ister 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Reg-ister 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  201 

By  Dam  205 

By  Dam  209 

1481 

4.11 

1521 

3.64 

301 

1561 

3.68 

1482 

3.88 

1522 

3.27 

309 

1562 

3.73 

1483 

3.91 

1523 

4.10 

1563 

4.24 

1484 

4.02 

1524 

3.72 

1564 

3.58 

303 

1485 

4.29 

1525 

3.89 

1565 

3.92 

1486 

3.39 

312 

1526 

4.02 

1566 

3.72 

1487 

3.76 

1527 

4.07 

1567 

4.00 

1488 

4.02 

1528 

3.90 

1568 

3.67 

1489 

4.02 

1529 

3.22 

308 

1569 

4.25 

By  Dam  202 

By  Dam  206 

By  Dam  210 

1491 

4.27 

1531 

3.33     310 

1571 

4.01 

1492 

4.60 

1532 

3.67 

1572 

4.09 

1493 

3.81 

1533 

3.86 

1573 

4.11 

1494 

4.12 

1534 

3.67 

1574 

4.26 

1495 

4.19 

1535 

4.34 

1575 

4.45 

1496 

4.27 

1536 

3.85 

1576 

4.19 

1497 

4.37 

1537 

3.50 

1577 

4.29 

1498 

4.52 

1538 

3.56 

304 

1578 

3.80 

1499 

3.82 

1539 

3.34 

306 

1579 

3.80 

By  Dam  203 

By  Dam  207 

By  Dam  211 

1501 

4.55 

1541 

3.83 

1581 

4.35 

1502 

4.02 

1542 

4.11 

1582 

3.82 

1503 

4.25 

1543 

3.59 

314 

1583 

4.22 

1504 

3.38 

305 

1544 

3.66 

1584 

4!so 

1505 

3.77 

1545 

3.35 

311 

1585 

4.61 

1506 

4.35 

1546 

3.63 

1586 

4.06 

1507 

4.17 

1547 

3.64 

1587 

3.75 

1508 

4.08 

1548 

3.65 

316 

1588 

4.39 

1509 

3.95 

1549 

3.72 

1589 

4.45 

By  Dam  204. 

By  Dam  208 

By  Dam  212 

1511 

3.98 

1551 

3.89 

1591 

3.95 

1512 

3.64 

315 

1552 

3.87 

1592 

4.34 

1513 

4.20 

1553 

3.86 

1593 

4.17 

1514 

4.01 

1554 

3.79 

1594 

4.77 

1515 

4.10 

1555 

3.93 

1595 

4.17 

1516 

3.32 

307 

1556 

3.64 

1596 

3.99 

1517 

3.65 

1557 

3.56 

313 

1597 

3.85 

1518 

4.26 

1558 

3.80 

1598 

4.40 

1519 

4.03 

155-> 

3.63 

302 

1599 

3.98 

1908.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 

TABLE  80. — THIRD  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1899 


556 


Oil,  percent. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By    Dam 

Register 

By   Dam 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

301 

205 

3.64 

3.85 

309 

205 

3.27 

3.73 

302 

208 

3.63 

3.92 

310 

206 

3.33 

3.71 

303 

209 

3.58 

3.81 

311 

207 

3.35 

3.76 

304 

206 

3.56 

3.88 

312 

201 

3.39 

3.76 

305 

203 

3.38 

4.01 

313 

208 

3.56 

3.86 

306 

206 

3.34 

3.81 

314 

207 

3.59 

3.74 

307 

204 

3.32 

3.59 

315 

204 

3.64 

3.94 

308 

205 

3.22 

3.91 

316 

207 

3.65 

3.84 

Average  of  plot 

3.47 

3.82 

556 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  81. — OIL  IN   ONE  HUNDRED  FORTY-FOUR  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-OiL 

PLOT  OF  1899 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  301 

By  Dam  306 

By  Dam  312 

2121 

3.89 

2171 

3.55 

2231 

4.03 

2122 

3.45 

404 

2172 

3.57 

2232 

3.65 

2123 

3.82 

2173 

3.46 

414 

2233 

4.29 

2124 

3.91 

2174 

3.76 

2234 

3.55 

2125 

4.09 

2175 

3.91 

2235 

3.41 

412 

2126 

3.93 

2176 

3.60 

2236 

4.03 

2127 

3.56 

2177 

3.90 

2237 

3.72 

2128 

4.12 

2178 

4.16 

2238 

4.10 

2129 

3.68 

2179 

3.79 

2239 

3.42 

405 

By  Dam  302 

By  Dam  307 

By  Dam  313 

2131 

3.79 

2181 

2.94 

409 

2241 

4.21 

2132 

4.17 

2182 

3.53 

2242 

3.63 

2133 

3.62 

2183 

3.14 

410 

2243 

3.47 

413 

2134 

3.82 

2184 

3.22 

2244 

3.81 

2135 

4.24 

2185 

3.58 

2245 

3.99 

2136 

3.54 

401 

2186 

3.69 

2246 

4.32 

2137 

3.74 

2187 

3.71 

2247 

3.95 

2138 

4.12 

2188 

3.60 

2248 

3.98 

2139 

4.20 

2189 

3.51 

2249 

3.96 

By  Dam  303 

By  Dam  308 

By  Dam  314. 

2141 

3.53 

402 

2191 

4.38 

2251 

3.90 

2142 

4.50 

2192 

3.93 

2252 

3.71 

2143 

4.21 

2193 

4.18 

2253 

3.56 

2144 

3.87 

2194 

4.13 

2254 

3.68 

2145 

4.10 

2195 

3.87 

2255 

2.81 

408 

2146 

3.55  ' 

2196 

4.38 

2256 

4.13 

2147 

3.89 

2197 

4.21 

2257 

3.84 

2148 

3.94 

2198 

3.92 

2258 

4.48 

2149 

3.65 

2199 

3.46 

403 

2259 

3.60 

By  Dam  304. 

By  Dam  309 

By  Dam  315 

2151 

3.62 

2201 

3.73 

2261 

4.11 

2152 

3.96 

2202 

4.00 

2262 

4.25 

2153 

3.83 

2203 

3.52 

416 

2263 

3.93 

2154 

3.62 

2204 

3.69 

2264 

3.67 

2155 

4.57 

2205 

3.57 

2265 

3.60 

2156 

3.82 

2206 

3.69 

2266 

3.49 

415 

2157 

3.76 

2207 

3.95 

2267 

4.28 

2158 

3.89 

2208 

3.81 

2268 

3.84 

2159 

4.19 

2209 

3.84 

2269 

3.76 

By  Dam  305 

By  Dam  310 

By  Dam  316 

2161 

3.68 

2211 

3.68 

2271 

4.13 

2162 

4.04 

2212 

4.26 

2272 

3.72 

2163 

3.66 

2213 

4.45 

2273 

3.71 

2164 

4.38 

2214 

3.08 

407 

2274 

4.22 

2165 

4.16 

2215 

3.58 

2275 

3.97 

2166 

4.08 

2216 

3.33 

2276 

3.78 

2167 

4.72 

2217 

3.60 

1  2277 

4.14 

2168 

4.35 

2218 

3.93 

2278 

3.92 

2169 

3.86 

2219 

3.32 

411 

2279 

3.59 

By  Dam  311 

2221 

3.31 

406 

2222 

4.00 

2223 

3.82 

2224 

4.36 

2225 

3.73 

2226 

3.98 

2227 

3.75 

2228 

4.41 

222Q 

3.92 

1908.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


557 


TABLE  82. — FOURTH  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1900 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent  . 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crophar- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  bar- 
vested. 

401 

302 

3.54 

3.61 

409 

307 

2.94 

3.36 

402 

303 

3.53 

3.67 

410 

307 

3.14 

3.40 

403 

308 

3.46 

3.55 

411 

310 

3.32 

3.61 

404 

301 

3.45 

3.52 

412 

312 

3.41 

3.65 

405 

312 

3.42 

3.99 

413 

313 

3.47 

3.68 

406 

311 

3.31 

3.43 

414 

306 

3.46 

3.71 

407 

310 

3.08 

3.33 

415 

315 

3.49 

3.71 

408 

314 

2.81 

3.39 

416 

309 

3.52 

3.43 

Average  of  plot 

3.33 

3.57 

558 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  83. — OIL  IN   ONE  HUNDRED  FORTY-FOUR  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM   Low-OiL 

PLOT  OF  1900 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 

percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  401 

By  Dam  406 

By  Dam  411 

3321 

4.35 

3371 

3.35 

3421 

3.50 

3322 

3.55 

3372 

3.42 

3422 

3.59 

3323 

4.05 

3373 

3.03 

512 

3423 

3.56 

3324 

3.16 

501 

3374 

3.35 

3424 

3.24 

3325 

3.32 

3375 

3.54 

3425 

3.86 

3326 

3.42 

3376 

3.03 

502 

3426 

3.59 

3327 

3.69 

3377 

3.32 

3427 

3.90 

3328 

4.43 

3378 

3.65 

3428 

3.46 

3329 

3.68 

3379 

3.55 

3429 

3.63 

By  Dam  402 

By  Dam  407 

By  Dam  412 

3331 

3.49 

3381 

3.76 

3431 

3.55 

3332 

3.70 

3382 

3.34 

3432 

3.89 

3333 

3.44 

3383 

3.66 

3433 

3.38 

3334 

3.61 

3384 

3.27 

3434 

3.77 

3335 

3.64 

3385 

3.55 

3435 

3.24 

3336 

3.26 

3386 

3.23 

3336 

3.36 

3337 

4.08 

3387 

3.31 

3437 

3.71 

3338 

4.30 

3388 

3.28 

3438 

3.82 

3339 

3.23 

3389 

2.97 

504 

3439 

3.75 

By  Dam  403 

By  Dam  408 

By  Dam  413 

3341 

3.26 

3391 

2.94 

510 

3441 

3.30 

3342 

3.74 

3392 

3.49 

3442 

3.73 

3343 

3.26 

3393 

3.43 

3443 

3.93 

3344 

3.37 

3394 

3.37 

3444 

3.83 

3345 

3.94 

3395 

2.56 

507 

3445 

4.01 

3346 

3.82 

3396 

3.20 

3446 

3.95 

3347 

3.46 

3397 

3.66 

3447 

3.68 

3348 

3.44 

3398 

4.03 

3448 

4.04 

3349 

3.45 

3399 

3.41 

5449 

3.22 

514 

By  Dam  404 

By  Dam  409 

By  Dam  414 

3351 

3.31 

3401 

3.68 

3451 

3.56 

3352 

3.90 

3402 

3.81 

3452 

3.58 

3353 

3.27 

3403 

2.65 

508 

3453 

3.50 

3354 

3.35 

3404 

3.49 

3454 

3.89 

3355 

3.09 

513 

3405 

3.54 

3455 

3.94 

3356 

3.54 

3406 

3.50 

3456 

3.32 

3357 

3.25 

3407 

3.37 

3457 

4.31 

3358 

3.43 

3408 

2.65 

506 

3458 

4.17 

3359 

3.86 

3409 

3.51 

3459 

3.78 

By  Dam  405 

By  Dam  410 

By  Dam  415 

3361 

4.52 

3411 

4.19 

3461 

3.71 

3362 

3.96 

3412 

2.89 

505 

3462 

3.36 

3363 

4.06 

3413 

3.75 

3463 

3.68 

3364 

4.05 

3414 

3.47 

3464 

4.05 

3365 

4.07 

3415 

3.20 

3465 

3.39 

3366 

4.02 

3416 

3.47 

3466 

4.14 

3367 

3.62 

3417 

3.02 

503 

3467 

3.81 

3368 

4.01 

3418 

3.44 

3468 

3.31 

3369 

4.45 

3419 

3.59 

3469 

3.55 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


559 


TABLE  83. — Continued. 


Annual 

Oil, 

Register 

ear  No. 

percent. 

No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  416 

3471 

3.39 

3472 

3.28 

3473 

3.84 

3474 

2.87 

509 

3475 

3.78 

3476 

2.97 

511 

3477 

3.38 

3478 

4.05 

3479 

3.71 

TABLE  84. — FIFTH  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1901 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

501 

401 

3.16 

3.48 

508 

409 

2.65 

3.37 

502 

406 

3.03 

3.41 

509 

416 

2.87 

3.64 

503 

410 

3.02 

3.54 

510 

408 

2.94 

3.44 

504 

407 

2.97 

3.32 

511 

416 

2.97 

3.35 

505 

410 

2.89 

3.47 

512 

406 

3.03 

3.42 

506 

409 

2.65 

3.31 

513 

404 

3.09 

3.44 

507 

408 

2.56 

3.32 

514 

413 

3.22 

3.48 

Averag-e  of  plot 

2.93 

3.43 

£60 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  85. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY-SIX  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-OiL 

PLOT  OF  1901 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assig-ned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  501 

By  Dam  505 

By  Dam  510 

4031 

3.31 

4071 

3.60 

4121 

3.60 

4032 

3.96 

4072 

3.75 

4122 

3.25 

4033 

3.19 

4073 

3.57 

4123 

3.29 

4034 

3.32 

4074 

3.77 

4124 

3.41 

4035 

3.53 

4075 

3.37 

4125 

3.42 

4036 

3.31 

4076 

3.36 

4126 

3.42 

4037 

3.90 

4077 

3.72 

4127 

3.65 

4038 

3.35 

4078 

3.45 

4128 

3.58 

4039 

3.34 

4079 

3.56 

4129 

3.54 

By  Dam  502 

By  Dam  506 

By  Dam  511 

4041 

3.57 

4081 

3.18 

4131 

3.47 

4042 

3.42 

4082 

3.75 

4132 

3.00 

604 

4043 

3.26 

4083 

3.50 

4133 

3.45 

4C44 

3.09 

613 

4084 

3.52 

4134 

3.11 

4045 

3.29 

4085 

3.29 

4135 

3.23 

4046 

3.81 

4086 

2.78 

607 

4136 

3.38 

4047 

3.65 

4087 

3.17 

4137 

3.44 

4048 

3.16 

614 

4088 

3.56 

4138 

3.40 

4049 

3.77 

4089 

3.80 

4139 

3.66 

By  Dam  503 

By  Dam  507 

By  Dam  512 

4051 

3.06 

603 

4091 

3.21 

4141 

3.32 

4052 

3.93 

4092 

3.08 

602 

4142 

2.93 

606 

4053 

3.60 

4093 

3.88 

4143 

3.44 

4054 

3.69 

4094 

3.70 

4144 

3.68 

4055 

3.42 

4095 

3.24 

4145 

3.03 

611 

4056 

3.52 

40% 

3.35 

4146 

3.62 

4057 

3.53 

4097 

3.22 

4147 

3.83 

4058 

3.57 

4098 

3.07 

612 

4148 

3.62 

4059 

3.32 

4099 

3.26 

4149 

3.39 

By  Dam  504 

By  Dam  508 

By  Dam  j/j 

4061 

2.96 

605 

4101 

2.95 

609 

4151 

3.56 

- 

4062 

3.66 

4102 

3.33 

4152 

4.17 

4063 

2.97 

610 

4103 

3.82 

4153 

3.78 

4064 

3.62 

4104 

3.40 

4154 

3.28 

4065 

3.34 

4105 

3.35 

4155 

3.53 

4066 

3.36 

4106 

3.47 

4156 

3.37 

4067 

3.22 

4107 

3.47 

4157 

3.65 

4068 

3.78 

4108 

3.18 

4158 

3.66 

4069 

3.47 

4109 

3.20 

4159 

2.97 

By  Dam  509 

By  Dam  514 

4111 

3.73 

4161 

3.40 

4112 

3.17 

4162 

3.73 

4113 

3.38 

4163 

4.09 

4114 

3.61 

4164 

3.64 

4115 

3.49 

4165 

3.69 

4116 

3.77 

4166 

2.87 

608 

4117 

3.63 

4167 

3.38 

4118 

3.10 

601 

4168 

3.87 

4119 

3.64 

4169 

3.55 

1908.]  TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 

TABLE  86. — SIXTH  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1902 


561 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crophar 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

601 

509 

3.10 

608 

514 

2.87 

602 

507 

3.08 

3.16 

609 

508 

2.95 

3.03 

603 

503 

3.06 

3.18 

610 

504 

2.97 

604 

511 

3.00 

2.92 

611 

512 

3.03 

2.84 

605 

504 

2.96 

2.86 

612 

507 

3.07 

3.01 

606 

512 

2.93 

3.02 

613 

502 

3.09 

607 

506 

2.78 

2.80 

614 

502 

3.16 

3.32 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

3.00 

3.02 

TABLE  87. — OIL  IN  NINETY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-OiL  PLOT  OF  1902 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  602 

By  Dam  605 

By  Dam  611 

4471 

3.32 

4501 

2.83 

4541 

3.17 

4472 

2.80 

4502 

2.66 

717 

4542 

2.85 

4473 

3.55 

4503 

3.21 

4543 

3.21 

4474 

2.67 

718 

4504 

3.03 

4544 

2.87 

4475 

3.37 

4505 

2.75 

721 

4545 

2.83 

4476 

3.41 

4506 

2.78 

701 

4546 

2.79 

4477 

3.08 

4507 

2.81 

4547 

2.80 

4478 

3.04 

4508 

2.83 

4548 

2.54 

709 

4479 

3.28 

4509 

2.52 

713 

4549 

2.87 

By  Dam  603 

By  Dam  606 

By  Dam  612 

4481 

2.94 

4511 

3.06 

4551 

3.53 

4482 

2.86 

4512 

2.44 

710 

4552 

3.01 

4483 

3.16 

4513 

3.36 

4553 

2.65 

716 

4484 

3.05 

4514 

2.98 

4554 

2.66 

705 

4485 

3.66 

4515 

2.79 

722 

4555 

2.65 

706 

4486 

2.65 

707 

4516 

3.16 

4556 

2.83 

4487 

3.39 

4517 

3.07 

4557 

3.44 

4488 

3.51 

4518 

2.83 

4558 

3.12 

4489 

3.03 

4519 

3.23 

4559 

3.28 

By  Dam  604 

By  Dam  607 

By  Dam  614 

4491 

2.60 

708 

4521 

2.12 

711 

4561 

3.80 

4492 

2.93 

4522 

3.06 

4562 

3.56 

4493 

3.19 

4523 

2.93 

4563 

3.76 

4494 

2.78 

4524 

2.90 

4564 

3.20 

4495 

2.59 

714 

4525 

3.06 

4565 

3.29 

4496 

2.67 

704 

4526 

3.54 

4566 

3.03 

4497 

3.33 

4527 

2.63 

715 

4567 

3.52 

4498 

2.87 

4528 

2.70 

719 

4568 

2.74 

702 

4499 

2.72 

703 

4529 

2.87 

4569 

3.07 

By  Dam  609 

4531 

3.12 

4532 

2.92 

4533 

2.83 

4534 

2.80 

. 

4535 

2.73 

720 

4536 

3.16 

4537 

2.41 

712 

4538 

2.74 

4539 

3.65 

562 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  88. — SEVENTH  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1903 


Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 

By  Dam 

Oil,  percent. 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

701 

605 

2.78 

712 

609 

2.41 

2.82 

702 

614 

2.74 

713 

605 

2.52 

3.01 

703 

604 

2.72 

714 

604 

2.59 

* 

704 

604 

2.67 

715 

607 

2.63 

705 

612 

2.66 

716 

612 

2.65 

3.24 

706 

612 

2.65 

717 

605 

2.66 

707 

603 

2.65 

718 

602 

2.67 

2.81 

708 

604 

2.60 

3.04 

719 

607 

2.70 

3.01 

709 

611 

2.54 

2.82 

720 

609 

2.73 

2.93 

710 

606 

2.44 

721 

605 

2.75 

711 

607 

2.12 

722 

606 

2.79 

3.02 

Average  of  nine  rows 

2.62 

2.97 

*Sample  destroyed 


1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


563 


TABLE  89. — OIL  IN  NINETY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-OiL  PLOT  OF  1903 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

1 
Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  708 

By  Dam  713 

By  Dam  719 

1 

3.26 

31 

3.19 

801 

71 

3.14 

821 

2 

3.12 

32 

2.86 

72 

3.18 

3 

2.92 

816 

33 

2.82 

807 

73 

2.66 

812 

4 

3.04 

34 

3.31 

74 

2.51 

5 

2.96 

35 

3.20 

75 

2.77 

808 

6 

2.83 

36 

3.26 

76 

3.26 

7 

2.95 

37 

3.21 

77 

3.47 

8 

3.04 

38 

3.12 

78 

3.31 

9 

3.22 

39 

3.01 

79 

3.56 

10 

2.62 

40 

3.03 

820 

80 

3.01 

803 

By  Dam  709 

By  Dam  714 

By  Dam  720 

11 

2.78 

41       (Samples  spoiled) 

81 

3.19 

822 

12 
13 
14 

2.93 
3.38 
3.10 

42 
(No  analyses) 

44                   made 

82 
83 
84 

3.33 
2.99 
2.91 

805 

15 

2.93 

45 

85 

2.96 

818 

16 

2.73 

46 

86 

2.85 

17 

3.13 

47 

87 

3.02 

802 

18 

2.81 

48 

88 

2.71 

810 

19 

2.68 

49 

89 

2.71 

20 

2.89 

50 

90 

3.32 

By  Dam  712 

By  Dam  716 

By  Dam  722 

21 

2.71 

51 

2.98 

91 

3.02 

804 

22 

2.94 

52 

2.83 

92 

3.37 

23 

2.74 

53 

2.66 

93 

3.38 

24 

2.85 

54 

3.39 

94 

3.06 

25 

2.81 

55 

3.31  - 

95 

2.72 

813 

26 

2.87 

.  56 

2.88 

96 

2.81 

819 

27 

2.93 

57 

2.78 

814 

97 

2.33 

811 

28 

2.84 

58 

3.18 

817 

98 

2.92 

815 

29 

3.28 

59 

3.28 

99 

2.72 

809 

30 

3.03 

60 

2.75 

100 

2.97 

By  Dam  718 

' 

61 

2.62 

62 

2.96 

63 

3.17 

64 

3.21 

65 

2.91 

66 

2.94 

67 

3.00 

68 

2.92 

806 

69 

2.99 

70 

2.86 

564  BULLETIN  No.  128.  [September, 

TABLE  90. — EIGHTH  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1904 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 

No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

801 

713 

3.19 

812 

719 

2.66 

2.82 

802 

720 

3.02 

813 

722 

2.72 

803 

719 

3.01 

/ 

814 

716 

2.78 

3.05 

804 

722 

3.02 

3.08 

815 

722 

2.92 

2.88 

805 

720 

2.99 

816 

708 

2.92 

2.84 

806 

718 

2.92 

2.84 

817 

716 

3.18 

807 

713 

2.82 

2.88 

818 

720 

2.96 

2.99 

808 

719 

2.77 

819 

722 

2.81 

809 

722 

2.72 

820 

713 

3.03 

810 

720 

2.71 

2.93 

821 

719 

3.14 

811 

722 

2.33 

2.60 

822 

720 

3.19 

Average  of  ten  selected  rows 

2.80 

2.89 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


.565 


TABLE  91. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-OiL  PLOT  OF  1904 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  804 

By  Dam  810 

By  Dam  815 

1 

3.10 

31 

3.09 

71* 

3.29 

2 

3.05 

32 

2.57 

72 

2.65 

924 

3 

3.43 

33 

2.69 

912 

73 

2.47 

920 

4 

3.15 

34 

3.18 

74 

2.87 

5 

3.30 

35 

2.97 

75 

2.78 

6 

3.26 

36 

2.66 

921 

76 

3.28 

7 

2.70 

906 

37 

2.94 

77 

3.14 

8 

2.96 

38 

2.76 

78 

3.33 

9 

3.31 

39 

2.90 

79 

2.69 

913 

10 

2.83 

911 

40 

2.90 

80 

2.99 

By  Dam  806 

By  Dam  811 

By  Dam  816 

11 

2.98 

41 

2.37 

81 

3.15 

12 

2.82 

42 

2.78 

82 

2.95 

13 

2.93 

43 

2.40 

902 

83 

2.95 

14 

2.83 

901 

44 

2.79 

84 

2.63 

905 

15 

2.84 

908 

45 

2.74 

85 

3.07 

16 

2.79 

46 

2.66 

86 

3.44 

17 

2.84 

47 

2.67 

87 

3.07 

18 

2.83 

48 

2.52 

914 

88 

2.74 

922 

19 

3.03 

49 

2.53 

89 

2.96 

20 

2.69 

915 

50 

2.34 

917 

90 

2.84 

By  Dam  807 

By  Dam  812 

By  Dam  818 

21 

2.83 

51 

2.93 

91 

2.69 

903 

.22 

2.83 

52 

2.91 

92 

2.98 

23 

2.94 

53 

2.86 

907 

93 

3.10 

24 

3.02 

54 

2.96 

94 

3.17 

25 

2.67 

904 

55 

2.74 

918 

95 

-2.49 

916 

26 

2.75 

910 

56 

3.10 

96 

2.65 

923 

27 

2.83 

57 

2.85 

97 

3.09 

28 

3.03 

58 

2.93 

98 

3.00 

29 

3.24 

59 

2.74 

925 

99 

2.80 

30 

2.53 

919 

60 

3.02 

100 

3.15 

By  Dam  814 

61 

3.23 

62 

3.07 

63 

2.67 

909 

64 

3.14 

65 

3.41 

66 

3.27 

67 

2.68 

68 

3.47 

69 

2.86 

70 

3.12 

566 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  92. — NINTH  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD,  1905 


Oil,  percent. 

Oil,  percent. 

|?Pp'ic'f#»t" 

By   Dam 

T?  f*  cr  i  c4"*»t* 

Rv    T)a  m 

ear  No. 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crophar- 

-IV  C  g  1  0  LC  1 

ear  No. 

I  >  jr       -i  '  1  1  111 

No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

901 

806 

2.83 

914 

811 

2.53 

2.52 

902 

811 

2.40 

915 

806 

2.69 

903 

818 

2.69 

916 

818 

2.49 

904 

807 

2.67 

917 

811 

2.34 

905 

816 

2.63 

918 

812 

2.74 

2.69 

906 

804 

2.70 

2.60 

919 

807 

2.53 

907 

812 

2.86 

920 

815 

2.47 

2.57 

908 

806 

2.84 

2.64 

921 

810 

2.66 

909 

814 

2.67 

922 

816 

2.74 

910 

807 

2.75 

2.48 

923 

818 

2.65 

911 

804 

2.83 

924 

815 

2.65 

912 

810 

2.69 

925 

812 

2.74 

913 

815 

2.69 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

2.67 

2.58 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


567 


TABLE  93. — OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY  INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM  Low-OiL  PLOT 

OF  1905 


Annual 

ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 

assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  906 

By  Dam  910 

By  Dam  918 

1 

2.51 

41 

2.30 

1011 

81 

2.84 

2 

2.93 

42 

3.04 

82 

3.02 

3 

2.35 

1002 

43 

2.33 

83 

2.53 

4 

2.25 

44 

2.62 

84 

2.57 

5 

2.78 

45 

2.41 

85 

3.06 

6 

2.35 

1014 

46 

2.77 

86 

2.24 

1010 

7 

1.97 

47 

2.52 

87 

2.42 

1003 

8 

2.92 

48 

2.50 

88 

3.02 

9 

2.41 

1007 

49 

2.74 

89 

3.14 

10 

2.75 

50 

2.10 

90 

2.37 

1015 

11 

2.56 

51 

2.43 

91 

2.50 

12 

2.95 

52 

2.82 

92 

2.32 

1022 

13 

2.42 

1019 

53 

2.22 

1006 

93 

2.58 

14 

2.87 

54 

1.77 

1018 

94 

2.46 

15 

2.89 

55 

3.09 

95 

2.71 

•16 

2.76 

56 

2.44 

96 

2.66 

17 

2.86 

57 

2.37 

97 

2.72 

18 

2.43 

58 

2.31 

98 

2.96 

19 

2.60 

59 

2.58 

99 

2.83 

20 

2.43 

60 

2.26 

1023 

100 

2.75 

By  Dam  908 

By  Dam  914 

By  Dam  920 

21 

2.51 

61 

2.48 

101 

2.61 

22 

2.51 

62 

2.80 

102 

2.71 

23 

2.94 

63 

2.73 

103 

2.99 

24 

3.07 

64 

2.63 

104 

2.63 

25 

2.80 

65 

2.93 

105 

2.66 

26 

2.58 

66 

2.24 

106 

2.31 

27 

2.01 

1004 

67 

2.77 

107 

2.45 

1005 

28 

2.75 

68 

2.80 

108 

2.86 

29 

2.92 

69 

2.36 

1001 

109 

2.74 

30 

2.52 

70 

2.56 

110 

2.80 

31 

2.24 

1016 

71 

2.47 

111 

2.40 

1017 

32 

2.68 

72 

2.23 

1008 

112 

2.26 

1012 

33 

2.85 

73 

2.24 

1020 

113 

2.26 

34 

2.69 

74 

2.42 

114 

2.24 

35 

2.45 

75 

2.64 

115 

2.50 

36 

2.92 

76 

1.99 

116 

37 

2.43 

1009 

77 

2.67 

117 

2  '.89 

38 

2.55 

78 

2.39 

1013 

118 

2.40 

1024 

39 

2.40 

1021 

79 

2.60 

119 

2.56 

40 

2.95 

80 

2.41 

120 

2.51 

568 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  94. — TENTH  GENERATION  Low  OIL  PLOT  RECORD  1906 


Register 
ear  No. 

By  Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

By   Dam 
No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crophar- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crophar_ 
vested. 

1001 

914 

2.36 

1013 

914 

2.39 

1002 

906 

2.35 

2.79 

1014 

906 

2.35 

2.76 

1003 

918 

2.42 

1015 

918 

2.37 

1004 

908 

2.01 

1016 

908 

2.24 

2.60 

1005 

920 

2.45 

1017 

920 

2.40 

1006 

910 

2.22 

2.71 

1018 

910 

1.77 

2.46 

1007 
1008 

906 
914 

2.41 

2.23 

1019 
1020 

906 
914 

2.42 
2.24 

2.62 

1009 

908 

2.43 

1021 

908 

2.40 

1010 

918 

2.24 

1022 

918 

2.32 

1011 

910 

2.30 

1023 

910 

2.26 

1012 

920 

2.26 

1024 

920 

2.40 

Average  of  six  selected  rows 

2.20 

2.66 

TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


569 


TABLE  95.— OIL  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY    INDIVIDUAL  EARS  FROM 
Low-OiL  PLOT  OF  1906 


Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

Annual 
ear  No. 

Oil, 
percent. 

Register 
No. 
assigned. 

By  Dam  1002 

By  Dam  1014 

By  Dam  1018 

1 

2.88 

41 

2.96 

81 

2.26 

2 

2.22 

1102 

42 

2.76 

82 

2.38 

3 

2.05 

1114 

43 

2.77 

83 

2.40 

4 

2.70 

44 

2.66 

84 

4.60 

1110 

5 

2.88 

45 

2.82 

85 

2.43 

6 

2.69 

46 

2.05 

1106 

86 

3.17 

7 

2.71 

47 

2.28 

87 

2.36 

8 

2.42 

1107 

48 

3.17 

88 

2  57 

9 

2  98 

49 

2.87 

89 

2.35 

10 

2  98 

50 

2.67 

90 

3.22 

11 

2.65 

1119 

51 

2.80 

91 

2  39 

12 

2.88 

52 

2.97 

92 

2.98 

13 

3.18 

53 

3.03 

93 

2.47 

14 

3.16 

54 

2.88 

94 

2.23 

1103 

15 

3.21 

55 

2.43 

1118 

95 

2.52 

16 

2  93 

56 

2  43 

1111 

96 

2.41 

17 

2.79 

57 

2  45 

1123 

97 

2.59 

18 

2.76 

58 

2.56 

98 

2.48 

19 

2.77 

59 

3.10 

99 

2.34 

1115 

20 

3.00 

60 

3.54 

100 

2.10 

1122 

By  Dam  1006 

By  Dam  1016 

By  Dam  1020 

21 

2.70 

61 

2.74 

101 

2.52 

22 

2.68 

62 

2.67 

102 

2.44 

23 

2.40 

1109 

63 

2.79 

103 

2  35 

1105 

24 

3.01 

64 

2.87 

104 

2.60 

25 

2.63 

65 

2.34 

1108 

105 

3.14 

26 

2.34 

1104 

66 

2.4= 

106 

2.85 

27 

2.49 

1121 

67 

2.62 

107 

2.21 

1112 

28 

2.86 

68 

2.72 

108 

3.15 

29 

2.93 

69 

2.77 

H9 

2.67 

30 

3.13 

70 

2.55 

110 

2.91 

31 

2.82 

71 

2.91 

111 

2.50 

32 

2.78 

72 

2.68 

112 

2.38 

1117 

33 

2.71 

73 

2.82 

113 

2.59 

34 

2.71 

74 

2.45 

1101 

114 

2.61 

35 

2.72 

75 

2.97 

115 

2.45 

36 

2.15 

1116 

76 

2.34 

1120 

116 

2.62 

37 

2.73 

77 

2.50 

117 

2.22 

38 

2.53 

78 

2.54 

118 

3.28 

39 

2.87 

79 

2.35 

1113 

119 

2.78 

40 

3.01 

80 

2  54 

120 

2.10 

1124 

570 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  96. — PROTEIN  IN  CORN  PLANTED  AND  HARVESTED  ON  MIXED-PROTEIN  PLOT 

IN  1898 


High  protein. 

Low  protein. 

Plot 
row 
No. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Protein,  percent. 

•  Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

Seed ear 

Croph  >r- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

1 

209 

12.80 

11.24 

205 

8.84 

9.72 

2 

212 

13:62 

11.75 

206 

8.22 

11.04 

3 

216 

12.72 

12.10 

207 

8.29 

10.09 

4 

223 

11  .97 

11.65 

208 

8.88 

10.89 

5 

224 

11  .89 

11.81 

209 

9.05 

10.58 

Plot  averages 

12.60 

11.71 

8.60 

10.46 

TABLE  97. — PROTEIN  IN  CORN  PLANTED  AND  HARVESTED  ON  MIXED-PROTEIN  PLOT 

IN  1899 


High  protein. 

Low  protein. 

Plot 
ro\v 

Protein, 

percent. 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

Register 

No. 

ear  No.j 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested. 

planted. 

vested. 

1 

309 

13.21 

12.04 

303 

8.66 

9.87 

2 

309 

13.21 

12.07 

303 

8.66 

10.53 

3 

310 

13.31 

12.86 

304 

8.62 

9.39 

4 

310 

13.34 

12.24 

304 

8.62 

10.01 

5 

311 

14.05 

12.70 

305 

8.57                 9.60 

6 

311 

14.05 

12.00 

305 

8.57                 8.74 

7 

312 

14.92 

12.74 

306 

8.29                 9.70 

8 

312 

14.92 

12.86 

306 

8.29                 9.33 

9 

313 

14.25 

12.02 

307 

7.85 

9.36 

10 

313 

14.25 

12.04 

307 

7.85 

9.22 

11 

314 

13.46 

11.33 

308 

7.50 

9.03 

12 

314 

13.46 

12.12 

308 

7.50 

9.06 

13 

315 

13.25 

11.16 

311 

8.32 

10.11 

14 

315 

13.25 

11.39 

311 

8.32 

9.10 

15 

316 

13.12 

11.10 

312 

8.58                 9.40 

16 

316 

13-12 

11.63 

312 

8.58                 8.82 

17 

317 

13.04 

12.09 

314 

8.82                  9.29 

18 

317 

13.04 

12.45 

314 

8.82                10.00 

Plot  averages 

13.63 

12.05 

8.36 

9.47 

1908.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


TABLE  98. — PROTEIN  IN  CORN  PLANTED  A'ND  HARVESTED  ON  MIXED-PROTEIN  PLOT 

IN  1900 


High  protein. 

L,o\v  protein. 

Plot 
row 

Protein,  percent. 

Register 

Protein,  percent. 

No. 

ear  No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

ear No. 

Seed  ear 

Crop  har- 

planted. 

vested 

planted. 

vested. 

1 

408 

13.87 

9.54 

404 

8.08 

8.18 

2 

409 

13.94 

11.10 

405 

7.98 

8.36 

3 

410 

13.97 

10.32 

406 

7.74 

7.68 

4 

411 

14.41 

11.55 

407 

7.49 

7.81 

S 

412 

14.78 

10.78 

408 

6.66 

7.57 

6 

413 

14.53 

11.87 

409 

8.47 

7.68 

7 

414 

14.24 

10.19 

410 

7.60 

8.56 

8 

415 

13.93 

10.64 

411 

7.83 

7.96 

9 

416 

13.89 

10.88 

412 

8.03 

7.79 

10 

417 

13.89 

11.18 

413 

8.18 

7.88 

Plot  averages 

14.15 

10.81 

7.81 

7.95 

572 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  99. — PROTEIN  IN  ONE  HUNDRED  THIRTY-SEVEN  PAIRS  OF  EARS  GROWN  ON 
MIXED-PROTEIN  PLOT  IN  1899 


Plot 
row 
No. 

Hill 
No. 

Protein,  percent. 

Plot 
row 
No. 

Hill 

No. 

Protein, 

percent. 

From 
high  -protein 
seed. 

From 
low-protein 
seed. 

From 
high-  protein 
seed. 

From 
low-protein 
seed. 

1 

4             9.65 

12.13 

8 

15 

13.86 

9.76 

1 

6           13.90                 10.50 

8 

16 

14.41 

9.73 

1 

7 

12.75                   9  80 

9 

7 

10.48 

7.48 

1 

8 

11.51                   9.54 

9 

9 

10.89 

11.54 

1 

9 

10.25                   9.79 

9 

10 

12.03 

8.56 

1 

13 

11.53                   8  18 

9 

10 

10.07 

7.35 

1 

13 

11.89                   8.44 

9 

11 

14.25 

8.92 

1 

14 

14  89                   9.98 

9 

13 

11.26 

8.21 

2 

1 

12.94                   9  09 

9 

14 

13.62 

7.33 

2 

3 

12.73                 10.40 

9 

15 

12.35 

7.71 

2 

4 

13  22                   8  27 

9 

15 

10.34 

9.38 

2 

7 

10.51                   9.81 

9 

16 

14.03 

14.  (>3 

2 

10 

9.89 

7  87 

10 

2 

10.45 

7.75 

2 

11 

10.98                 14.71 

10 

3 

12.49 

13.32 

2 

J2 

14.76                 11.53 

10 

7 

12.40 

7  62 

3 

3 

12.83                 10  26 

10 

9 

11.15 

7.64 

3 

5 

12.16                   9.22 

10 

10 

10.74 

9.14 

3 

6 

12.78                   8.76 

10 

13 

11.48 

11.86 

3 

7 

11.92                   9.45 

10 

14 

13.50 

8.22 

3 

8 

10.51                   9.88 

10 

15 

12.26 

9.27 

3 

8 

9.15                   7.89 

10 

15 

13.30 

8.27 

3 

11 

13.77                 10.10 

11 

2 

11.88 

8.78 

3 

12 

14.80                   8.99 

11 

5 

9.58 

9  92 

3 

14 

13.51 

11.05 

11 

6 

11.77 

10.61 

3 

16 

15.18 

9.51 

11 

10 

9.98 

7.25 

4 

8 

8.37 

9.63 

11 

11 

9.76 

7.81 

4 

9 

13.44 

10.17 

11 

12 

10.58 

9.57 

4 

11 

11  79 

8.53 

11 

13 

12.55 

8.75 

4 

14 

12.77 

11.21 

11 

14 

11.38 

9.26 

4 

IS 

12.84 

9.78 

11 

14 

12.09 

9.43 

4 

16 

13  21 

9  85 

11 

15 

11.48 

7.57 

5 

4 

11  26 

7.91 

12 

1 

12.86 

9.83 

5 

5 

13.80 

8.33 

12 

5 

11.95 

11  07 

5 

5 

11.18 

10.42 

12 

7 

12  05 

8.81 

5 

10 

14.06 

10.38 

12 

8 

12.23 

8.45 

5 

11 

12.88 

9.28 

12 

8 

12  25 

8.72 

5 

14 

12.68 

11.73 

12 

9 

13.29 

8.09 

5 

15 

14.04 

9.07 

12 

11 

8.93 

8.41 

6 

6 

12.07 

9.88 

12 

13 

11.66 

8.08 

6 

7 

11.12 

8.07 

12 

15 

12.72 

7.83 

6 

9 

12.30 

7.94 

12 

16 

11.47 

9.85 

7 

9 

14.33 

8.82 

13 

3 

10.59 

10.91 

7 

10 

10  84 

9.86 

13 

7 

11  67 

9.11 

7 

11 

12.45 

8.58 

13 

8 

10.66 

11  25 

7 

11 

9.56 

9.35 

13 

9 

11.47 

7.74 

7 

12 

10.77                   8.92 

13 

9 

8  27 

8.17 

7 

14 

14.21 

9.51 

13 

11 

11.22 

10.05 

7 

15 

15.15 

12.01 

13 

15 

10.21 

9.19 

8 

8 

12.05 

9.52 

13 

16 

12.41 

11.28 

8 

9 

13.47 

8.51 

14 

4 

12  43 

8.26 

8 

10 

9.60 

8.77 

14 

7 

12.35 

9.52 

8 

13 

12.59 

8.26 

14 

8 

10.52 

9.14 

1908.} 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


573 


TABLE  99. — Continued. 


Plot 

11:11 

Protein,  percent. 

Plot 

Hill 

Protein,  percent. 

row 
No. 

n.m 
No. 

From' 
hig-b-  protein 
seed. 

From 
low  protein 
seed. 

row 
No. 

No. 

From 
high-protein 
seed. 

From 
low-protein 
seed. 

14 

11 

11.32 

9  09 

16 

15 

11.77 

9  92 

14 

12 

9.37 

9.08 

16 

16 

12  18 

9  51 

14 

13 

10.21 

8.36 

17 

1 

10.73 

9.99 

14 

13 

11.18 

8.25 

17 

7 

10  29 

9.71 

14 

15 

12  56 

9.46 

17 

7 

12.11 

8.92 

14 

16 

10  96 

9.94 

17 

8 

12.69 

8.12 

15 

3 

10.96 

8.65 

17 

10 

13.00 

9.H4 

15 

7 

11.76 

8  91 

17 

12 

12.48 

8.85 

15 

9 

9.18 

7.74 

17 

14 

12.05 

11.00 

15 

12 

11  67 

9.68 

17 

15 

13.01 

7.57 

15 

15 

11.12 

12.48 

17 

16 

12.54 

9.45 

16 

7 

12.51 

9.32 

18 

4 

14.14 

11.17 

16 

9 

11.11 

9.06 

18 

9 

11.73 

10.84 

16 

11 

11.50 

8.39 

18 

10 

14.19 

9.66 

16 

12 

10  93 

7.45 

18 

12 

9  28 

8.51 

16 

13 

12.20 

7.46 

18 

16 

13.44 

10.35 

16 

14 

10.26 

8.15 

Averages 

11.92 

9.34 

TABLE  100. — OIL  IN  CORN  PLANTED  AND  HARVESTED  ON  MIXED-OIL  PLOT  IN  1898 


Plot 
row 
No. 

High  oil. 

LyOW  Oil. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 

207 
210 
212 
213 
215 

5.20 
5.44 
5.68 
5.49 
5.43 

4.66 

4.87 
5.38 
5.14 
5.35 

205 
206 
207 
208 
209 

3  39 

3.39 
3.38 
3.50 
3.70 

3.60 
3.86 
4.13 
4.20 
4.06 

Plot  averages 

5.45, 

5.08 

3.47 

3.97 

574 


BULLETIN  No.  128. 


[September, 


TABLE  101. — OIL  IN  CORN  PLANTED  AND  HARVESTED  ON  MIXED-OIL  PLOT  IN  1899 


Plot 
row 
No. 

High  oil. 

Low  oil. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Oil,  percent. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

1 

305 

6.47 

5.09 

304 

3.56 

3.81 

2 

305 

6.47 

5.08 

304 

3.56 

3.92 

3 

306 

6.71 

5.27 

308 

3.22 

3.89 

4 

306 

6.71 

5.09 

308 

3.22 

3.83 

5 

307 

6.49 

5.03 

310 

3.33 

3.73 

6 

7 

307 
308 

6.49 
6.34 

5.33 
5.04 

310 
311 

3.33 
3.35 

3.85 
3.72 

8 

308 

6.34 

5.44 

311 

3.35 

3.76 

9 

309 

6  09 

5.07 

315 

3.64 

3.95 

10 

309 

6.09 

5.37 

315 

3.64 

3.88 

Plot  averages 

6.42 

5.18 

3.42 

3.83 

TABLE  102. — OIL  IN  CORN  PLANTED  AND  HARVESTED  ON  MIXED-OIL  PLOT  IN  1900 


High  oil. 

Low  oil. 

Plot 

Oil,  percent. 

Oil,  percent. 

row 
No. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Register 
ear  No. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

Seed  ear 
planted. 

Crop  har- 
vested. 

1 

402 

6.21 

5.61 

404 

3.45 

3.93 

2 

403 

6.22 

5.74 

405                 3.42 

3.78 

3 

404 

6.35 

5.88 

406                 3.31 

3.73 

4 

405 

6.42 

5.99 

407                 3.08 

3.75 

5 

406 

6.54 

5.71 

408                 2.81 

3.89 

6 

407 

6.43 

5.91 

409                 2.94 

3.80 

7 

408 

6.33 

5.60 

410 

3.14 

3.60 

8 

409 

6.27 

5.84 

411 

3.32 

3.58 

9 

410 

6.22 

5.68 

412 

3.41 

4.22 

10 

411 

6.20 

5.82 

413 

3.47 

3.77 

Plot  averages 

6.32 

5.78 

3.24 

3.81 

1908.] 


TEN  GENERATIONS  OF  CORN  BREEDING. 


575 


TABLE  103. — OIL  IN   EIGHTY-FIVE  PAIRS  OF  EARS   GROWN  ON   MIXED-OIL   PLOT 

IN  1899 


T31  ~4- 

Oil,  percent. 

T->1  -4. 

<      Oil,  percent. 

.Plot 
row 
No. 

Hill 
No. 

From 
high-oil 

From 
low  -  oil 

JrlOt 

row 
No. 

Hill 
No. 

From 
high-oil 

From 
low-oil 

seed. 

seed. 

seed. 

seed. 

1 

6 

5.23 

3.51 

5 

12 

5.66 

3.90 

1 

8 

5.31 

3.61 

5 

13 

4.82 

3.68 

1 

9 

5.84 

4.06 

6 

1 

4.40 

3.82 

1 

10 

5.78 

3.47 

6 

5 

5.18 

3.72 

1 

12 

3.46 

4.00 

6 

9 

5.49 

5.49 

1 

14 

4.00             3.81 

6 

9 

5.59 

3.33 

1 

15 

6.05 

3.96 

6 

11 

5.43 

3.92 

1 

16 

5.96 

4.31 

6 

12 

5.15 

3.84 

2 

1 

5.55 

4.27 

6 

12 

4  91 

3.67 

2 

3 

5.34 

4.20 

6 

13 

5.59 

3.22 

2 

4 

5.29 

4.34 

7 

3 

5.75 

3.57 

2 

6 

5.12 

3.66 

7 

5 

4.51 

3.30 

2 

8 

5.71 

3.20 

7 

6 

4.92 

3  93 

2 

9 

5.17 

3.86 

7 

9 

5.09 

3.92 

2 

10 

3.56 

3.86 

7 

10 

4.74 

3.73 

2 

11 

5.18 

4.55 

7 

13 

5  01 

3.66 

2 

12 

4.51 

3.93 

7 

15 

5.30 

3.93 

2 

12 

4.84 

3.85 

8 

2 

6.29 

3.76 

2 

15 

5  59 

3  62 

8 

10 

6  08             4.09 

2 

16 

5.28 

3.67 

8 

11 

5.29             3.28 

3 

3 

5.00 

5.24 

8 

12 

5.66             3.38 

3 

4 

5.77 

3.73 

8 

13 

4.66             4.13 

3 

8 

5.23 

3.51 

8 

13 

5.02             4.06 

3 

9 

5.26 

3.16 

8 

14 

5.53             4.04 

3 

9 

5.85 

3.01 

8 

16 

5.22             3.42 

3 

10 

5.77 

3.56 

9        i        2 

4.58             4.1,9 

3 

11 

4.73 

3.52 

9 

4 

4.97             3.60 

3 

12 

5.36 

3.86 

9 

6 

5.34 

4.21 

3 

13 

4  85 

4  48 

9 

6 

4.93 

3.47 

4 

2             5.49 

4.12 

9 

8 

5.66 

3.08 

4 

3             5.18 

3.90 

9 

9 

5.33 

3.61 

4 

7             4.77 

3.58 

9 

12 

5.01 

3.97 

4 

11             5.77 

4.30 

9 

12 

4.65 

4.29 

4 

12             5.17 

3.79 

9             13 

4.90 

4.37 

4 

13 

3.86 

3.93 

9             14 

5.06 

3.48 

4 

13 

5.28 

4.26 

10               4 

5.67 

3.28 

5 

2 

5.24 

3.52 

10               7 

5.01 

3.86 

5 

3 

5.59 

3.73 

10               9 

5.63 

3.54 

5 

5 

5.02 

3.60 

10             10 

4.80 

3.68 

5 

7 

5.25 

3.67 

10              12 

5.12 

4.41 

5 

9 

5.05 

3.41 

10             14 

5.75 

3.77 

5 

10 

5.20 

3.78 

10             15 

5.95             3.85 

5 

10             6.69 

3.98 

Averages 

5.22 

3.82 

